8 Grammar Rules for Newspaper Headlines
1. Use present simple tense for past events
The present tense (it does) is quick and current, and helps emphasise the action happening, rather
than its completion.
Parliament confirms new stray dog policy
Lion escapes zoo
2. Leave out auxiliary verbs
BE( is, are, was, were, am), Have, Do
New policy decided by Parliament (New policy has been decided by Parliament)
Lion escapes zoo – ten killed (ten people have been killed / were killed)
Four stranded in sudden flood (four people have been stranded / were stranded)
Temperatures rising as climate changes (temperatures are rising)
3. Use infinitives for future events
Parliament to decide new policy tomorrow (Parliament is to decide / will decide a new policy
tomorrow)
President to visit France for further talks (President is to visit / is going to visit France for further
talks later this week)
4. Leave out articles (a, an, the)
Prime Minister hikes Alps for charity (The Prime Minister hiked the Alps)
Man releases rabid dog in park (A man released a rabid dog in a park)
5. Leave out “to be”
Residents unhappy about new road (Residents are unhappy…)
Family of murder victim satisfied with court decision (Family of murder victim is satisfied…)
6. Leave out “to say”
Mr Jones: “They’re not taking my house!”
Bush on Iraqi invasion: “This aggression will not stand.”
Reported speech is usually represented by a colon, or a hyphen, with the subject introduced with
‘on…’. This includes leaving out other verbs such as comment, tell, argue, announce, shout – unless
the act of speaking needs emphasising, for instance to demonstrate a promise or official policy.
7. Replace conjunctions with punctuation
Police arrest serial killer – close case on abductions
Fire in bakery: hundreds dead
As with reporting speech, commas, colons, semi-colons, hyphens and so on can replace all
conjunctions, or some joining verbs, to join clauses. Commas may also be used to join nouns (more
common in American English).
Man kills 5, self