UNIT 6
GERUND AND INFINITIVE
Gerund = Ving -> noun
1. As the subject of a sentence
Swimming is my hobby in the summer
holiday.
2. As the object of a sentence
The employers keep working at the office.
3. As the object of a preposition
+ I am interested in learning English since I
met a Britton.
- We talked about not going to the meeting.
Infinitive = To Vbase
Bare infinitive = Vbase
1. As the subject of a sentence
To love you is beautiful.
2. As the verb of a sentence
I hope to see you in the next holiday.
My boyfriend promised not to be late.
3. As a causative verb
[Link] boss asked/wanted/got/order me to
type the file.
b. My boss had/made/let me type the file.
4. As the object of a sentence
All I want is to study abroad.
Exercise A
Fill in the blanks with the correct words/phrases.
1. Many modern architects insist on … materials
native to the region that will blend into the
surrounding landscape.
A. use
B. to use
C. used
D. using
2. The teacher reminded the students …
A. submitting their assignments on time
B. to submit their assignment on time
C. submitted their assignment on time
D. to submitted their assignment on time
3. One of the least effective ways of storing is
learning … it.
A. how to repeat
B. to repeat
C. repeating
D. repeat
4. I appreciated … from my family.
A. hearing the good news
B. heard the good news
C. to hear the good news
D. hear the good news
5. Our teacher encourages the students … a
dictionary when they find unfamiliar words.
A. not to look up
C. do not look up
B. not looking up
D. not look up
6. Strauss finished … two of his published
compositions before his tenth birthday.
A. written
B. to write
C. wrote
D. writing
7. In the 1940’s and 1950’s, biochemists strived
to … why each of the vitamins was essential for
health.
A. learning
B. learn
C. learned
D. learns
8. Henry Ford revolutionized production
management by … into small steps on a moving
line.
A. breaking down auto assembly
B. broken down auto assembly
C. he broke down auto assembly
D. auto assembly breaking down
9. Neolithic settlements began to give birth to
more complex human societies as they
mastered in …
A. farm
B. farming
C. farm house
D. farm land
10. Archaeologists have been able to study the
skeletons of victims by … distilled water to
wash away the volcanic ash.
A. use
B. using
C. used
D. uses
Choose the incorrect part in each sentence.
11. Many people have stopped smoking to
smoke because they are afraid that it may be
harmful to their health.
Many people have stopped to smoke in the rest
area.
12. Sometimes the students avoid looking at
the teacher if they do not want to answer a
question.
13. Canada's rivers and lakes allowed and,
indeed, invited venturesome pioneers to
explore exploring the interior of the continent.
14. Representative democracy seemed to
evolve simultaneously during the eighteenth
centuries in Britain, Europe, and the United
States.
15. I intended to inform informing you that we
cannot approve your proposal for the upcoming
IT department budget.
16. Jane and David were considering getting
married in June, but they finally decided to
postpone it until August.
17. The director is not interested in
interviewing people who simply like the idea of
traveling around the world.
18. I regret to tell telling you that the train has
been delayed because there are some broken
rails one kilometer from the station.
I regret telling you my secret because you told
everyone.
19. He goes on off telling me the same thing
over and over again although I already
understood the assignment.
Look after
Look at
Look away
20. Gina always puts off on doing her
homework until the last possible moment.
Causative Sentences
1. Gery had/helped/made/let/permitted
Tom clean the floor.
2. He got/asked/ordered/wanted the
robot to buy soto.
3. Gery had the floor cleaned.
Exercise B
Fill in the blanks with the correct words/phrases.
1. Nadia will have her friend … her essay
assignment next week.
A. submit
B. submitted
C. submitting
D. to submit
2. Once a week she has her hair ….
A. washed and styled
B. to be washed and styled
C. wash and style
D. washes and styles
3. The students are getting the lecturer … the
schedule.
A. change
B. changing
C. to change
D. changed
4. The attorney had his client … the possibility
of winning the case.
A. consider
B. considering
C. to consider
D. considered
5. I had my digital camera … last Tuesday. I’m
not enjoying my stay.
A. steal
B. stolen
C. stole
D. to steal
6. All people make the new leader … the need
for justice and equality.
A. emphasize
B. emphasizing
C. to emphasize
D. emphasized
7. The instructor had the trainees … a project
report.
A. making
B. make
C. made
D. to make
8. The police made him … for the damaged he
had caused.
A. paid
B. pay
C. paying
D. to pay
9. Reading … you to fall asleep earlier.
A. help
B. helps
C. helping
D. to help
10. What you should do before an emergency
occurs is to get your fire alarm … that will also
make you feel safer.
A. fixed
B. to fix
C. fixes
D. fixing
11. Luis got his sister to read his class
assignment, and then asked her to write the
report for him because he did not have enough
time.
12. The director had them to work in
committees to plan a more effective advertising
campaign for a new product.
13. James’ lecturer had him to rewrite his thesis
many times before allowing him to present it to
the committee.
14. I always go to the hairdresser to have my
hair to cut every month.
15. He made got me to use formal words and
sentences in order to establish authority in the
classroom.
16. We weren't allowed to take taking
photographs inside the palace by the security
staff.
17. His going on holiday without permission
from his parents gets/got them very furious.
18. He asked us if it was possible for us to let
him paint painting the garden wall.
19. My desire to get into a good university
forces me to study studying hard every day.
20. They convinced me to go going to the shop
for them because they were unable to do the
grocery shopping.
