Education-In-Pakistan MCQs

1. In Muradabad 1859 First School was established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan
2. MAO High School Ali Garh 1875 established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan
3. MAO college Ali Garh 1877 established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan which was
inaugurated by Lord Milton.
4. This college became university in 1920
5. [Link] was first its principal
6. All India Mohamdan Educational Conference established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan in
1886
7. Scientific Society in 1866 established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan
8. Dar-ul-Deoband established by Molana Qasim Nanotavi in 30 May 1866 in Chahta
Mosque.
9. Molna M. Mehmmod was first its teacher.
10. Following are pre independence educational reports and commissions
11. Charles Grants Treatise issued in 1792. Charles was a British Parliament member.
12. Lord Minto( Governor General of Subcontinent) Report issued in 1811
13. Lord Macaulay Report 1835
14. Wood dispatch report 1854. Charles wood was president of board of control
15. Hunter Commission 1882. William hunter was a minister of Lord Rippen viceroy council
16. Indian Universities Comission 1902
17. Sadler Comission 1919. Michal Sadler was VC of Leads university
18. Hartog Committee report 1929

19. First Educational Conference of Pakistan held in Karachi from 27 Nov to 1 Dec 1947
20. Education Minister during first educational conference was Mr. Fazlul Rehman
21. First Educational conference decided to promote Two nation theory, Urdu Language and
to establish an Inter University Board
22. Gen Ayub Khan government establish a 11 members national educational commission on
30 Dec 1958
23. S.M Shareef was Chairmain of this commission. This commission started its work from
Jan 1959. [Link] was a Secretary of education
24. Sharif Commission presented his report to President in Aug 1959 consisting of 346 pages
25. According to Sharif Commission report School educational year was consist of 40 weeks
with 2 month summer, 10days winter and 14 days spring vacations
26. University Educational Year consists of 36 weeks
27. Noor Khan Report was another National Education Policy by Yahya Govt in 1970.
28. University Grants Commission was established according to this policy.
29. Zulifqar Bhutto announces a National Education Policy on 29 March 1972.
30. According to National Education Policy on 29 March 1972, all private institutions were
nationalized on 1 October 1972.
31. First Peoples Open University established in Islamabad According to National Education
Policy on 29 March 1972.
32. National Research Fellowship was established According to National Education Policy
on 29 March 1972
33. NSC was established According to National Education Policy on 29 March 1972.
34. Zia Ul Haq Govt issued National Education Policy 1978
 35. Islamiat, Pak Studies, Arabic were mad compulsory subjects in National Education
Policy 1978.
36. National Educational Council was established in National Education Policy 1978.
37. National Centre was established for science according to National Education Policy 1978.
38. National Technical Teachers Training College established in National Education Policy
1978.
EDUCATION CURRENTLY

Pakistan has one of the lowest literacy rates in the world. In 2003 only 45.7 percent of
adult Pakistanis were literate. Male literacy was 59.8 percent, while female literacy was 30.6
percent. From 1976 to 2001 the number of primary schools doubled, but so did the population.
High levels of population growth continue to hamper educational development in the country.
The government launched a nationwide initiative in 1998 with the aim of eradicating illiteracy
and providing a basic education to all children.

According to the constitution, it is the state’s responsibility to provide free primary

education. Five years has been established as the period of primary school attendance, but
attendance is not compulsory. While the enrollment rate in primary school is high for boys, less
than one-half of girls attend school. In the 1999–2000 school year 96 percent of primary school-
aged children were enrolled in school, while only 39 percent of secondary school-aged children
attended. In 1996, 3.5 percent of Pakistan’s college-aged population attended institutions of
higher education. The wealthiest and best students seek education in British and American
universities.

At the time of independence Pakistan had only one university, the University of
the Punjab, founded in 1882 in Lahore. Pakistan now has more than 20 public universities.
Among Pakistan’s leading public institutions of higher education are Quaid-e-Azam University
(1965), in Islamabad, the University of Karachi (1951), the University of Peshāwar (1950), and
the University of Sindh (1947), near Hyderabad.

Since 1978 the government has encouraged the privatization of education at all levels.
This led to the creation of three major private universities: Lahore University of Management
Sciences (LUMS), Agha Khan University Medical College (in Karachi), and Ghulam Ishaq Khan
Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (in Topi, North-West Frontier Province). The
National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), in Rawalpindi, conduct research in the
fields of science and technology for both the public and private sectors.

NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 1998-2010

 1. The constitution of 1973, article 25 gives right of education to every citizen
2. Nazira Qur'an will be introduced as a compulsory component from grade I-VIII
3. The current literacy rate of about 39% will be raised to 55% during the first five years of
the policy and 70% by the year 2010
4. About 90% of the children in the age group (5-9) will be enrolled in schools by year
2002-03
5. Gross enrolment ratio at primary level will be increased to 105% by year 2010 and
Compulsory Primary Education Act will be promulgated and enforced in a phased
manner
6. One model secondary school will be set up at each district level
7. The participation rate will be increased from 31% to 48% by 2002-03 in secondary level
8. Computers shall be introduced in secondary schools in a phased manner.
9. The total expenditure of the government on education will be raised from its present level
of 2.2% to 4% of GNP by the year 2002-03
10. The District Education Authority will be established in each district
11. The Academy of Educational Planning and Management (AEPAM) shall be strengthened
and tuned up to meet the emerging demands of MES and its obligations at national and
provincial levels
12. A School Census Day shall be fixed for collecting data from all over the country.
13. There shall be regulatory bodies at the national and provincial levels to regulate activities
and smooth functioning of privately-managed schools and institutions of higher education
through proper rules and regulations.
14. School, college and university libraries shall be equipped with the latest reading
materials/services. Internet connection with computer shall be given to each library.
Mobile library services for semi-urban and remote rural areas shall be introduced.
15. Access to higher education shall be expanded to at least 5% of the age group 17-23 by the
year 2010.
16. A new cadre of teacher educators shall be created.

THE NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY (NEP) 2009

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2009 (“the Policy”) comes in a series of education policies dating back
to the very inception of the country in 1947. The review process for the National Education Policy 1998-2010
was initiated in 2005 and the first document, the White Paper was finalized in March 2007. The White Paper
became the basis for development of the Policy document.

1. Life Skills-Based Education (LSBE) shall be promoted.

2. Grades XI and XII shall not be part of the college level and shall be merged into the school level
forming part of existing secondary schools
3. A system for ranking of primary and secondary educational institutions across the country shall be
introduced
4. To create an order for excellence in the country, a “National Merit Programme” shall be introduced to
award bright students
5. All children, boys and girls, shall be brought inside school by the year 2015.
6. Official age for primary education shall be 6 to 10 years. The official age group for next levels of
education shall also change accordingly.
7. Government shall make efforts to provide the necessary financial resources to achieve the EFA goals.
8. Government shall establish at least one “Apna Ghar” residential school in each province to provide free
high quality education facilities to poor students.
9. Every child, on admission in Grade I, shall be allotted a unique ID that will continue to remain with the
child throughout his or her academic career.
10. Literacy rate shall be increased up to 86% by 2015
11. Provinces and district governments shall allocate a minimum of 3% of education budget for literacy
and non formal basic education (NFBE).
12. NEF programmes, currently in practice up to grade 5 shall be expanded up to grade 10, where required.
13. (14 to 17 years). Special educational stipends shall be introduced to rehabilitate child laborers.
14. A Bachelors degree, with a [Link]., shall be the requirement for teaching at the elementary level. A
Masters level for the secondary and higher secondary, with a [Link]., shall be ensured by 2018. PTC and CT
shall be finished
15. Diploma in Education ([Link]) may be used as an intermediate qualification till [Link] teachers are
available universally.
16. Teacher training arrangements, accreditation and certification procedures shall be standardized and
institutionalized.
17. In service teachers training in mathematics shall be given with due attention to developing conceptual
understanding, procedural knowledge, problem solving and practical reasoning skills.
18. In service teacher training in science shall be based on real life situations, use of science kits and
provision of science kits to all primary and middle schools.
19. Teacher allocation plans, likewise, shall be based on schools needs and qualifications of teachers. Over
the course of next two years, Governments shall develop a rationalized and need-based school allocation of
teachers, which should be reviewed and modified annually.
20. Provincial and Area Administrations shall develop effective accountability mechanism including EMIS
data on teacher deployment, to control absenteeism and multiple job-holding,
21. Maximum age limit shall be waived off for recruitment of female teachers.
22. The curriculum development and review process, as well as textbooks review process, shall be
standardized and institutionalized within the framework of the Federal Supervision of Curricula, Textbooks
and Maintenance of Standards of Education Act, 1976.
23. Professional Councils like Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PM&DC) and Pakistan Engineering
Council (PEC) shall be involved in consultations for relevant curriculum development.
24. Environmental education shall be made an integral part of education.
25. Matric-Tech scheme shall be re-introduced at secondary level
26. Education system needs to be internationally competitive and Pakistan shall make efforts
27. TVE shall be extended according to the need of the area i.e. Tehsil, District and Division.

EDUCATIONAL TERMS
AKU Aga Khan University
MTDF Medium Term Development Framework
B. [Link] of Education
NAVTEC National Vocational & Technical Education Commission
B. Sc. Bachelor of Science
NCHD National Commission for Human Development
B. A. Bachelor of Arts
NEAS National Education Assessment System
[Link] Diploma in Education
NEC National Education Census
DEO District Education Officer
NEF National Education Foundation
DPI Director of Public Instructions
NEMIS National Education Management Information System
ECE Early Childhood Education
NEP
National Education Policy
EDO
Executive District Officer
NEPR
National Education Policy Review
EFA
Education for All
NER
Net Enrolment Ratio
EMIS
Educational Management and
Information System
NFBE Non Formal Basic Education
EOY
End of Year
NFE Non- Formal Education
FATA
Federally Administered Tribal
Areas
NQF National Qualifications Framework
FMIS
Financial Management Information
System
NWFP North West Frontier Province
FTI
Fast Track Initiative
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation
and Development
GCI
Global Competitive Index
P&P
Policy and Planning (Wing)
GDP
Gross Domestic Product
PEACE
Provincial Education Assessment Centre
GER
Gross Enrolment Ratio
PEC
Pakistan Engineering Council
GMR
Global Monitoring Report
Ph. D.
Doctor of Philosophy
GoP Government of Pakistan
PISA
Programme for International Student
Assessment
GPI Gender Parity Index
PM&DC
Pakistan Medical and Dental Council
HDI
Human Development Index
PMIS
Personnel Management Information
System
HDR Human Development Report
PPP Public Private Partnerships
HEC
Higher Education Commission
PTA
Parent Teachers Association
HIV/A
IDs
Human Immunodeficiency
Virus/Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome
PTR
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
HRD
Human Resource Development R&D Research and Development
ICT
Islamabad Capital Territory
SIP School Improvement Plan
ICTs
Information Communication
Technologies
SMC School Management Committee
IED Institute for Educational
Development (AKU)
STEPS Students, Teachers, Educationists, Parents
and Society
IPEMC
Inter-Provincial Education
Ministers' Conference
TIMSS Trends in International Mathematics and
Science Study
LGOs
Local Government Ordinances
TVE Technical & Vocational Education
LSBE
Life Skills-Based Education
UN United Nations
MDA
Mid-Decade assessment
UNDP United Nations Development Program
MDGs
Millennium Development Goals
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization
MoE
Ministry of Education
UPE
Universal Primary Education
MoSW
&SE
Ministry of Social Welfare and
Special Education
USAID
United States Agency for International
Development
MSP Minimum Standard of Provision
WB World Bank