Cyber Security

simple notes and an outline for a cybersecurity presentation with real-world examples:

Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting computer systems, networks, programs, and data from
unauthorized access, damage, or theft. It encompasses a wide range of techniques, technologies, and practices
to safeguard digital assets and ensure the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information.

Key aspects of cybersecurity include:

 Protection against cyberattacks:

This includes preventing malware, hacking, phishing, and other malicious activities that could compromise
systems or data.

 Data security:

Ensuring sensitive information is protected from unauthorized access, theft, or misuse.

 Network security:

Protecting the infrastructure that connects devices and systems, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems,
and other security measures.

 Application security:
Securing software and applications to prevent vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers.

 Physical security:

Protecting physical devices and infrastructure, such as servers and data centers, from unauthorized access or
damage.

 End-user education:

Training individuals to recognize and avoid common cyber threats, such as phishing scams and social
engineering.

 Incident response:

Developing plans and procedures for responding to and mitigating cyber incidents.

 Compliance with regulations:

Adhering to industry standards and legal requirements related to data protection and security.

In essence, cybersecurity is a multi-faceted discipline that requires a combination of technical expertise, security
awareness, and proactive measures to stay ahead of evolving threats. It's a continuous process that involves
monitoring systems, detecting threats, and responding to incidents to protect digital assets and ensure business
continuity

📘 Cybersecurity Notes

1. What is Cybersecurity?

 Cybersecurity means protecting computers, phones, and the internet from bad people (hackers).

 Just like you lock your house to stay safe, cybersecurity locks your digital life.

2. Why Should You Care?

 You use smartphones, games, Instagram, YouTube – all online.

 If someone hacks your phone, they can:

o Steal your photos

o Read your messages

 o Even steal your money (UPI, banking apps)

🔐 Real-Life Examples

1. Instagram Hack

o A student clicked a free iPhone link.

o Their Instagram account got hacked and used to scam others.

2. Online Game Scam

o A boy wanted free diamonds in a game.

o Clicked a fake link, and his mom's card got charged ₹5000!

3. Free Wi-Fi Danger

o Someone used airport Wi-Fi without protection.

o A hacker stole their passwords and got into their Gmail.

📱 Simple Tips to Stay Safe

1. Use Strong Passwords

o Not “123456” or “password”

o Example: MyDogIs@Max2025

2. Don’t Share Personal Info

o Don’t tell your school, phone number, or address to strangers online.

3. Avoid Clicking Random Links

o “You won a prize” = 99% scam

4. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

o Adds an extra lock to your account.

📊 Presentation Outline (Slides)

Slide 1 – Title: "Cybersecurity – Why It Matters!"

Slide 2 – What is Cybersecurity? (With a lock + smartphone image)
Slide 3 – Why Should YOU Care? (Use icons of Instagram, WhatsApp, UPI)
Slide 4 – Real Story: Instagram Hack (Include emojis and screenshots if possible)
Slide 5 – Real Story: Online Game Scam
Slide 6 – Common Mistakes Students Make Online
Slide 7 – 5 Simple Tips to Stay Safe Online
Slide 8 – Final Message: “Stay Smart, Stay Safe!”
Here's a simple, practical guide to implementing cybersecurity on a PC, especially one used for schoolwork or
general use (with Microsoft Office, browsers, etc.). This version is perfect for sharing with Class 10 students or
anyone new to cybersecurity.

🛡️How to Implement Cybersecurity on a PC (Simple Steps)

🔐 1. Use Strong Passwords

 Don’t use: 123456, qwerty, or your name.

 Use: A mix of capital letters, numbers, and symbols.

o Example: School@2025!

 Use a password manager like Bitwarden or use the browser’s secure password storage.

🖥️2. Keep Software Updated

 Turn on auto-updates for:

o Windows

o Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)

o Browsers (Chrome, Edge, Firefox)

💡 Updates fix security holes hackers can use.

🧰 3. Use Antivirus & Security Tools

 Use Windows Defender (built into Windows 10/11) or a trusted antivirus like:

o Avast (free)

o Bitdefender

o Kaspersky

Make sure it's updated regularly and run scans weekly.

🌐 4. Safe Browsing Practices

 ✅ Use Google Chrome or Microsoft Edge with Safe Browsing features on.

 ❌ Don’t click on pop-ups or “You won a prize” links.

 ✅ Use HTTPS websites (check for 🔒 in the address bar).

  ✅ Install an ad-blocker extension like uBlock Origin to prevent fake ads.

📧 5. Be Smart with Emails

 Don’t open attachments from unknown senders.

 Look out for spelling errors, weird links, or pressure like “Do this NOW!”

🔑 6. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

 Add 2FA to:

o Gmail/Outlook

o Facebook, Instagram

o Microsoft Account

 Use apps like Google Authenticator or Microsoft Authenticator.

🗂️7. Backup Your Files

 Use OneDrive (included with MS Office) or Google Drive.

 Keep backups of important schoolwork in the cloud or on a USB drive.

🧍‍♂️8. Create Separate User Accounts

 If you share your PC:

o Create a separate account for each user.

o Avoid using the Administrator account for daily tasks.

🧼 9. Clean Junk Regularly

 Use built-in tools like Disk Cleanup or Storage Sense.

 Avoid installing unknown "PC Cleaners" — they might be fake!

🧠 10. Stay Informed

 Learn to recognize scams.

 Follow basic cybersecurity news via YouTube, school tech sessions, or news apps.
💬 Final Tip for Class 10 Students:

"Just like you wouldn't leave your school bag open in a public place, don't leave your PC open to hackers. Lock it,
clean it, and update it!"
Here's a real, simple example of Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) using something your students will recognize
— logging into Instagram:

🔐 Real Example of 2FA: Instagram Login

Let’s say a student wants to log into their Instagram account.

🧩 Step 1: Username & Password (Something You Know)

They type in:

 Username: @coolgamer123

 Password: MyCat@2025

👉 This is the first factor — something they know.

📲 Step 2: Verification Code (Something You Have)

After entering the correct password, Instagram says:

“We sent a 6-digit code to your phone number ending in 98. Enter it to continue.”

The student checks their phone and gets a code via SMS (or app like Google Authenticator).

👉 This is the second factor — something they have.

They enter the code, and now they’re in!

💡 Why It’s Safer:

If a hacker guesses or steals your password, they still can't log in without the second code — which is sent only
to your phone.

Other Real-Life Places Where 2FA is Used:

Service 2FA Method Example

Gmail SMS code or Google Authenticator app

WhatsApp 6-digit PIN code

Microsoft Account App notification or email code

Banking Apps OTP (One Time Password) to mobile

🧾 Cybersecurity & Networking Terms Table

Term Definition Explanation / Example

A type of malicious software that Like a biological virus, it replicates itself and can damage
Virus attaches to programs or files and files, slow down your PC, or crash systems. Needs user
spreads. action (e.g., opening infected file).

Includes viruses, spyware, worms, ransomware, etc.

Short for "malicious software" – any
Malware Malware can steal data, control devices, or cause other
software designed to harm a system.
damage.

Malware that locks or encrypts your Example: You open a bad attachment, and suddenly your
Ransomware data and demands payment to files are encrypted. A message appears demanding money
unlock it. (ransom) to get your files back.

A cyberattack that tricks users into

Phishing Example: You get a fake email from “your bank” asking you
giving away sensitive info via fake
Attack to log in—really, it’s a scam site that steals your password.
emails or websites.

Denial of Service – an attack that

Floods a server with too many requests, making it crash or
DoS Attack overloads a server or network to
become inaccessible to real users.
shut it down.

A security system that monitors and Acts like a gatekeeper: blocks unauthorized access while
Firewall controls network traffic based on allowing safe communication. Can be software (on PC) or
rules. hardware (in routers).

Virtual Private Network – encrypts Protects your identity online and lets you browse safely,
VPN your internet connection and hides especially on public Wi-Fi. Can also bypass geographic
your IP. restrictions.

A network device that connects Think of it like a smart connector – it sends data only to the
Switch multiple devices in a local area device it’s meant for, improving speed and security within a
network (LAN). network.

A device that routes data between Connects your LAN to the internet and assigns IP addresses
Router your home or office network and the to devices. Usually includes a firewall and sometimes Wi-Fi
internet. capabilities.

A device that connects your home or Converts digital data into a signal that can be sent over
Modem office to your Internet Service telephone or cable lines and vice versa. Often combined
Provider (ISP). with routers in home setups.
🔒 Cybersecurity & Networking Terms – Trilingual Table (English | Hindi | Gujarati)

Term English Definition Hindi (हिंदी) Gujarati (ગુજરાતી)

વાયરસ: નુકસાનકારક
Malicious software that वायरस: एक हानिकारक
સોફ્ટવેર જે ફાઈલો અથવા
Virus spreads by attaching to सॉफ्टवेयर जो फाइलों या
કાર્યક્રમો સાથે જોડાય
files/programs. प्रोग्राम से फैलता है।
છે.

मालवेयर: ऐसा सॉफ्टवेयर जो મેલવેર: એવું સોફ્ટવેર જે

Any software designed to
सिस्टम को नुकसान સિસ્ટમને નુકસાન
Malware harm or steal data from a
पहुँचाने या डाटा चुराने પહોંચાડે અથવા માહિતી
system.
के लिए बना हो। ચોરી કરે.

Malware that locks your data रैनसमवेयर: डेटा को लॉक कर રેન્સમવેર: તમારું ડેટા
Ransomware and demands payment to पैसे की मांग करने वाला લોક કરીને પૈસા માગતો
unlock it. मालवेयर। માલવેર.

फ़िशिंग हमला: नकली ईमेल ફિશિંગ હુમલો: ખોટી ઈમેઇલ

Phishing Trick to steal sensitive data
या वेबसाइट से निजी અથવા વેબસાઇટથી ગુપ્ત
Attack using fake emails/websites.
जानकारी चुराने का तरीका। માહિતી મેળવવાનો પ્રયાસ.

DoS હુમલો: સર્વરને

Overloads a server to make it DoS हमला: सर्वर को ओवरलोड
DoS Attack ઓવરલોડ કરીને તેનું
crash or unavailable. कर क्रैश या बंद करना।
કાર્ય બંધ કરવો.

फ़ायरवॉल: नेटवर्क ફાયરવોલ: નેટવર્ક

Controls network traffic and ट्रैफिक को नियंत्रित ટ્રાફિકને નિયંત્રિત કરે
Firewall
blocks unauthorized access. करता है और अनाधिकृत છે અને અનધિકૃત ઍક્સેસને
पहुँच को रोकता है। અટકાવે છે.

वीपीएन: आपके इंटरनेट

VPN: ઇન્ટરનેટ ટ્રાફિકને
Encrypts your internet traffic कनेक्शन को एन्क्रिप्ट
VPN એન્ક્રિપ્ટ કરે છે અને
and hides your IP address. करता है और आपकी पहचान
તમારી ઓળખ છુપાવે છે.
छिपाता है।

સ્વીચ: સ્થાનિક
Connects devices in a local स्विच: लोकल नेटवर्क में
નેટવર્કમાં ડિવાઈસને
Switch network and sends data डिवाइसेज़ को जोड़ता है
જોડે છે અને માહિતી યોગ્ય
efficiently. और डेटा सही जगह भेजता है।
રીતે મોકલે છે.

Routes data between your राउटर: लोकल नेटवर्क और રાઉટર: સ્થાનિક નેટવર્ક
Router local network and the इंटरनेट के बीच डेटा અને ઇન્ટરનેટ વચ્ચે
internet. भेजता है। માહિતી મોકલે છે.

मोडेम: आपके घर/ऑफिस को મોડેમ: તમારું ઘર/ઓફિસ

Connects your home/office to
Modem इंटरनेट सेवा प्रदाता से ઇન્ટરનેટ સેવા પ્રદાતા
the Internet Service Provider.
जोड़ता है। સાથે જોડે છે.
સાયબરસિક્યુરિટી
1. સાયબરસિક્યુરિટી શું છે?

 સાયબરસિક્યુરિટીનો અર્થ છે કમ્પ્યુટર, ફોન અને ઇન્ટરનેટને ખરાબ લોકો

(હેકર્સ)થી સુરક્ષિત રાખવું.
 જેમ તમે તમારા ઘરને તાળું મારો છો, તેમ જ તમારું ડિજિટલ જીવન સુરક્ષિત રાખવા
માટે સાયબરસિક્યુરિટી જરૂરી છે.

2. તમારે કેમ ધ્યાન આપવું જોઈએ?

 તમે સ્માર્ટફોન, ગેમ્સ, Instagram, YouTube જેવા પ્લેટફોર્મ ઉપયોગ કરો છો – બધું
ઓનલાઈન છે.

 જો કોઈ તમારું ફોન હેક કરે તો તેઓ:

o તમારી તસવીરો ચોરી શકે

o તમારા સંદેશાઓ વાંચી શકે

o તમારું પૈસા પણ ચોરી શકે (UPI, બેન્કિંગ એપ્સ)

વાસ્તવિક જીવનના ઉદાહરણો

1. Instagram હેક

 એક વિદ્યાર્થીઓએ “ફ્રી iPhone” લિંક પર ક્લિક કર્યું.

 તેનું Instagram એકાઉન્ટ હેક થયું અને અન્ય લોકોને ઠગવા માટે વપરાયું.

2. ઓનલાઇન ગેમ ઠગાઈ

 એક છોકરાને ગેમમાં ફ્રી ડાયમંડ્સ જોઇતી હતી.

 તે ફેક લિંક પર ક્લિક કર્યો અને તેની મમ્મીનું કાર્ડ ₹5000 થી ચાર્જ થઈ ગયું!

3. ફ્રી Wi-Fi જોખમ

 કોઈએ એરપોર્ટ Wi-Fi વિના સુરક્ષા વાપરી.

 હેકરે તેનું પાસવર્ડ ચોરી લીધું અને Gmail માં પ્રવેશ મેળવી લીધો.

સુરક્ષિત રહેવા માટે સરળ ટિપ્સ

1. મજબૂત પાસવર્ડ વાપરો (ધારી ન શકાય તેવો શબ્દ)

o “123456” કે “password” ન વાપરો

o ઉદાહરણ: MyDogIs@Max2025
 2. વ્યક્તિગત માહિતી શેર ન કરો

o તમારા શાળાનું નામ, ફોન નંબર કે સરનામું અજાણ્યા સાથે શેર ન કરો.

3. અજાણી લિંક્સ પર ક્લિક ન કરો

o “તમે ઇનામ જીત્યા” = 99% છેતરપિંડી

4. Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) ચાલુ કરો

o તમારા એકાઉન્ટ માટે વધારાની તાળાબંધી આપે છે.

2FA નું વાસ્તવિક ઉદાહરણ: Instagram લોગિન

પગલું 1: યુઝરનામ અને પાસવર્ડ (તમે જાણો છો તે)

 ઉદાહરણ: યુઝરનામ: @coolgamer123 | પાસવર્ડ: MyCat@2025

પગલું 2: વેરિફિકેશન કોડ (તમે ધરાવો છો તે)

 Instagram તમારા ફોન પર SMS કે એપ દ્વારા કોડ મોકલે છે.

 તમે કોડ દાખલ કરો. હવે તમે લોગિન કરી શકો છો!

કેમ વધુ સુરક્ષિત છે?

 જો કોઈને તમારું પાસવર્ડ મળી જાય, તો પણ તેમને તમારું ફોન જોઈએ લોગિન કરવા માટે.

2FA ના અન્ય ઉદાહરણો:

 Gmail (Authenticator એપ દ્વારા)

 WhatsApp (6-અંકનો PIN)

 બેન્કિંગ એપ્સ (તમારા ફોન પર OTP)

🛡️How to Implement Cybersecurity on a PC – Table Format

Step English Hindi Gujarati

🔐 1. Use Strong Don’t use: 123456, ये पासवर्ड मत रखें: આ પાસવર્ડ ન વાપરો:
Passwords qwerty, or your name. 123456, qwerty, या अपना 123456, qwerty, અથવા
Use a mix of capital नाम। તમારું નામ.
letters, numbers, and कैपिटल अक्षर, नंबर और મોટાં અક્ષરો, આંકડા
symbols. सिंबल का उपयोग करें। અને ચિહ્નો મિક્સ
Example: School@2025! उदाहरण: School@2025! કરો.
Use a password manager Bitwarden या ब्राउज़र ઉદાહરણ: School@2025!
like Bitwarden or की सुरक्षित स्टोरेज Bitwarden અથવા
 browser’s secure storage. का उपयोग करें। બ્રાઉઝરની સુરક્ષિત
સ્ટોરેજ વાપરો.
🖥️2. Keep Software Turn on auto-updates for Windows, Office और Windows, Office અને
Updated Windows, Office, ब्राउज़र्स के लिए Browsers માટે auto-
Browsers. ऑटो-अपडेट चालू रखें। update ચાલુ રાખો.
Updates fix security holes अपडेट्स सुरक्षा Updates હેકર્સ ઉપયોગ
hackers can use. कमज़ोरियों को ठीक કરે તેવા છિદ્રો બંધ
करते हैं। કરે છે.
🧰 3. Use Antivirus & Use Windows Defender or Windows Defender या Windows Defender કે
Security Tools trusted antivirus (Avast, भरोसेमंद एंटीवायरस વિશ્વસનીય
Bitdefender, Kaspersky). (Avast, Bitdefender, એન્ટીવાયરસ (Avast,
Keep it updated and scan Kaspersky) का उपयोग Bitdefender, Kaspersky)
weekly. करें। વાપરો.
नियमित अपडेट करें और નિયમિત અપડેટ કરો અને
हर हफ्ते स्कैन करें। દર અઠવાડિયે સ્કેન
કરો.
🌐 4. Safe Browsing Use Chrome or Edge with Chrome या Edge का Safe Chrome કે Edge માં Safe
Practices Safe Browsing on. Browsing उपयोग करें। Browsing ચાલુ કરો.
Don’t click pop-ups or पॉप-अप या “आपने इनाम પોપઅપ કે “તમે ઇનામ
“You won a prize” links. जीता” लिंक्स पर જીત્યું” જેવી
Use HTTPS (🔒 in address क्लिक न करें। લિંક્સ પર ક્લિક ન
bar). HTTPS साइट्स का उपयोग કરો.
Install ad-blocker (like करें (🔒 चेक करें)। HTTPS સાઇટ્સ વાપરો (🔒
uBlock Origin). uBlock Origin जैसे ad- ચિહ્ન ચેક કરો).
blocker इंस्टॉल करें। uBlock Origin જેવા ad-
blocker ઇન્સ્ટોલ કરો.
📧 5. Be Smart with Don’t open unknown अनजान मेल अटैचमेंट्स અજાણ્યા ઇમેઇલ
Emails attachments. न खोलें। એટેચમેન્ટ ન ખોલો.
Watch for errors, weird गलतियों, अजीब लिंक्स ભૂલો, અજાણી લિંક્સ
links, or urgency like “Do या “अभी करो” जैसे કે “હવે કરો” જેવા
this NOW!” दबाव से सावधान रहें। સંકેતોથી સાવચેત રહો.
🔑 6. Enable Two- Add 2FA to Gmail, Gmail, Facebook, Microsoft Gmail, Facebook, Microsoft
Factor Facebook, Microsoft. में 2FA चालू करें। માટે 2FA ચાલુ કરો.
Authentication Use apps like Google Google Authenticator जैसी Google Authenticator
(2FA) Authenticator. ऐप्स का प्रयोग करें। જેવી એપ વાપરો.
🗂️7. Backup Your Use OneDrive or Google OneDrive या Google Drive OneDrive કે Google Drive
Files Drive. का उपयोग करें। નો ઉપયોગ કરો.
Backup school files to जरूरी फाइलों का મહત્વની ફાઇલોનું
cloud or USB. बैकअप क्लाउड या USB ક્લાઉડ કે USB પર
में रखें। બેકઅપ રાખો.
🧍‍♂️8. Create Make separate accounts हर यूज़र के लिए अलग દરેક વપરાશકર્તા
Separate User for each user. अकाउंट बनाएं। માટે અલગ એકાઉન્ટ
Accounts Don’t use Admin account रोज़ के काम के लिए બનાવો.
for daily work. Admin अकाउंट न यूज़ રોજના કામ માટે Admin
करें। એકાઉન્ટ ન વાપરો.
🧼 9. Clean Junk Use Disk Cleanup or Disk Cleanup या Storage Disk Cleanup અથવા
Regularly Storage Sense. Sense का उपयोग करें। Storage Sense વાપરો.
Don’t install random “PC फेक "PC Cleaners" न ખોટા "PC Cleaners"
 Cleaners.” इंस्टॉल करें। ઇન્સ્ટોલ ન કરો.
🧠 10. Stay Informed Learn to spot scams. धोखाधड़ी पहचानना ઠગાઈ ઓળખવાની કળા
Follow cybersecurity news सीखें। શીખો.
(YouTube, apps). साइबर सुरक्षा से Cybersecurity અંગેની
जुड़ी खबरें देखें ખબર જોઈ રાખો (YouTube,
(YouTube, apps)। apps).
💬 Final Tip Just like you wouldn’t जैसे आप स्कूल बैग જેમ તમે તમારું સ્કૂલ
leave your school bag खुला नहीं छोड़ते, બેગ ખુલ્લું ન છોડો,
open, don’t leave your PC वैसे ही PC को તેમ તમારા PC ને પણ
unprotected. असुरक्षित न छोड़ें। અનપ્રોટેક્ટેડ ન
Lock it, clean it, update it! उसे लॉक करें, क्लीन રાખો.
करें, अपडेट रखें। તેને લોક કરો, સાફ
કરો, અપડેટ રાખો.
From Gemini

Cyber Security: Staying Safe in the Digital World

Slide 1: Title Slide

 Title: Staying Safe in the Digital World: A Simple Guide to Cyber Security

 Subtitle: Protecting Yourself from Online Threats

 Visuals:

o Background Image: A diverse group of friendly, smiling people (various ages, ethnicities) happily
using modern digital devices (smartphones, laptops, tablets) in everyday settings (park, home,
cafe). The background should be clean and bright.

o Overlay Icon: A subtle, transparent cyber security shield or padlock icon subtly superimposed
over the digital devices, suggesting protection.

 Footer: Your Name / Organization | Date

Slide 2: Our Connected Lives

 Title: Our Digital Footprint: How We Use Technology Every Day

 Key Message: Technology is a huge part of our lives!

 Visuals:

o Large Central Icon: A connected globe or a network symbol.

o Surrounding Smaller Icons (connected to the central icon):

 Smartphone: With social media apps (Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram).

 Laptop: With an online shopping cart, email envelope, and banking app icon.

 Tablet: With a streaming video icon and a learning app icon.

 Smartwatch: Showing a health tracking icon.

 Smart Home Device: (e.g., a smart speaker)

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Think about your day: You check messages, shop online, pay bills, watch videos, or connect
with friends."

o "Technology makes our lives easier and more fun."

o "But, just like the real world, the digital world has its own dangers."

Slide 3: What is Cyber Security?

 Title: Understanding Cyber Security: Your Digital Shield

  Key Message: It's about protecting our digital information and privacy.

 Visuals:

o Diagram: A large, friendly shield icon in the center.

o Arrows pointing to the shield from various digital assets:

 A smartphone icon (representing personal data, photos).

 A bank card icon (representing money, financial details).

 A laptop icon (representing documents, work files).

 A cloud icon (representing online storage).

 A person icon (representing your identity).

o Text on the shield: "Protecting You Online"

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Cyber security is like building a strong fort around your digital life."

o "It's about keeping your personal information, photos, money, and identity safe from bad
people online."

Slide 4: Who are the "Bad Guys"? (Common Cyber Threats)

 Title: The Digital Dangers: Knowing Your Opponents

 Key Message: There are different ways people try to harm you online.

 Visuals: Four distinct sections, each with a clear icon and a brief description.

o Section 1: Phishing (Icon: Fishing hook with an email)

 Description: "Tricky messages (emails, SMS) pretending to be from trusted companies

(bank, government) to steal your info."

o Section 2: Malware (Icon: A bug or a broken computer chip)

 Description: "Nasty software (viruses) that can harm your device or steal your data
without you knowing."

o Section 3: Scammers (Icon: A 'speak no evil' emoji or a person with a cunning smile)

 Description: "People who try to trick you into giving them money or information
through lies and false promises."

o Section 4: Hacking (Icon: A masked figure with digital code or a broken padlock)

 Description: "Unauthorized access to your accounts or devices to steal data or cause

damage."
  Content/Talking Points:

o "These are the common methods used by cyber criminals."

o "They often try to trick you, scare you, or secretly infect your devices."

Slide 5: Real-Life Example 1: The "Bank" SMS Scam

 Title: Scenario 1: The Urgent SMS

 Key Message: Scammers often pretend to be your bank or a service provider.

 Visuals:

o Image: A screenshot of a fake SMS message on a phone screen: "Dear customer, your bank
account will be suspended due to suspicious activity. Click here to verify: [fake link]"

o Alongside the SMS: A small, red "X" icon or a warning triangle.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Imagine you get an SMS like this from 'your bank'."

o "It looks real, has a link, and creates panic."

o What happened: "If you click the link, it goes to a fake website that looks like your bank. When
you enter your username and password, the criminals steal them."

 Real-Life Connection (India): "Many people in India have fallen for these 'KYC update' or 'account
blocked' SMS scams."

Slide 6: Protection Tip 1: Verify Before You Click

 Title: Remedy: Always Double-Check and Be Suspicious

 Key Message: Don't trust messages that create urgency or seem too good to be true.

 Visuals:

o Image: A hand pointing at a phone screen showing a suspicious SMS, with a magnifying glass
hovering over it, implying careful examination.

o Flowchart/Diagram:

 Start: "Got a suspicious message?"

 Branch 1 (No): "Ignore/Delete"

 Branch 2 (Yes): "Is it really from my bank/company?"

 Option A: "CALL THE OFFICIAL CUSTOMER SERVICE NUMBER (from their official
website or bill, NOT the message)."

 Option B: "Visit the official website (type the address yourself, don't click links)."
  Content/Talking Points:

o "Always call the company directly using a number you know is real, or visit their official
website."

o "Your bank will never ask for your passwords or PINs over SMS/Email/Call."

Slide 7: Real-Life Example 2: The Weak Password Problem

 Title: Scenario 2: The Easily Guessable Password

 Key Message: Simple passwords are an open invitation for hackers.

 Visuals:

o Image: A login screen with a password field showing "123456" or "password" with a red "Wrong
Password" error.

o Illustration: A hacker character (simplified, non-threatening) effortlessly walking through an

open door or gate.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Many people use simple passwords like '123456', 'password', or their birthdate."

o What happened: "Hackers use special programs to quickly guess these common passwords,
gaining access to your emails, social media, or even bank accounts."

o Real-Life Connection: "Think about the social media accounts you've heard about being hacked –
often, weak passwords are to blame."

Slide 8: Protection Tip 2: Your Password is Your Digital Lock

 Title: Remedy: Create Strong, Unique Passwords

 Key Message: Make your passwords long, complex, and different for each account.

 Visuals:

o Image: A combination lock with various symbols (letters, numbers, special characters) visible on
its dials.

o Checklist/Infographic:

 DO: Use a mix of:

 Uppercase letters (A, B, C)

 Lowercase letters (a, b, c)

 Numbers (1, 2, 3)

 Symbols (!@#$)

 DO: Make it at least 12-14 characters long.

  DO NOT: Use personal info (name, birthdate).

 DO NOT: Use the same password for multiple accounts.

 Tip: Consider a password manager app to remember them all! (Icon: A small key vault)

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Think of a password as a strong, unique lock for each of your online doors."

o "The longer and more complex it is, the harder it is for anyone to break."

Slide 9: Real-Life Example 3: The Public Wi-Fi Trap

 Title: Scenario 3: Free Wi-Fi, Hidden Dangers

 Key Message: Be cautious when using public, unsecured Wi-Fi networks.

 Visuals:

o Image: People sitting in a coffee shop or airport, happily using their devices. An overlayed
diagram shows data flowing from their devices unencrypted to a public Wi-Fi router, with a
shadowy figure intercepting it.

o Icon: An open padlock next to a Wi-Fi symbol.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Free Wi-Fi at a cafe or airport is convenient."

o What happened: "On unsecured public Wi-Fi, criminals can easily 'eavesdrop' on your internet
connection. They can see what you're doing, like logging into your bank or checking emails."

o Real-Life Connection: "Stories of credit card details being stolen while shopping online on public
Wi-Fi are sadly common."

Slide 10: Protection Tip 3: Secure Your Connection

 Title: Remedy: Protect Yourself on Public Networks

 Key Message: Avoid sensitive activities on public Wi-Fi.

 Visuals:

o Image: A smartphone or laptop with a "VPN On" status or a tunnel icon representing a secure
connection.

o Split Diagram:

 Left (Red X): Public Wi-Fi symbol with a crossed-out bank icon and shopping cart icon.

 Right (Green Check): Mobile data symbol or a VPN icon with a bank icon and shopping
cart.

 Content/Talking Points:
 o "Avoid: Don't do online banking, shopping, or access sensitive accounts on public Wi-Fi."

o "Use: Prefer your mobile data for sensitive tasks, or wait until you are on your secure home Wi-
Fi."

o "Consider: A VPN (Virtual Private Network) encrypts your connection and is like a private tunnel
for your data, even on public Wi-Fi."

Slide 11: Real-Life Example 4: Ignoring Software Updates

 Title: Scenario 4: The Outdated Software Risk

 Key Message: Old software is like an unlocked door for cyber threats.

 Visuals:

o Image: A smartphone or laptop screen showing an old software version (e.g., "Software Update
Available: Install Now?" with a 'Remind Me Later' button heavily highlighted).

o Illustration: A house with clearly visible cracks in its walls or a door left ajar, representing
vulnerabilities.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Your phone, computer, and apps regularly ask you to update them."

o What happened: "These updates aren't just for new features. They often include critical 'security
patches' that fix weaknesses. Ignoring them leaves open doors for viruses and hackers."

o Real-Life Connection: "Major cyberattacks in the past have exploited known weaknesses in
outdated software that people failed to update."

Slide 12: Protection Tip 4: Keep Everything Up-to-Date

 Title: Remedy: Regular Updates for Your Digital Health

 Key Message: Always update your devices and apps as soon as new versions are available.

 Visuals:

o Image: A progress bar or a loading screen indicating an update, with a 'Success!' message and a
checkmark.

o Icons: A collection of common app icons (WhatsApp, Chrome, Banking App) and operating
system logos (Android, iOS, Windows) with a green checkmark over each.

o Calendar Icon: Highlighting 'Weekly Check' or 'Automatic Updates'.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Updates are like vaccines for your digital devices – they protect you from new threats."

o "Enable automatic updates whenever possible, or make it a habit to check for them weekly."
Slide 13: Real-Life Example 5: The Oversharing on Social Media

 Title: Scenario 5: Sharing Too Much Online

 Key Message: What you share publicly can be used against you.

 Visuals:

o Image: A social media post showing someone's boarding pass, vacation photos from a remote
location, or a child's school uniform with their name visible.

o Illustration: A shadowy figure observing someone's social media feed, taking notes.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "We love sharing our lives on social media."

o What happened: "Criminals actively check social media. Posting your vacation dates tells them
your home is empty. Sharing too much personal info (birthdate, pet's name) can help them
guess your passwords or answer security questions."

o Real-Life Connection: "There have been cases of burglaries after people posted their travel plans
online, or identity theft using publicly available information."

Slide 14: Protection Tip 5: Guard Your Personal Information

 Title: Remedy: Think Before You Post or Share

 Key Message: Be selective about what you share publicly online.

 Visuals:

o Image: A person holding a smartphone, with a thought bubble above their head showing a 'No
Entry' sign or a question mark over certain types of information (e.g., flight tickets, home
address).

o Infographic:

 DON'T SHARE PUBLICLY:

 Full name, birthdate, address.

 Travel plans (while you're away).

 Photos of sensitive documents.

 DO:

 Check privacy settings on social media.

 Share only with people you trust.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Once something is online, it's very hard to remove."

 o "Adjust your privacy settings on social media platforms."

o "Only share personal details with trusted websites or people you know offline."

Slide 15: Your Digital Safety Toolkit: Key Takeaways

 Title: Simple Steps to Stay Safe Online

 Key Message: Remember these 5 golden rules!

 Visuals: Five large, distinct icons, each representing a key tip.

o Icon 1: Question Mark / Magnifying Glass: "1. Be Suspicious: Verify before you click."

o Icon 2: Strong Lock / Key: "2. Strong Passwords: Make them long and unique."

o Icon 3: Shield / VPN Tunnel: "3. Secure Your Connection: Be careful on public Wi-Fi."

o Icon 4: Up Arrow / Refresh Symbol: "4. Keep Updated: Install software updates."

o Icon 5: Lock over a Person / Private Eye: "5. Guard Your Info: Think before you share online."

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Following these simple rules can protect you from most cyber threats."

o "Cyber security is a shared responsibility – we all need to be aware."

Slide 16: Questions & Further Help

 Title: Any Questions? Let's Talk!

 Key Message: Your questions are welcome!

 Visuals:

o Image: A friendly group of people discussing, or a stylized icon of a person asking a question.

o QR Code (Optional): Link to a reliable cyber security resource (e.g., CERT-In or NPCI's cyber
safety tips).

o Contact Info (Optional): Your email or a website for more information.

 Content/Talking Points:

o "Thank you for listening!"

o "Now, I'm happy to answer any questions you might have."

o "Remember, staying safe online is an ongoing journey. Keep learning!"

In today’s digital age, cyber security has become a vital concern for individuals and organisations alike. With the
increasing reliance on technology and the internet, the threat of cyber-attacks has never been greater. But what
is cyber security and why is it so important?

What Is Cyber Security?

Cyber security, also known as information security, is the practice of protecting your business’ computer
systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction.
It encompasses a wide range of technologies, processes, and policies designed to safeguard against cyber
threats such as hacking, phishing, malware, and other forms of cybercrime.

One of the main goals of cyber security is to protect sensitive information. This includes personal information
and other financial data, as well as confidential business information such as trade secrets and intellectual
property. Ensuring the integrity, availability, and confidentiality of this information is crucial for the protection of
individuals, businesses, and national security.
Another important aspect of cyber security is protecting the availability of computer systems and networks.
Downtime due to cyber-attacks can result in lost productivity and revenue for businesses, and can even cause
critical infrastructure to fail. This highlights the importance of organizations having proper incident response
plans and back up and disaster recovery measures in place to minimize the impact of a successful cyber-attack.

In addition to protecting against cyber threats, cyber security also involves compliance with legal and regulatory
requirements. For example, companies handling personal and financial data are typically required to comply
with industry-specific regulations.

So just how many types of cyber security solutions are there?

Common Types Of Cyber Security

Cybersecurity is an ever-evolving field that encompasses a wide range of technologies, processes, and policies.
There are several different types of cybersecurity solutions that organizations can use to protect against cyber
threats. Understanding the different types of cybersecurity is crucial for organizations to develop an effective
defense strategy. Here are some of the most common types of cyber security:

1. Network security: This type of cyber security focuses on protecting an organisation’s network infrastructure,
including routers, switches, and servers. Firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS), and virtual
private networks (VPNs) are common network security solutions.

2. Endpoint security: Here the focus is on protecting the devices used throughout the organisation and the
data stored on them. This includes laptops, desktops, smartphones, and servers. Anti-virus and anti-malware
software, encryption, and two-factor authentication (2FA) are common endpoint security measures. You can
also use specialized applications that are dedicated to securing endpoint devices and protect against attacks
such as keylogging and screen-capture.

3. Application security: This type of cyber security focuses on protecting an organisation’s software
applications from vulnerabilities and attacks. This includes web applications, mobile applications, and cloud-
based services. Secure coding, penetration testing, and runtime application self-protection (RASP) are common
application security solutions.

4. Cloud security: As more and more organisations move their workloads to the cloud, this type of cyber
security is becoming increasingly important. Cloud security solutions include encryption, key management,
identity, and access management (IAM) and other security controls.

5. Information security: The aim is to protect an organisation’s sensitive information, including personal and
financial data. This includes data classification, data loss prevention, and security information and event
management (SIEM).

6. Identity and Access Management (IAM): This type of cyber security focuses on the management and
protection of digital identities. It allows organisations to control access to resources, ensuring that only
authorised users can access sensitive information.

7. Disaster recovery and business continuity planning: It’s critical that your organisation is able to prepare and
recover in case of cyber-attacks, power failures, and other disruptions.

Download This Free Cyber Security Checklist

DOWNLOAD HERE

What Types Of Cyber Security Threats Are There?

Most of us know of the obvious ones like hackers or phishing but there are several other types of cyber security
threats that you need to be aware of such as malware, ransomware, distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks,
Advanced persistent threats (APTs), social engineering and insider threats.

It’s worth noting that new types of threats are emerging continually as technology advances, and new ways to
exploit them are found. So, it’s important for organizations to be vigilant and stay informed about the latest
cyber threats and vulnerabilities.

Cyber Security Tools

Luckily there are many types of cyber security tools to help keep your system secure. Here are some common
types of cybersecurity tools:

Firewalls: Network security systems that control incoming and outgoing network traffic.

Anti-virus/anti-malware software: Programs that detect and remove computer viruses, worms, and other
malicious software.

Intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS): Solutions that detect and prevent unauthorized access to a
computer or network.

Encryption: Tools that protect sensitive information from unauthorized access by converting plain text into
code.

Virtual private networks (VPNs): Secure networks that allow remote users to securely connect to a private
network.
Two-factor authentication (2FA): An additional layer of security that requires users to provide two forms of
identification.

Security information and event management (SIEM): Tools that collect and analyze security-related data from
multiple sources to identify potential threats.

Identity and access management (IAM): A measure to manage and protect digital identities, and control access
to resources.

Penetration testing: Simulate an attack on a computer system or network to identify possible vulnerabilities.

Disaster recovery and business continuity planning: Prepare for and recover from cyber-attacks and other
disruptions with good planning.

Web Application Firewall (WAF): These protect web applications from various types of attacks like SQL
injection, cross-site scripting, and other threats.

Cloud security tools: Protect cloud-based data and applications from unauthorized access, configuration errors,
and other threats.

Network monitoring and analysis tools: These tools continuously monitor network traffic and identify any
suspicious activities, anomalies or intrusions.

Data Loss Prevention (DLP): Monitor data and endpoints, identify sensitive data, and prevent them from being
leaked.

These are just a few examples of the many different types of cybersecurity tools available. It’s important for
organisations to evaluate their specific security needs and choose the tools that best meet those needs.

Cyber Security Best Practices

It’s important to keep in mind that no single tool can provide complete protection from cyber threats, so a
combination of different tools is often necessary with on-going pro-active cybersecurity management.