1: Which of the following may cause ST segment depression?

A. Ischemia

B. Hyperventilation

C. Ventricular Hypertrophy

D. Hypokalemia

E. All of the above

2: What is the normal range of the QRS axis?

A. 0 degrees to 180 degrees

B. 0 degrees to +90 degrees

C. -30 degrees to +90 degrees

D. -90 degrees to +90 degrees

E. -90 degrees to +30 degrees

3: What direction of current do leads V1 and V2 measure?

A. Left / Right forces

B. Leftward forces only

C. Anterior / Posterior forces

D. Superior / Inferior forces

E. Inward / Outward forces

[Link] lead measures about the same direction of current as lead I?

A. aVF

B. II

C. III

D. V1

E.V6

[Link] lead primarily measures forces moving from the head to the feet
(inferiorly)?

A. Lead I

B. aVF
C. aVL

D. V1

E. V6

6: When using the ECG criteria for diagnosing ventricular hypertrophy (VH),
which of the following is correct?

A. The patient most likely has VH if the ECG criteria are met
B. The patient is free from VH if the ECG does not meet the criteria

C. The Cornell Voltage Criteria should be used because of their excellent

sensitivity

D. The ECG criteria for VH have a sensitivity and specificity of at least 95%

E. None of the above

7: In Left Atrial Enlargement, the P wave:

A. increases in amplitude

B. increases in duration
C. increases in both amplitude and duration

D. shows terminal P negativity in lead I

E. all of the above

8: What can help to differentiate between the normal septal q wave and a
pathologic Q wave?

A. The width

B. The height

C. Both width and height

D. The QRS axis

E. The specific ECG lead involved

9: In an acute ST segment elevation MI (STEMI) which ECG finding is usually the

first to appear?

A. Q wave

B. Hyperacute T wave
C. increases in both amplitude and duration

D. shows terminal P negativity in lead I

E. all of the above

10: Which of the following conditions is usually associated with primary ST-T
wave abnormalities?

A. BBB

B. PVCs

C. WPW preexcitation

D. Electrolyte abnormalities
E. Fascicular blockblock

11: Normal U waves are usually best seen in which leads?

A. I

B. V2, V3
C. II, III, and aVF

D. aVL or aVR

E. I and II

12. On ECG graph paper, the horizontal axis measures:

A. time.
B. speed.

C. voltage.

D. amplitude4

13.A biphasic deflection will occur on an ECG if the electrical

current is traveling in a direction:

A. posterior to the positive electrode.

B. perpendicular to the positive electrode.

C. superior to the positive electrode.

D. anterior to the positive electrode.5

14. If a lead comes off the patient’s chest, the waveform:

A. will appear much larger on the monitor.

B. will appear much smaller on the monitor.

C. will appear to wander on the monitor.

D. won’t be seen at all on the monitor5

[Link] ECG graph paper, the vertical axis measures:

A. time.

B. speed.

C. voltage.
D. amplitude5

[Link] P wave represents:

A. atrial repolarization.
B. atrial depolarization.
C. ventricular depolarization.

D. ventricular repolarization6

[Link] normal duration of a QRS complex is:

A. 0.06 to 0.10 second.

B. 0.12 to 0.20 second.

C. 0.24 to 0.28 second.

D. 0.36 to 0.44 second6

[Link] gather information about impulse conduction from the

atria to the ventricles, study the:

A. P wave.

B. PR interval.
C. ST segment.

D. T wave.6

[Link] period when myocardial cells are vulnerable to extra

stimuli begins with the:

A. end of the P wave.

B. start of the R wave.

C. start of the Q wave.

D. peak of the T wave7

[Link] and ventricular rates can be determined by counting

the number of small boxes between:

A. the end of one P wave and the beginning of another.

B. two consecutive P or R waves.

C. the middle of two consecutive T waves.

D. the beginning of the P wave to the end of the T wave.7

21. A monitor shows an irregular rhythm and a rate that increases and decreases
in consistent cycles. This rhythm most likely

represents:

A. sinus arrest.

B. sinus bradycardia.

C. normal sinus rhythm.

D. sinus arrhythmia.7

[Link] hallmark of a PAC is:

A. regular atrial rhythm.

B. premature, abnormally shaped P wave.

C. P wave followed by an aberrantly conducted QRS complex.
D. regular ventricular rhythm.8

[Link] controlled atrial fibrillation, the ventricular response rate is:

A. less than 60 beats/minute.

B. less than or equal to 100 beats/minute.

C. greater than 100 beats/minute.

D. greater than 120 beats/minute.8

24. Carotid sinus massage is used to:

A. prevent the continued development of PACs.

B. increase the ventricular rate in AV block.

C. convert atrial tachycardia to sinus rhythm.

D. suppress the development of flutter waves8

[Link] a patient with wandering pacemaker, the ECG strip will

show:

A. an early beat causing irregularity.

B. a regular rhythm of 40 beats/minute.

C. slight irregularity because sites of impulse initiation

vary.
D. a regular rhythm and a rate of 60 to 100 beats/minute.8
[Link] a junctional escape rhythm, the P wave can occur:

A. within the T wave.

B. on top of the preceding Q wave.

C. before, during, or after the QRS complex.

D. earlier than expected.9

[Link] an accelerated junctional rhythm, the QRS complex appears:

A. narrowed.

B. widened.

C. damped.

D. normal9

[Link] treatment of choice for a patient with ventricular fibrillation is:

A. defibrillation.
B. transesophageal pacing.

C. synchronized cardioversion.

D. administration of epinephrine9

[Link] type I second-degree AV block, the PR interval:

A. varies according to the ventricular response rate.

B. progressively lengthens until a QRS complex is dropped.
C. remains constant despite an irregular ventricular

rhythm.

D. is unmeasureable10

[Link] to capture is represented on the ECG as:

A. no pacemaker activity.

B. spikes where they shouldn’t be.

C. a spike on a T wave.

D. a spike without a complex10

[Link] drug that blocks vagal stimulation and increases the

heart rate is:

A. magnesium sulfate.

B. diltiazem.

C. verapamil.

D. atropine10

32.A 12-lead ECG is used to assess function of the:

A. right ventricle.

B. left ventricle.
C. right and left ventricle simultaneously.

D. right and left atria simultaneously.11

[Link] recording a 12-lead ECG, the paper speed should be

set at:

A. 10 mm/second.

B. 20 mm/second.

C. 25 mm/second.
D. 50 mm/second.11

[Link] your patient has a T-wave inversion, ST-segment elevation, and pathologic Q
waves in leads II, III, and aVF, suspect an

acute MI in the:

A. anterior wall.

B. inferior wall.
C. lateral wall.

D. septal wall.11

[Link] injury is represented on an ECG by the presence

of a:

A. T-wave inversion.

B. ST-segment elevation.
C. pathologic Q wave.

D. ST-segment depression12

[Link] ST segment located 1.5 mm above the baseline is considered:

A. normal.

B. slightly depressed.

C. abnormally elevated.
D. isoelectric12

[Link] cycle describes cardiac cells at rest?

A. Early repolarization

B. Polarization
C. Rapid depolarization

D. Absolute refractory period12

[Link] of the 12 leads of an ECG views the heart from a different angle. Lead I
views which area of the heart?

A. Inferior wall

B. Anterior wall

C. Posterior wall

D. Lateral wall12
39.A patient’s 12-lead ECG reveals left axis deviation. When is

left axis deviation considered normal?

A. In infants

B. In small children

C. In pregnant women
D. In healthy adults13

[Link] lead on a cardiac monitor is equivalent to V1 on a

12-lead ECG?

A. Lead I

B. Lead MCL6

C. Lead aVF

D. Lead MCL113

41 .What does the P-wave represent?

A. Depolarisation of the ventricles

B. Depolarisation of the atrium

C. Repolarisation of the ventricles

D. Repolarisation of the atrium

.42. What is a sign of cardiac ischemia?

A.R-interval widening
B. T-wave inversion

C. Presence of a U-wave

D. P-wave inversion

43. What does the QRS complex represent?

A. Repolarisation of the ventricles

B. Repolarisation of the atrium

C. Depolarisation of the ventricles

D. Depolarisation of the atrium

[Link] do we know that cardiac injury is occurring to a patient?

A. Q-waves

B. ST-elevation

C. ST-depression

D. T-wave inversion

[Link] occurs at the T-wave?

A. Atrial repolarisation

B. Ventricle repolarisation

C. Atrial depolarisation

D. Ventricle depolarisation
46. How wide should the PR-interval be?

A. 0.04-0.08

B. 0.08-0.20

C. 0.12-0.20

D. 0.08-0.12

[Link] wide should the QRS complex be?

A. 0.04-0.08

B. 0.04-0.12

C. 0.08-0.12

D. 0.08-0.20

[Link] of the following is not a precordial lead?

A. V6

B. V2

C. III

D. AVF

49.A Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) represents: (choose the best answer)

A. Oxygenation impulses between the lungs and heart

B. Degree of strength of the contraction of heart muscle tissue

C. Electrical activity of the heart

D. Complete inactivity of the nares

50. Which of the following wave sets and complexes represents sinus rhythm?

A. P wave followed by T wave then QRS complex

B. P wave followd by QRS complex then T wave

C. QRS complex followed by P wave then T wave

D. T wave followed by QRS complex the ventricular repolarization

51. Variations in electrical impulses of the heart are collectively called:

A. Interval dysfunctions

B. Irregular spikes

C. Rate pattern impulses(rpi's)

D. Dysrhythmias

[Link]. Smith's heart rate is 120 beats per minute (BPM). You would be correct in
describing this rate as a:

A. Bradycardia

B. Normal rate

C. Tachycardia

D. Heart block
53. The part of the rhythm that indicates the time it takes for the sinoatrial node
to fire and the atria to depolarize is known as the:

A. P wave

B. R wave

C. S wave

D. T wave

54. A student nurse is studying a rhythm strip. You know there is understanding
when the student states:

A. "There should be an isoelectric line of the PR Interval."

B. "P waves should be upright in Lead II."

C. "Q waves are always present in a QRS complex."

D. "T waves are notched at their peak."

[Link] on a rhythm strip should include all of the following except:

A. Date and time

B. Full name and room number of the patient

C. Signature of the reviewing physician

D. Rhythm analysis

[Link] ‘J’ point on ECG is

[Link] of Q wave and beginning of R wave

[Link] of P wave and beginning of P–R interval

[Link] of S wave and beginning of ST segment

[Link] of PR interval and beginning of R wave

57.U wave is best seen in :

[Link] II

B.V2, V3

[Link], lead III

D.V5, V6

[Link] Appearance” of ECG is seen in

[Link] fibrillation

[Link] fibrillation

[Link] flutter

D.(1) + (3)

[Link] the P – P interval in more than five large square, the rate is less than

A.40/ min

B.50/ min

C.60/ min

D.80/ min
[Link] is the most diagnostically helpful of the ECG leads?

[Link] I

[Link] II

[Link] III

D.v1

[Link] of the following is the ‘pacemaker’ of the heart?

[Link] Muscle

[Link] Node

[Link] Fibres

[Link] Node

[Link] Muscle

62. P wave taller than normal. The width of the P wave is uniform and within
normal limits,Which area of the heart is most likely to be enlarged?

[Link] atrium

B. Left ventricle

[Link] atrium

[Link] ventricle

[Link] is the Sinoatrial Node located?

[Link] Fibrosus

[Link] Septum

[Link] Atrium
[Link] Atrium

64. What electrical event of the heart is NOT recorded on the

standard 12-lead ECG trace?
A) Atrial depolarization
b) Atrial repolarization
c) Phase 2 of the ventricular action potential
D) Ventricular repolarization
E) Phase 4 of the ventricular action potential

65. Thenormal direction of the QRS complex in lead aVR

results from the ..
a) Repolarization of the ventricular endocardial surface before the
epicardial surface.
b) Depolarization of the ventricular septum before the left
ventricular wall
c) Conduction delay caused by the AV-node
d) Wave of depolarization moving away from the positive
electrode.
e) Depolarization of the right ventricle before the left ventricle.

66. If there is a blockage between the AV node and the AV

bundle, how will this affect the appearance of the EKG?
a) PR interval would be smaller
b) QRS interval would be shorter
c) There would be more P waves than QRS complexes
d) There would be more QRS complexes than P waves
e) The T wave would be absent

67. The T Wave on an EKG represents:

a) Ventricular Depolarization
b) Ventricular Repolarization
c) Atrial Depolarization
d) Atrial Repolarization
e) Ventricular Systole

68. Which of the following is applicable to the PR interval in the ECG .

a) End of the P wave to the end of the R wave
b) Duration is 0.2 to 0.4 seconds
c) Atrial depolarization & conduction through AV node
d) Correspond to JVP ‘a’ wave
e) Length is shortened in heart block

69: All of the following may cause ST segment elevation on EKG, except?

A) Early repolarization variant

b) Constrictive pericarditis

C) Ventricular aneurysm
D) Prinzmetal angina

70 : The ECG of a 40 year old male was recorded using standard bipolar
limb leads. The sum of voltages of the three standard leads was found to
be 5 millivolts. This indicates?
A) Normal heart
B) Right ventricular hypertrophy
 C) Left ventricular hypertrophy
D) increase cardiac muscle mass

71,All of the following are the electrocardiographic features of hyperkalemia,

except?

A) Prolonged PR interval

B) prolong PR intervel
C) Sine wave pattern
D) Loss of P waves

72 : In a patient with wide-complex tachycardia, the presence of all of the

following in the ECG indicates ventricular tachycardia except?
A) Atrioventricular dissociation
B) Fusion beats
C) typical right bundle branch block
D) Capture beats

73 .The most definitive method of diagnosing pulmonary embolism is?

A) Pulmonary arteriography
B) Radioisotope perfusion pulmonary scintigraphy
C) EKG
D) Venography

74 The T Wave on an EKG represents:

A. Ventricular Depolarization

B. Ventricular Repolarization
C. Atrial Depolarization

D. Atrial Repolarization

75 Which of the following is applicable to the PR interval in the ECG .

a) End of the P wave to the end of the R wave

b) Duration is 0.2 to 0.4 seconds
c) Atrial depolarization & conduction through AV node
d) Correspond to JVP ‘a’ wave
e) Length is shortened in heart block

76 , In the ECG given below, which of the following

conditions explains the abnormalities?

A.3rd Degree Heart Block

B. Bundle Branch Block
C. Junctional Rhythm
D. Wenckebach Phenomenon

77. Osborn wave” is seen in .

Hyperthermia
Hypothermia
Hypercalcemia
Acute pericarditis

78 . Which of the following is the primary sclero degenerative

disease of conducting system.
Lev’s disease
Lenegre’s disease
Romano – Ward syndrome
William’s syndrome

79 .With regard to supraventricular tachycardia, which is

simplest for differentiating paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with
block from atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia.
A. Osler’s maneuver
B. Digoxin level
C. Carotid sinus massage
D. Presence or absence of anginal symptoms

80 .The site of origin of AV junctional complex is.

A, AV node
B .Bundle of His
c. Bundle Branch (right)
[Link] Bundle Branch

[Link] ‘J’ point on ECG is .

A, End of Q wave and beginning of R wave.
B. End of P wave and beginning of P–R interval.
[Link] of S wave and beginning of ST segment.
D. End of PR interval and beginning of R wave.

82. .Every °C rise in temp causes an increase in the heart rate

by------------ beats/min.
A,9.
B,8.
C.10.
D.12.

83. .Flutter waves are best seen in .

A, Lead II.
B,Lead V1.
C,(1) + (2).
[Link] aVL.
[Link] combination of right axis deviation + left ventricular
diastolic overload with atrial fibrillation is suggestive of .
[Link] stenosis.
[Link] incompetence.
C,Aortic stenosis.
D. Pulmonary incompetence.

85. U wave is inverted in all, EXCEPT.

[Link] II, III.
B,Acute pulmonary embolism.
C,Acute myocardial infarct.
[Link] V5, V6.

86. All of the following are common causes of Atrial fibrillation,

EXCEPT.

[Link].
[Link]
[Link].
[Link] fever

[Link] one group of leads are uni polar.

(a)precordial
(b)augmented
(c)limb lead
(d)both a and b
(e)both b and c
[Link] lead and augmented lead are arranged.
(a)transverse
(b)coronal plane
(c)sagittal
(d)axial
(e)oblique

[Link] one scientist is called father of ECG.

(a)Gabriel
(b)Carlo mattencci
(c)William einthovenei
(d)William Shatner (e)elder

[Link] many types of ECG are performed.

(a)3
(b)5
(c)1
(d)2
(e)4

[Link] can keep the ECG graph speed increases when we check.....
(a)tachycardia
(b)bradycardia
(c)rhythm
(d)for unconscious patient
(e)for electronic physiology study.

[Link] there is precordial effusion then the amplitude on ECG....

(a)decrease
(b)increase
(c)same
(d)no shows on ECG
(e)non of these.

[Link]'s triangle are formed between....

(a)SA,AV and purkinji fiberglass
(b)SA,AV and tricuspid valve
(c)SA,AV and bicuspid valve
(d)SA,AV and both valves
(e)SA,AV and BOH

[Link] J-wave are formed in the...

(a)hyper thyroidism patient
(b)hypo thyroidism patient
(c)hypothermic patient
(d)hyperthermic patient
(e)Both a and d

[Link] the P-wave we focus on the following except...

(a)atrial abnormality

(b)heart block

(c)atrial enlargement

(d)ventri
96.P-wave are bi phasic in.....
(a)V6
(b)V3
(c)V5
(d)V4
(e)V1

[Link] there is left atrial enlargement,it is due to...

(a)atrial fibrillation
(b)mitral stenosis
(c)tricuspid stenosis
(d)tricuspid regurgitation
(e)both a and b.

[Link] M shape P-wave are formed in which type of disease....

(a)valvuler disease
(b)MI
(c)ischemia
(d)COPD
(e)all of these.

[Link] the graphical representation of ecg the x_axis represent

A.... time
B..... Amplitude
C..... Direction
D.... both A & B
[Link] many types ECG are use
A.... introcardiac ECG
B.... surface ECG
C..... A & B
D ... none of this

[Link] signal produce by

A... SA node
B.... AV node
C.... both
D None of these

[Link] rule of the big box equal to

A 500
B..... 600
c.....800
D.....300

[Link] one is not true about ECG lead

A.... standard limb lead
B..... augmented limb lead
C..... Pericardial leads
D...... Abdominal leads

104 .In chest pain

A... ST segment depression
B.... ST segment elevation
C.... ST segment inversion
D.... ST segment absent

[Link] of the pericardial lead

A.... > 1.5 mm
B.....< 1.5 mm
c.....>2.5 mm
D.....< 2.5 mm
106.p wave represent
A... Atria
B..... ventricle
c..... SA node
D..... AV node
[Link] of the p wave is
A... 0.1 sec
B... 0.2 sec
c.... 0.3 sec
D.... 0.15 sec

[Link] p wave show in leads

A..... lead 'll
B.......lead l
C......lead lll
D.....lead v4

[Link] many formulas are use to determine heart rate?

A.... 5
b.....4
c.....3
d.....2
[Link] mean
A... heart in right side
b... heart in left side
c....heart in anterior side
d...heart in posterior sid