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 Contents vii

SECTION 8
DELIVERY

27. Vaginal Delivery............................... 182 30. Cesarean Delivery and Peripartum

Hysterectomy.................................... 200
28. Breech Presentation........................... 187
31. Prior Cesarean Delivery...................... 207
29. Operative Vaginal Delivery................. 195

SECTION 9
THE NEWBORN

32. The Newborn Infant........................... 214 34. The Preterm Newborn........................ 228
33. Diseases and Injuries of the 35. Stillbirth........................................... 234
Term Newborn................................. 222

SECTION 10
THE PUERPERIUM

36. The Puerperium................................. 242 38. Contraception.................................. 254

37. Puerperal Complications..................... 248 39. Sterilization...................................... 262

SECTION 11
OBSTETRICAL COMPLICATIONS

40. Hypertensive Disorders....................... 268 43. Postterm Pregnancy............................ 289

41. Obstetrical Hemorrhage..................... 275 44. Fetal-Growth Disorders....................... 295
42. Preterm Birth..................................... 283 45. Multifetal Gestation........................... 300

MCGH413-FM_pi-x.indd 7 16/08/18 4:06 PM

 viii Contents

SECTION 12
MEDICAL AND SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS

46. General Considerations and Maternal 56. Hematological Disorders.................... 365

Evaluation........................................ 308 57. Diabetes Mellitus............................... 372
47. Critical Care and Trauma................... 312 58. Endocrine Disorders........................... 378
48. Obesity........................................... 319 59. Connective Tissue Disorders................ 384
49. Cardiovascular Disorders.................... 324 60. Neurological Disorders...................... 388
50. Chronic Hypertension........................ 331 61. Psychiatric Disorders.......................... 395
51. Pulmonary Disorders.......................... 338 62. Dermatological Disorders.................... 400
52. Thromboembolic Disease.................... 343 63. Neoplastic Disorders......................... 405
53. Renal and Urinary Tract Disorders........ 348 64. Infectious Diseases............................ 412
54. Gastrointestinal Disorders.................... 353 65. Sexually Transmitted Infections............. 418
55. Hepatic, Biliary, and
Pancreatic Disorders.......................... 359

Index.......................................................................................................................... 425

MCGH413-FM_pi-x.indd 8 16/08/18 4:06 PM

 PREFACE

The Williams Obstetrics 25th Edition Study Guide is designed to page guide directs readers to the section of text that contains the
assess comprehension and retention of information presented answer. We hope that our clinical approach to this guide trans-
in Williams Obstetrics, 25th edition. The questions for each lates into a more accurate test of important clinical knowledge.
section have been selected to emphasize the key points from
each chapter. In total, nearly 2100 questions have been created Shivani Patel
from the 65 chapters. Questions are in a multiple-choice format, Scott Roberts
and one single best answer should be chosen for each. With this Vanessa Rogers
edition, we have also included more than 400 full-color and Ashley Zink
ultrasound images as question material. In addition, clinical case Elaine Duryea
questions have been added to test implementation of content Jamie Morgan
learned. At the end of each chapter, answers are found, and a

ix

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 This page intentionally left blank

MCGH413-FM_pi-x.indd 10 16/08/18 4:06 PM

 SECTION 1

OVERVIEW

MCGH413-C01_p01-06.indd 1 16/08/18 3:24 PM

 2

CHAPTER 1

Overview of Obstetrics

1–1. Which of the following is defined as the sum of 1–3. How would the maternal death in Question 1–2 be
stillbirths and neonatal deaths per 1000 total births? classified?
a. Fetal death rate a. Perinatal death
b. Infant mortality rate b. Nonmaternal death
c. Perinatal mortality rate c. Direct maternal death
d. Neonatal mortality rate d. Indirect maternal death

1–2. A patient presents with severe preeclampsia at 37 weeks’ 1–4. The perinatal period starts after delivery at 20 weeks’
gestation. Labor is induced and she spontaneously gestation or older. When does it end?
delivers a 3260-g neonate. In the delivery room she a. 7 days after birth
complains of a severe headache and suddenly col-
b. 28 days after birth
lapses. She is unable to be resuscitated. An autopsy
reveals the following finding. Based on gestational c. 6 weeks after birth
age, how would her neonate be classified? d. 1 year after birth

1–5. Which of the following is an example of an indirect

maternal death?
a. Septic shock following an abortion
b. Hemorrhage following uterine atony
c. Aspiration following an eclamptic seizure
d. Aortic rupture at 36 weeks’ gestation in a patient
with Marfan syndrome

Reproduced with permission from Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al (eds):
Hypertensive disorders. In Williams Obstetrics, 25th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2018,
Figure 40-10.

a. Postterm
b. Full term
c. Post dates
d. Early term

MCGH413-C01_p01-06.indd 2 16/08/18 3:24 PM

 Overview of Obstetrics 3

1–6. A 30-year-old multigravida presents with ruptured 1–9. Which of the following is defined as the number of
membranes at term but without labor. Following maternal deaths that result from the reproductive
induction with misoprostol, her labor progresses process per 100,000 live births?
rapidly, and she spontaneously delivers a live-

CHAPTER 1
a. Maternal mortality rate
born 3300-g neonate. Immediately after delivery,
b. Maternal mortality ratio
she complains of dyspnea. She becomes apneic
and pulseless and is unable to be resuscitated. c. Direct maternal death rate
Photomicrographs from her autopsy reveal fetal d. Pregnancy-related death rate
squames (arrows) within the pulmonary vasculature.
How would her death be classified? 1–10. A 26-year-old woman is brought to the emergency
department with abdominal pain and dizziness. On
exam she is found to be pale and tachycardic. Her
urine pregnancy test is positive and her hemoglobin
is 5 g/dL. Bedside ultrasound reveals a left adnexal
mass and free fluid. She is taken to the operating
room for a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. While in the
operating room she arrests and is unable to be resus-
citated. How would her death be classified?

a. Perinatal death
b. Nonmaternal death
c. Direct maternal death
d. Indirect maternal death

1–7. A patient presents at 22 weeks’ gestation with

spontaneous rupture of membranes and delivers a
489-g male infant who dies at 4 hours of life. Her last
menstrual period and early sonographic evaluation
a. Perinatal death
confirm her gestational dating. All except which of the b. Nonmaternal death
following definitions accurately apply to this delivery? c. Indirect maternal death
a. Abortus d. Pregnancy-related death
b. Preterm neonate
c. Early neonatal death 1–11. Most infant deaths occur in which of the following
groups?
d. Extremely low birthweight
a. Low-birthweight infants
1–8. Which of the following is accurate regarding pregnancy b. Infants of diabetic mothers
rates in the United states? c. Infants with congenital anomalies
a. The fertility rate has been stable since 1990. d. Infants with chromosome abnormalities
b. The lowest birth rate ever was recorded in 2015.
c. The birth rate increased for adolescents in 2015.
d. More than half of births in the United States are
unintended at the time of conception.

MCGH413-C01_p01-06.indd 3 16/08/18 3:24 PM

 4 Overview

1–12. Which of the following is the most common cause 1–16. All except which of the following is an example of a
of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States? “near miss”?
a. Sepsis a. A postpartum patient who falls in the shower
without injury
SECTION 1

b. Hemorrhage
c. Cardiovascular b. High spinal anesthesia resulting in intubation,
admission to the intensive-care-unit, and a
d. Thromboembolism ventilator-associated pneumonia
1–13. Which of the following explains the trend on this c. Failure to give Rh immunoglobulin to a
graph? Rh-negative postpartum patient who ultimately
has no change in antibody screen
24
d. A delay in sending the human immunodeficiency
23
virus (HIV) screening test of a laboring patient
who ultimately has a negative test result
22
Maternal mortality rate
(per 100,000 births)

1–17. For every maternal death that occurs in the United

21 States, how many women experience a severe
morbidity?
20
a. 50
19 b. 100
c. 200
18
d. 500

0 1–18. Which of the following is a severe maternal

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
morbidity indicator?
Year
a. Hypertension
Data from MacDorman MF, Declercq E: Trends and characteristics of United States out-
of-hospital births 2004–2014: new information on risk status and access to care. Birth b. Cystic fibrosis
43(2):116, 2016a. MacDorman MF, Declercq E, Cabral H, et al: Recent increases in c. Sickle cell crisis
the U.S. maternal mortality rate: disentangling trends from measurement issues. Obstet
Gynecol 128(3):447, 2016b. d. Systemic lupus erythematosus

a. An increase in maternal deaths 1–19. Which of the following is a lesson from former
b. Improved reporting of maternal deaths President Barack Obama’s summary of the
Affordable Care Act?
c. More pregnant women suffer from severe chronic
health conditions a. Pragmatism is important
d. All of the above b. Special interests pose an obstacle to change
c. Change is difficult in the face of
1–14. Which of the following obstetrical complications hyperpartisanship
contributes the least to the pregnancy-related death d. All of the above
rate in the United States?
a. Infection 1–20. Medicaid insures approximately what percentage of
b. Preeclampsia the births in the United States?
c. Amniotic fluid embolus a. 25%
d. Anesthetic complications b. 33%
c. 48%
1–15. Which racial group has the highest maternal d. 62%
mortality rate?
a. White
b. Black
c. Asian
d. Hispanic

MCGH413-C01_p01-06.indd 4 16/08/18 3:24 PM

 Overview of Obstetrics 5

1–21. What insurance type covered more than half of 1–27. For which of the following purposes would fetal
all hospital stays for preterm and low-birthweight chromosomal microarray analysis be potentially
infants? beneficial?

CHAPTER 1
a. Medicaid a. Evaluating a stillborn fetus
b. Medicare b. Screening the fetus of an advanced-age mother
c. Private insurance c. Evaluating the fetus with trisomy 21 and a double-
d. Health maintenance organizations outlet right ventricle
d. Screening the fetus at 12 weeks’ gestation whose
1–22. Which of the following is a cause of excessive health mother personally carries a balanced translocation
care costs in the United States?
a. Greater life expectancy 1–28. Which of the following contributes to the current
health care fiscal crisis?
b. Better healthcare outcomes
a. Prices for surgical procedures
c. Greater use of medical technology
b. Prices charged by health insurance companies
d. All of the above
c. Expensive interventions without robust evidence
1–23. Which of the following best describes the primary d. All of the above
role of the Ob/Gyn hospitalist?
a. Assist other obstetricians in procedures 1–29. What population is most affected by governmental
interference with the reproductive rights of women?
b. Be a backup for physicians taking calls from
home a. Immigrants
c. Care for hospitalized patients who have no b. Black women
primary doctor c. Rural population
d. Care for hospitalized obstetrical patients and help d. Indigent population
manage their emergencies
1–30. The increase in opioid abuse in pregnancy has led to
1–24. What do some hospitals hope to gain by having an which of the following?
Ob/Gyn hospitalist? a. A rise in neonatal abstinence syndrome
a. Less cost b. Increase in intrauterine growth restriction
b. Fewer near misses c. Improvement in pain control during labor
c. Improved quality and safety d. Increase in neurologic anomalies diagnosed in
d. Improved patient satisfaction utero

1–25. What percentage of home births are attended by 1–31. A 16-year-old G1 delivers an infant with a complex
nurse midwives certified by the American Midwife congenital heart defect. The death of the newborn
Certification Board? at 5 days of life due to the congenital heart defect
a. 26% would be counted in which of the following rates?
b. 33% a. Infant mortality rate
c. 52% b. Perinatal mortality rate
d. 78% c. Early neonatal death rate
d. All of the above
1–26. Which of the following is accurate regarding home
birth in the United States? 1–32. As the patient in Question 1–31 makes family
a. The American College of Obstetricians and planning decisions in the postpartum period,
Gynecologists endorses home births which of the following will cause her to be most
affected by governmental interference with women’s
b. They are associated with a higher perinatal
reproductive rights?
mortality rate than births occurring in medical
facilities a. Age
c. Randomized trials suggest their outcomes are b. Ethnicity
equivalent to those of births occurring in medical c. Pregnancy within the last year
facilities d. Prior child with a congenital anomaly
d. None of the above

MCGH413-C01_p01-06.indd 5 16/08/18 3:24 PM

 6 Overview

CHAPTER 1 ANSWER KEY

Question Letter Page

SECTION 1

number answer cited Header cited

1–1 c p. 3 Definitions
1–2 d p. 3 Definitions
1–3 c p. 3 Definitions
1–4 b p. 3 Definitions
1–5 d p. 3 Definitions
1–6 c p. 3 Definitions
1–7 a p. 3 Definitions
1–8 d p. 4 Pregnancy Rates in the United States
1–9 b p. 4 Definitions
1–10 d p. 4 Definitions
1–11 a p. 5 Infant Deaths
1–12 c p. 5 Maternal Mortality
1–13 d p. 5 Maternal Mortality
1–14 d p. 5 Maternal Mortality
1–15 b p. 6 Maternal Mortality
1–16 b p. 6 Severe Maternal Morbidity
1–17 c p. 6 Severe Maternal Morbidity
1–18 c p. 7 Table 1-3
1–19 d p. 6 Obamacare and Medicaid
1–20 c p. 7 Obamacare and Medicaid
1–21 a p. 7 Obamacare and Medicaid
1–22 c p. 7 Maternal and Infant Health Care Costs
1–23 d p. 8 The Ob/Gyn Hospitalist
1–24 c p. 8 The Ob/Gyn Hospitalist
1–25 b p. 8 Home Births
1–26 b p. 8 Home Births
1–27 a p. 8 Genomic Technology
1–28 d p. 8 Maternal and Infant Health Care Costs
1–29 d p. 9 Family Planning Services
1–30 a p. 9 Opioid Abuse in Pregnancy
1–31 d p. 3 Definitions
1–32 a p. 9 Family Planning Services

MCGH413-C01_p01-06.indd 6 16/08/18 3:24 PM

 SECTION 2

MATERNAL ANATOMY
AND PHYSIOLOGY

MCGH413-C02_p07-13.indd 7 16/08/18 3:29 PM

 8

CHAPTER 2

Maternal Anatomy

2–1. Which artery is frequently encountered when a 2–4. The labia minora is invested by which of the
Pfannenstiel skin incision is performed during a following structures?
cesarean delivery? a. Hair follicles
a. Hypogastric artery b. Eccrine glands
b. Inferior epigastric artery c. Apocrine glands
c. Superficial epigastric artery d. Sebaceous glands
d. Superficial circumflex iliac artery
2–5. Which of the following does not perforate the
2–2. Which artery should be found and ligated prior to vestibule?
the performance of a Maylard incision? a. Urethra
a. Hypogastric artery b. Skene glands
b. Inferior epigastric artery c. Bartholin glands
c. Superficial epigastric artery d. All perforate the vestibule
d. Superficial circumflex iliac artery
2–6. The posterior vaginal wall’s vascular supply primarily
2–3. Chronic pain may develop in the area of a comes from which artery?
Pfannenstiel skin incision if which of the following a. Uterine artery
nerves are severed or entrapped?
b. Hypogastric artery
c. Middle rectal artery
d. Internal pudendal artery

2–7. Which of the following is not a component of the

perineal body?
a. Iliococcygeus muscle
b. Pubococcygeus muscle
c. Bulbospongiosus muscle
d. Superficial transverse perineal muscle

2–8. Which of the following muscles compose the levator

ani muscle?
a. Puborectalis
b. Iliococcygeus
Modified with permission from Corton MM: Anatomy. In Hoffman BL, Schorge JO, c. Pubococcygeus
Bradshaw KD, et al (eds): Williams Gynecology, 3rd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill Education,
2016, Figure 38-3.
d. All of the above

a. Femoral nerve
b. Subcostal nerve
c. Intercostal nerve
d. Iliohypogastric nerve

MCGH413-C02_p07-13.indd 8 16/08/18 3:29 PM

 Maternal Anatomy 9

2–9. Which of the following statements regarding the 2–14. During a postpartum hysterectomy for intractable
borders of the ischiorectal fossae is incorrect? bleeding, a Heaney clamp is placed on the uterine
a. Anterior border: inferior border of the posterior artery near its insertion to the uterus. What is the
relationship between the ureter and uterine artery at

CHAPTER 2
triangle
this point?
b. Medial border: anal sphincter complex and fascia
of the levator ani a. The ureter is 2 cm medial to the uterine artery at
this location.
c. Lateral border: obturator internus muscle fascia
and ischial tuberosity b. The ureter is 2 cm medial to the uterine artery
and crosses under it.
d. Posterior border: gluteus maximus muscle and
sacrotuberous ligament c. The ureter is 2 cm lateral to the cervix and crosses
over the uterine artery.
2–10. Which combination of structures provides support d. The ureter is 2 cm lateral to the cervix and crosses
for fecal continence? under the uterine artery.
a. Internal and external anal sphincter
2–15. The vascular supply of the uterus comes from which
b. External anal sphincter and levator ani muscle
of the follow arteries?
c. Puborectalis muscle and internal anal sphincter
a. Uterine artery
d. Puborectalis muscle and external anal sphincter
b. Sampson artery
2–11. A 33-year-old nulligravida undergoing labor without c. Middle sacral artery
anesthesia arrests at +2 station. You decide to perform d. Middle rectal artery
an outlet forceps delivery with a pudendal nerve
block. What is the landmark you use to perform the 2–16. Which of the following arteries comes off the posterior
nerve block? division of the internal iliac artery?
a. Ischial spine
b. Sacrospinous ligament
c. Sacrotuberous ligament
d. All of the above

2–12. Which of the following statements is accurate in

regard to the uterus?
a. It is made up of two equal parts.
b. The bulk of uterine tissue is fibroelastic tissue.
c. Visceral peritoneum covers the anterior surface.
d. Pregnancy stimulates uterine growth through
hyperplasia.

2–13. Which of the following refers to the blue tint of the

cervix that is due to increased cervical vascularity in
pregnancy? Reproduced with permission from Corton MM: Anatomy. In Hoffman BL, Schorge JO,
Bradshaw KD, et al (eds): Williams Gynecology, 3rd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill Education,
a. Hegar sign 2016, Figure 38-12.

b. Goodell sign
c. Chadwick sign a. Uterine artery

d. All of the above b. Obturator artery

c. Superior vesical artery
d. Superior gluteal artery

MCGH413-C02_p07-13.indd 9 16/08/18 3:30 PM

 10 Maternal Anatomy and Physiology

2–17. Which of the following statements regarding the 2–21. The mobility of which joint aids in the delivery of
pelvic visceral innervation is inaccurate? the obstructed shoulder in the case of a shoulder
a. Parasympathetic innervation is from L4–S1. dystocia?
a. Sacroiliac
SECTION 2

b. Origins of sympathetic innervation is from

T10–L2. b. Sacrococcygeal
c. The superior hypogastric plexus is also known as c. Pubic symphysis
the presacral nerve. d. All of the above
d. The pelvic plexus is the result of blending of the
sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. 2–22. Which of the following is the correct anatomical
description of the ureter?
2–18. Which of the following is the correct anatomic a. Passes just lateral to the ovarian vessels
progression of the fallopian tube from proximal to
b. Lies inferolateral to the uterosacral ligaments
distal?
c. Crosses underneath the bifurcation of the
a. Isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum
common iliac artery
b. Ampulla, infundibulum, isthmus
d. Lies medial to the anterior branches of the
c. Infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus internal iliac artery as it descends in the pelvis
d. Ampulla, isthmus, infundibulum
2–23. The pelvic ureter receives blood supply from which
2–19. A cross-section of the extrauterine fallopian tube of the following blood vessels?
contains which of the following? a. Uterine
b. Internal iliac
c. Common iliac
d. All of the above

2–24. Which plane is the plane of least pelvic dimensions?

a. The plane of the midpelvis
b. The plane of the pelvic inlet
c. The plane of the pelvic outlet
d. None of the above

2–25. The pelvic inlet is bounded by which of the

following?
a. Posteriorly by the promontory
b. Laterally by the linea terminalis
Reproduced with permission from Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al (eds):
Maternal anatomy. In William Obstetrics, 25th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2018,
c. Anteriorly by horizontal pubic rami
Figure 2-14. Photo contributor: Dr. Kelley S. Carrick. d. All of the above

a. Myosalpinx
b. Mesosalpinx
c. Endosalpinx
d. All of the above

2–20. Which bones make up the pelvis?

a. Sacrum
b. Coccyx
c. Innominate
d. All of the above

MCGH413-C02_p07-13.indd 10 16/08/18 3:30 PM

 Maternal Anatomy 11

2–26. Which of the following does not characterize the 2–28. What is the most common Caldwell-Moloy
obstetric conjugate? anatomical pelvis?

CHAPTER 2
Reproduced with permission from Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al (eds):
Reproduced with permission from Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al (eds): Maternal anatomy. In William Obstetrics, 25th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2018,
Maternal anatomy. In William Obstetrics, 25th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2018, Figure 2-17.
Figure 2-16.

a. Android
a. It cannot be directly measured. b. Gynecoid
b. It normally measures 11 cm or more. c. Anthropoid
c. It is the least clinically important diameter of the d. Platypelloid
pelvic inlet.
d. It is the shortest distance from the sacral 2–29. A 22-year-old primigravida presents in active labor
promontory and the symphysis pubis. at 5 cm and -2 station. Which of the following is
true?
2–27. Which of the following is accurate regarding the
a. The fetal head is engaged.
midpelvis?
b. The biparietal diameter has reached the level of
a. Contains the smallest pelvic diameter
the midpelvis.
b. Serves as the point to measure station
c. The biparietal diameter has reached the level of
c. Is marked by the interspinous diameter the pelvic inlet.
d. All of the above d. None of the above

2–30. Regarding the patient in Question 2–29, 2 hours

later she is 8 cm dilated and the fetal head is noted
to be at 0 station. Which of the following is true?
a. The fetus is too big to fit through her pelvis.
b. Internal rotation of the fetal head to transverse
should be occurring.
c. The top of the fetal head is noted at the level of
the midpelvic interspinous diameter.
d. None of the above

MCGH413-C02_p07-13.indd 11 16/08/18 3:30 PM

 12 Maternal Anatomy and Physiology

2–31. After three more hours the patient in Question 2–29 2–32. The fetal head presents at +5 station in a transverse
is completely dilated and the head is at +5 station. diameter. What is the most likely pelvic shape?
Which of the following is true? a. Android
a. The caput may be visualized at the level of the
SECTION 2

b. Gynecoid
introitus.
c. Anthropoid
b. The caput is now 5 cm distal to the midpelvic
interspinous diameter. d. Platypelloid
c. The fetal head has most likely internally rotated
into an occiput anterior presentation.
d. All of the above

MCGH413-C02_p07-13.indd 12 16/08/18 3:30 PM

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136 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885.

O. IL— 163. B FIELDS. I. Account written by Mrs. H., /tec C. In the
year 1877, my mother, the widow of Admiral R. C., with her two
daughters, went to live at a place called "B — —fields" * * * in the
lease. * * * It was an old house, lull •cut somewhere in the roof.
The rent seemed extraordinarily small — £80 a year with taxes —
especially as there were about seven acres of fine grass fields. * *
After they were settled and a little building done and a great deal of
money spent — the lease was for 7, 14, 21 years — I heard a
whisper that the house was haunted. I knew a young lawyer, Mr. S.,
who had managed all the business of B — —fields, and I asked him
to dinner to question him. He said a black figure haunted the house,
that he had seen it, and that it appeared only in the months of
November and January. I was very angry at his telling my sister, ivho
had to live there, this, and I tried to persuade myself and her it was
all a giddy young man's invention. The following Christmas, 1877, I
went to stay at B fields ; the house had been painted and papered
with the most cheerful tints, the weather sunny, sparkling with hoar
frost ; we were a merry party. It didn't seem the least like a haunted
place, and ghosts seemed quite impossible. When the month of
January came I remembered the story, and I confess I peeped about
in a great fright, expecting some awful shape in every fold of
drapery, every corner, every shadow ; but 10 days passed, the whole
month passed, and I made up my mind it was all nonsense, and I
had completely Jot-gotten it. One night, the last of January, I was
coining out of my room to wish my mother good-night in her room,
near. It was nearly 11, the landing on which my door opened was lit
with two large spirit lamps, flooded with light. Opposite to me,
against the brightly lit up wall, stood a huge black figure. It is
difficult to describe, it was larger than life, almost touched the
ceiling, an a urfully st iff thing, covered with black mantle over head
and all ; I could see no face. I felt as if it warned me away : don't
come near, don't touch me ! ! I did not feel the least fear, only a sort
of breathless surprise, an intense anxiety to look at it before it was
gone. While I looked one might have counted 20 ; it disappeared
from the feet upwards, and was gone into the air. I could see again
the light wall, and the pictures that had been hidden by the huge,
solid black figure. I did not feel the least afraid. I passed the place
where it had stood, went to my mother's room, talked to her a little.
I only felt I must tell no one ; but when I got to my room a terror
fell upon me. The maid slept in the room, but I did not tell her
anything. I thought they have to Jim here, and if they know they will
all run out of the house. The next day I went on a visit to Mrs. S., W
Hall , Shrewsbury. She can testify to my telling her all this directly —
of the nervous state I was in, could not be left alone, and for
months I could not wear my black velvet dress
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Dec., 1885.] Journal of Society for Psychical Research. 1»57

(my favourite dress, too) because it reminded me of the awful
blackness of the figure. I have been to B fields many times since,
and often passed the place and wondered could I have imagined it.
There was an angle in the wall near that made a sort of high-
shouldered shadow, but no — what I saw was quite in a different
place ; it hid the picture of the girl holding her hat on in the wind ; it
was much bigger, black, quite different, and vanished. I mention this
only because I am so very anxious to be quite sincere and accurate
in this extraordinary story. The following November, 1878, I went
again to B fields. I had till then kept my resolution not to tell my
family. I found the house much •excited — such an extraordinary
thing had happened in my sister Anna's room. When the maid came
in the morning the large looking-glass was thrown oil the floor, her
necklace, three rows of large jet beads, was on the floor, broken to
pieces, and a scent bottle ; the chair on which her clothes were
hung neatly over the back, had been knocked back into the grate,
and her clothes were half-way up the chimney ! You will say my
sister might have done all this in her sleep, but she had the
peculiarity of being tucked very tightly in bed, so that she could not
move without disarranging the bed-clothes. All was smooth and tight
— she appeared not to have stirred. A chair close to the bed, with
glass of water and very high candlestick, was not moved. She could
not have got out of bed without pushing it away. She is a remarkably
light sleeper, but had heard no sound. My mother had been awake
all night till 6 o'clock, and had heard no sound. The fall of the very
large glass and breaking the necklace must have awakened all —
anyone would think so. Knockings were heard about the house and a
peculiar shriek. The young maids, who slept in a room inside the
cook's room, saw a wonderfully bright light through the door ; they
screamed to the cook, who did not answer. The next morning she
told them she had been held down in bed and could not move or
speak. These servants went away one after the other, giving no
reason. The next January, Hannah Lilley, ladysmaid, who had been
with my mother seven years, and was much trusted by her, was
coming through a lumber room about a dozen yards long, leading
from the back staircase to the front staircase landing (the one above
where I had seen the figure) ; it was the same hour, just when all
had gone to their rooms, 11 o'clock, and the lamps were still lit and
all quite light. She saw a tall black figure leaning over the bannisters,
looking down upon the staircase and other landings ; it had a long
train trailing on the ground. She thought, " It is only those girls
(maids), playing me a trick 1" She came nearer and nearer, seeing
the figure all the time ; when she was •quite close, it crouched along
the bannisters, away from her, and hid behind a curtain drawn over
the door of my sister's room. She followed, drew aside the curtain,
and there ivas nothing ! She opened the door into the room and
there was nothing, only my little sister sitting by the fire reading her
book of devotions, undisturbed and peaceful. She said to Lilley, "
Why do you K
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138 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885.

shake so ? are you cold ? " Lilley could not tell her ; like me, she
thought, " If I tell, everyone^will run out of the house !" The next
morning, also the last day of January, the young housemaid (Ada),
going to light the fire in my mother's room very early, saw a tall,
black figure standing by my sister Anna's door. When she came near
it slid along to the next room (my mother's), and, as she thought,
went in, but the door was locked as usual. At breakfast Ada said to
Lilley, who was a very tall woman, " How early you were up this
morning ; it must have been you I saw at the door of Mrs. C.'s room,
and I thought you went in, but when I got there the door was
locked." This made Lilley feel she had seen it,, too. My eldest sister
is an associate sister of All Saints' Home. She told her confessor, one
of the Cowley Fathers (I think Father B.), about this II appearance."
He said that perhaps it was some poor suffering creature, and said, "
If you, see it try not to be afraid, but ask it if you can help if." One
evening, after dinner, Henrietta was sitting in the drawing-room
where she could see through the door into the hall. My mother was
sitting in another part where she could not see through the door,
playing bezique with my brother. She saw Henrietta staring with a
fixed and terrified look through the door, and called out, " What is
the matter ? what do you see ?" My sister did not answer, and went
out of the room. The next morning she said, ' ' Mother, last night I
sa\r that mysterious thing ; it passed the door with a long train. I
thought of what Father B. said, and followed it, and when it got to
the piano it vanished." My mother spoke to Mr. E., of St. Mary's,
connected with * * about it in my presence, soon after, being very
uneasy, and told him of H.'a fixed look and what she said the next
morning. Mary F.'s Story. Christmas, 1880, I took Mary F. with me to
B fields. She slept in my room. I should describe her as a person
very straightforward, rather too fond of the plain and unpleasant
truth ! ! (if that is possible). She had lived 19 years with # * * On
Christmas morning we all got up to the early celebration. I noticed
Mrs. F. was pale and put out. A few days afterwards she told me she
had been so frightened ! She did not go to sleep directly, but was
wide awake (I was asleep), when she was startled by a brilliant light
in the room, she saw like a chandelier or candlestick, with drops of
crystal light, so bright, like the light of 40 candles. It passed through
the room, though she saw no one carrying it. Then out of a great
cupboard in the wall came a black figure with a sort of hood and
long black pleated train hanging from the very high shoulders. (It is
curious that in the village the story is it has no head ; we none of us
can say, only all speak of the hunched-up shoulders.) It ran eagerly
almost into the light, then both passed through the locked door and
were gone. This room was certainly peculiar. One evening I was
standing by the fire, and something fell from the ceiling, and went
crash into the fender. Mrs. F. and I, both much startled, ooked
everywhere, but could Jind nothing.
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Another time I wanted to be quiet, and locked my door. Something
came and rattled at the lock, and shook the door so violently that
when I opened it my mother had come out of her room, and said,
"What on earth is that shaking your door ? " The servants were all
downstairs at their tea. A blow on the ceiling as if it must crash
through. It was under the roof, and it could not be accounted for. My
sister Henrietta, whose room it was, says what she suffered there
from terror no words can tell. Something used to stamp at the foot
of her bed violently, and a dreadful voice screech her name in her
ear. She was so good. She bore it all rather than the mother should
be distressed. The night we were at the S (hunt) ball, Lilley saw a
huge man's hand come from behind the screen. She looked behind.
There was nothing. Some six or seven of the servants were round
the fire together. They all heard a voice call Lilley three times. They
searched — nothing to be found. As soon as they went back they
heard the voice again. The story is nearly over now. In 1882,
November, we lost our sweet mother. All was broken up, and the
family scattered. I went to London with my brother after all the
sorrow and agitation ; and my sisters were to follow with the
companion, Miss J., as soon as possible. Henrietta was coming to
dinner a few days after, and passing Anna's room she saw the
dreadful figure standing by her bed. Tall, black, taller than life,
nearly touching the ceiling. She could not go in, and she fairly fled.
Something made her look back. She made quite sure to herself that
she saw it. Yes, and she saw it reflected in the glass— the great tall
black figure. * * % * Last summer, at Malvern, I met Miss H. She
belongs to that part of * * * She told me the house, B fields, was
always known to be haunted, and that the people who lived there
before us had constantly seen it. She told me this before she knew I
had been there. I said I am very glad, for some of my family say
that I invented the ghost, and that if I hadn't seen it and put it into
everybody's head, it would never have appeared at all. E. M. T. H.
February, 1884. II. From Mrs. H. March 27th. I have not -been able
before to send you the three enclosed statements, they seem a little
bald by the side of the story they each told me at the time, and
which I related, I believe, quite accurately. Hannah Lilley and Mrs. F
would find ivriting a statement an effort, and not noting down little
details, which in speaking they would be profuse with. But you will
see that the facts are substantially the same. (Signed) E. M. T. H.
P.S. — I ought to explain that Hannah Lilley is now Mrs. Mills, having
married a friend's butler, also that my second sister has been out of
health, but is now quite restored. III. From Miss H. R. C., * * *
March 27th. In the year 1880, I was living at B fields with my
mother, and one evening the maid Lilley told me she saw a black
figure, which was supposed
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140 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885.

to haunt the house, standing outside my bedroom door. It was much
011 my mind, so I spoke to Father B about it. He told me " If I saw
it, to speak to it, as it was an unhappy spirit," he supposed, " that
wanted to be spoken to." One evening, about the middle of January,
I was sitting in the drawing-room opposite the door opening into the
hall, when I saw a long black train slowly pass along as if the figure
had just passed and was dragging the train after it. I remembered
what Father B said, and got up and looked out into the hall, but it
was gone. My mother called out to me: "What are you looking at?" I
did not tell her then for fear of frightening my brother, but the next
morning I told her what I had seen. In December, 1882, after my
dear mother's death, I was running downstairs about 7.30, being
late for dinner ; and passing my sister's room I saw through the
open door a tall black figure by the bed, very tall, very straight, all
black. I did not dare go into the room, but turning the corner,
looking back, I saw it reflected in the glass. I frequently heard three
heavy stamps, like a heavy boot, outside my bedroom door ; and it
used to wake me up out of my sleep at all hours in the night,
stamping in my room by the window. A large cupboard I frequently
locked over night used to be found burst open in the morning. Also I
heard a fierce screech in my ear one night, which called me by my
name three times, a very dreadful unearthly voice. HENRIETTA R. C.
IV. From Mrs. F. March 23rd. Mary F. presents her duty to Mrs. H.,
and I beg to say that I was with Mrs. H. in Mrs. C.'s house at B
fields. I was sleeping in the same bedroom as Mrs. H., and one night
after Mrs. H. had gone to bed, I saw a lady dressed in black, and a
bright light, like 40 candles, come from the wall and walk across the
room, and vanished under the door. Before I could recover my fright
the lady in black and the bright lights had vanished under the door,
and the room was in darkness. One evening I was in the kitchen
with four of the servants, and we all heard a voice calling Lilley
several times, on the back stairs. Knowing that the family had all
gone out, me and Mary went and searched the house, but we found
all the windows and doors fast, and only us five servants in the
house at the time. I do remember something falling from the ceiling
into the fender, one evening in your bedroom, but you nor me could
find anything in the fender. I often heard footsteps on the top
landing, when I have been there alone. I believe the house was
haunted. MARY F . V. From Mrs. Hannah Mills (ne'e Lilley). March
26th, 1884. MADAM, — In answer to your letter, I have written all
out as well as I can remember. I do not remember the date. If you
have dear Mrs. C. 'a old diary — when we told her anything, she
used to put it down. It was all very strange at B fields ; we used to
hear such noises. I remember once I was sleeping in dear Mrs. C.'s
room. She suddenly called me and asked me if I had not been
standing by her bedside. I had never been up. I sometimes thought
it was the figure. You will remember Mary, that was parlour 
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Dec., 1885.] Journal of Society for Psychical Research. 141

maid at B fields, three years. She used to sleep in your room, the
spare room. She has been staying with me. She and I was talking
about it. She told me there was such noises in the room,and one
night you could not sleep, and got up, looked all round the room.
After you was in bed, she could not sleep. Something came and
pulled all the clothes off her (I think she told me she was afraid to
tell you). Mary and Ada was sleeping in their own room ; they both
was awoke by the noise ; they both saw a light under the door and
expected to see someone go in. No one went or knew anything
about it. The looking-glass, too, being put under Miss Anna's
dressingtable, too ; that was odd. I can't believe Miss Anna did it. It
was about 10 o'clock at night, in the month of November, 1880, I
was going through a long passage-room facing Miss C.'s room door.
Standing by the door I saw a long black figure with a plain long skirt
on. I never saw the head ; it seemed to me to be looking over the
stairs or bannisters ; it suddenly disappeared. On another evening 1
was going into Miss Anna's room, the fire was burning brightly ; I
had no light in my hand ; the door was open ; the bed was behind
the door, at the side a screen. When I got to the door I saw a hand
come round the screen, only the hand, the fingers long and white.
The same evening, the ladies were all out, we was all at supper
when we heard some one call Lilley, quite loud. Two of us got up to
see. I quite expected to see the front door open. It was all fast, and
no one came home for an hour after. I have often heard my name
called when no one has been there, and heard the rustle of some
one coming — no footsteps. H. MILLS, Maid to the late Mrs. R. C. G.
II.— 328. From Mr. R. Gibson. Limerick, Wi February, 1884. Before I
do as you request, let me say I am a Free-mason since 1866, and
one who got a good deal of credit at his initiation for perfect
coolness, and was made master of his lodge in 1869, and very few
Masons can say that they were master of a lodge three years after
being initiated. Next I am a man who rides straight to hounds, and
have done so for past 26 years, and am well known here and in Cork
as a man who can ride and drive any sort of horse that was ever
foaled. This not as a boast at all, but simply to show you that God,
in His goodness, has endowed me with pretty strong nerves. I could
give you a score of other proofs from my life that election crowds,
strikes of workmen who swore to kill me, Land League threats, &c.,
&c., never could turn me a hair's breadth from what I considered I
had a right to do ; my answer always being, " You may kill me, that
is easy enough, but you can't frighten me for I have no fear of
death." In spite of all this, I am going to tell you a story that would
be fitter for a fanciful girl to tell than for a teetotaller of many years'
standing to pen. I am a bad hand at trying to draw, but I have done
my best to give you the ground plan of the cottage. The * marks
where the doors were. There was no upstairs, except over the
kitchen. Before I was married in 1866, my servant man and I lived
alone in the cottage.
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142 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885.

One night, when I was out at a Masonic dinner, the man was
standing at the small gate, waiting for my return. He was quietly
smoking ; the time was about 1 a.m. ; he declares he looked up and
down the road and no one was in sight ; the next moment a man
walked in through the gate way, passing right through my servant
man, who immediately dropped down fainting. Very shortly after I
was married, a single sharp rap used to come on the parlour door at
some time during the evening, it might be 8 p.m. one night, and 11
p.m. next ; no regularity of time at all ; and sometimes it would
come every night in succession for a week, or more, and then it
might be a week, or only a couple of nights before it came again. At
first I used to jump up, open the door, find nothing ; search the
whole cottage for a cause, always fail to find any clue whatever ;
then I stopped bothering about it, and used to just call out " Come
in," and take no further notice. The rap never came more than once
during the night. We slept in the bedroom next the parlour. I have
marked where the bedstead stood, and marked the foot of the
bedstead , On that bedroom floor was a very thick old carpet, which
made the door very difficult to open, in fact, it never used to be
open more than an angle of 45 degrees ; you eould not push it open
to a right angle at all. One night I had been very sound asleep ;
suddenly without any cause, I awoke, as broad awake as ever I was
in my whole life ; the thought just had time to flash through my
mind, *' This is very queer, what has awakened me like this ? " when
the handle of the door was turned, and the door flew open to its full
extent ; quick as it happened, I was out of bed, and out through
that doorway almost before the door had ceased to turn on its
hinges. There was nothing to be seen ; I darted down the hall into
the kitchen ; the servant was snoring in her room ; my brotherin-law
was so fast asleep in the bedroom next mine that my going in did
not disturb him. I tried the three doors, they were fast locked, so
was the drawing-room door, and there was no one in the parlour,
w.c., or greenhouse. I gave up the riddle, and went back to my room
and had a regular hard job to shut the door. When I got into bed my
wife asked, "What caused the door to open?" I replied, "I can't tell;
but when did you wake ?" "The moment before the door opened,
and I think I should have died with fright, only you were so quick
out of bed," was the reply. I had a habit of smoking before going to
bed ; I used to stand at the corner of the greenhouse, where I have
put a mark,* and I used to stand my book against a flower-pot on
one shelf of the flower-stand, and my candle 011 the shelf above,
and so read and smoke. One fine lightsome night, I saw a man
coolly walk past, as if going for the coach-house door. I darted for
the door at the end of the greenhouse ; it was locked, and took a
couple of seconds to open. When I got out there was no one there ;
I ran into the kitchen and scullery ; no one visible but the servant ; I
took down the keys of the coach-house, and of the old mill, took my
candle and carefully examined both places ; could find no one. I was
disgusted ; 1 went in fairly ^furious ; told my wife, and vowed if I
caught whoever was up to those pranks, I would give him six
months' in hospital. I watched night after night in the same place,
taking good care * A plan accompanied this communication. — E. G.
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Dec., 1885.] Journal of Society for Psychical Research. 143

always to have the door on the latch, and I can't tell you how often I
saw that man walk in there, coolly as you please, and yet when I got
out there was no one. One day, in the middle of the day, my wife
and the servant were standing near my brother-in-law's bedroom
door, settling something about clothes for the wash, I think, and my
brother-in-law stepped to his room door with something in his hand
; as he did, the servant's eyes dilated in horror, she turned white as
a sheet, and gasped out, * ' Oh Master Lill, he is after walking in
through you." Her terror was so evident that she quite frightened
the others for a couple of moments ; then my wife demanded what
she meant? and the girl gasped out, "A man, ma'am ; a man walked
right into Master LilPs room ; right through Master Lill as he stood in
the doorway." As we could make neither head nor tail of it, we left
the place shortly after, as it was not nice to have people going about
your place that you could not collar and turn out. Besides, the whole
thing seemed so very absurd and without any show of reason about
it. The place passed then to - - and I never heard of his seeing any
spirits . Then another man got the place by purchase, pulled down
the old mill, and has built a very nice modern house there, and I
have not heard his ever being troubled either, so, of course, 99
people out of every 100 would dub me as either a fanciful fool or an
outlawed liar. The only answer I can give is, why don't I fancy such
things anywhere «lse ? and why can't I invent lies about other places
if I could about that ? They are neither fancies nor lies, and they
were going on for about two years find a-half ; so I had a fair
chance of finding out who ever was trying it on if it was a trick. If it
was a trick, I fail to see what it was done for. R. GIBSOX. In answer
to inquiries, Mr. Gibson says : — The servant girl is dead long ago,
and my poor wife has also passed away, and I have entirely lost
sight of the servant man ; he left me years ago. These things
happened in 1866 and 1867. Since I left the Windmill Cottage I have
never heard cr seen anything that could not be accounted for ; but
once, before I came to Limerick, I met, or fancied I met, a person
whom I knew to be long dead. But there was some reason for that
— there was none about the cottage business. G. II.— 358. From
Miss Rosa Frizelle, 2, The Terrace, Farquhar Road, Upper Norwood.
May 12th, 1884. My grandmother, in the winter of 1879, took
apartments in a house in London. She had the drawing-room floor,
consisting of two large rooms and a small dressing-room, in which I
slept when I joined the family later. This room opened on to the flat
roof of the basement offices. On Monday, 21st December^ I went
out shopping, returning home about 4 o'clock, while still quite
daylight. Going towards my room, I noticed on the stairs the figure
of an old and feeble woman, dressed in black, with grey shawl and
poke bonnet. I saw her come downstairs. At the foot our clothes
brushed, there was so little space. She went along a passage which
overlooks the
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144 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885.

tiled hall, and down another stairway. Up this a maid was coming
with a tray ; they passed, and suddenly the old woman vanished.
Much astonished, I questioned the maid, who totally denied having
seen anyone. By this timeI was in the hall. The hall-door had
positively not opened. The maid, fearing burglars, had instituted a
grand search, with no result. Although in constant fear of doing so, I
did not see the old woman again. In April weleft. Then I learned that
I was not the only one who had seen "her," for previous to my
joining the family the nurse had two or three times been terrified by
the appearance of something identical in the nursery ; also, that my
aunt and grandmother, who slept in the room adjoining mine, had
frequently been disturbed by the sound of footsteps crossing and
recrossing the room, a window being then opened, more footsteps
and a door hastily closed in a part of the room where the door had
been blocked up (a fact not then known). A medical man, and very
sceptical, who once witnessed this, said he never "before had felt
inclined to admit the supernatural." At an afternoon tea, several
months later, a gentleman volunteered some curious information to
me, respecting friends of his who had taken apartments in the very
same street as we had. They left because of an old woman who
appeared on the stairs. I never heard as a positive fact that the
house was the same, but it was at the same end of the street.
Unfortunately, I have never succeeded in identifying this gentleman,
though most anxious to do so. Whatever occurred in this house
evidently took place on the flat roof I have alluded to, and possibly
in the month of December. The nurse was Minna Horlock ; she has
left us. Miss N.'s servant we only knew as Gertrude ; she intended
leaving to be married. ROSA FRIZELLE. [The address of the house
and the names of the ladies who keep it have been given to me. —
E. G.] In answer to inquiries, Miss Frizelle says : — 2, The Terrace,
Farquhar Road, Upper Norwood. June 5th. SIR, — The statement
already sent you was a first-hand statement, inasmuch as only the
handwriting was mine, the words being the actual words used by my
aunt. However, the enclosed has been taken down by me from the
aunt who had the greatest experience of the noises, and signed by
her ; if needful her mother could give the same testimony.
Unfortunately the "friend" is quite unknown to any of us, even his
name is doubtful, but probably was " Cox." Our conversation was the
briefest possible ; the acquaintance who introduced me has left
Upper Norwood some time, therefore, it is impossible to even
identify him. So far as I can remember the house was described to
me as being on the left-hand side, between Road and the church,
one of the large houses. The gentleman was not aware of my
experiences, and as I had been forbidden to mention the subject
and fearing ridicule, I let the matter rest until it is now too late for
evidence from that quarter. It was only a few hours previously to my
statement being written that I became aware of our nurse having
previously seen what I saw. I can most solemnly declare I did see
what I have described, and that no idea of anything "uncanny/' in
connection with
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Dec., 1885.] Journal of Society for Psychical Research. 145

that house, had crossed my brain. I was in the best health and
spirits, and singing an air from "Pinafore," when it occurred. R.
FRIZELLE. The medical gentleman's testimony is unobtainable, as he
died 15 months ago. He would have been a most valuable witness,
as far as the noises were concerned ; for I believe he heard them
frequently, and was much puzzled by them. R. FRIZELLE. During our
residence in Street, I heard frequently, from 11 o'clock to 12 o'clock,
footsteps, as if of an agitated person, accompanied by heavy sighs,
a window being opened and then shut ; slowly and gently the
footsteps always died away in one corner of the room, where it
afterwards transpired there had been a door. The noise of a
woman's garments rustling was also heard, and apparently there
were two persons, one following the other. I had no previous
suspicion of such a thing. (Signed) ROSIE DARRACOTT. ELIZA
DARRACOTT. The above are the signatures of my grandmother and
her daughter. The most "noisy" night was the 14th December, 1879.
I have written this from dictation. R. FRIZELLE. G. II.— 388. From
Mrs. Preston, Grammar School, Chester. September 13th, 1883.
Early in the year 1872 my husband and myself, with our only child, a
boy of two years old, were residing in a town of N. Wales. A part of
thehouse we occupied was very old, and the rooms we chiefly used
were in that part. I must premise by saying that, when we went to
the house, nothing had been told us of any noises heard in it, nor
did there seem to be any story or tradition attached to the place.
About March, in 1872, our nurse grew very nervous ; repeatedly she
asserted that her sleep was disturbed by the appearances of
sometimes a woman and child, sometimes two women. She slept
with the boy in a large room (near to our bedroom), which was
divided by a wooden partition into a day and night nursery. One
spring evening, my husband and I came home about 6.30 p.m., and
found the servants considerably excited. The nurse had gone to the
kitchen tea about 5 p.m., leaving our boy with a little under-nurse of
1C. She stated that, coming with her- charge out of the night
nursery, she had seen sitting on the rug in front of the fire a woman
in white, with long black hair, moaning and sobbing ; the girl caught
up the child and rushed down in terror to the kitchen. It was broad
daylight. This ended the troubles of that first year, but the head-
nurse fell into such bad health that her mind became affected, and
she had to go away for some months. After this last affair we made
another nursery. All this time we sincerely believed that some of the
Welsh servants who had been dismissed had been playing tricks on
the English girls, and that one or two Welsh women, still in the
house, were in collusion with them. Strange to say, we were never
troubled with either sights or noises from the beginning of June to
the end of the year. The next distinct incident that I call to mind
occurred in the year 1873, about May. I was away from home, and
having to engage a sewing maid, I found one to suit me in
Shrewsbury, and sent her home a few days.
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146 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885.

before I returned myself . I received a few days after a letter from
my husband, saying that the new maid had arrived. He was
awakened by a shriek between 11 and 12 p.m., and on getting up
found the poor girl in a state of terror, declaring that she had seen,
standing between her bed and the window, the figures of a man and
woman. She was sleeping in the room that had been the old night-
nursery. She had fastened the only door in the room, which was a
very small one and without a fireplace. The door opened into the
day-nursery, and being next to our bedroom was convenient. She
solemnly assured me that she had heard nothing about the former
occurrences in the room. Again the interval of peace came, and we
almost forgot the matter, when 1874 began. Up to this time I had
been exempt from these troubles, and thought but lightly of the
subject. One day in March I had been suffering from a bad attack of
neuralgia. I went to bed soon after 10 p.m., but could not sleep from
the pain. I sat up in bed waiting as patiently as I could for the pain
to abate. Soon after the church clock tolled the quarter after
midnight, I felt a strange shudder come over me, and though all my
faculties were alert I could not move. I heard a knocking at the door
of the old nursery, repeated three times, and a voice calling aloud
for help. The call was repeated several times, yet I could not stretch
out a finger to wake my husband, or find any voice to speak to him,
I seemed to be in a trance ; then another shudder came over me
and I was free, and roused my husband, who got up and searched
the house. I ought to say that I had taken no opiate, •or, in fact,
.anything to eat or drink since our dinner that evening I believe that
I had rubbed a few drops of " Bunter's Nervine " on my teeth, but
that was all. The May succeeding I was again alarmed, but in a
different manner. One of the last Sundays after Easter, I think it was,
— at any rate, about the third in May — I had been to evening
church in company with my husband and a friend of his, and
returned home to supper about 8 p.m. ; it was broad daylight, the
windows of our dining-room open, tea on the table. I was standing
with my back to one window, facing the open door, just taking off
my bonnet, our friend was standing by the fireplace, when I was
conscious of a woman's figure standing in the doorway. I just heard
my friend say, " What's the matter, Mrs. , you look as if you saw a
ghost?" and he came to my .side, and the figure vanished away.
When I could speak, I left the room, and called my husband, and
described the appearance of the figure to him. The woman was very
short, and thick set, not stout, dark hair, and a very flat head ; the
hair grew in a peak on the forehead : the dress was of a greyish
green, the style reminded me of the way my old nurse wore her
dresses, long-waisted, gathered in a peak, and a short full skirt. This
was the last experience I underwent, and shortly after we left the
neighbourhood. There were many minor alarms among servants and
boys during these years, but the one I have related I can vouch for
the truth of. G. PRESTON. This account is both substantially, and, so
far as my own memory of particulars goes, exactly correct. GEORGE
PRESTON, M.A., Clerk in Holy Orders.
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Dec., 1885.] Journal of Society for Psychical Research. 147

G. II.— 427. From Mrs. Mackenzie, Lamingbon House, Tain, Ross-
shire. June 18th, 1884. Among my papers I have found a paper
which I wrote some 18 years ago, when 1 lived in the old Castle.
Since that time I have twice seen the ** old grey man." I left the
house seven years ago, and the people who succeeded us there
have been frightened away by the footsteps. — Yours truly, J. W.
MACKENZIE. August, I860. In the North of Scotland is a house built
on the site of a Bishop's Palace, and forming part of the house is an
old tower, quite entire, and the ancient vaults form the basement
story of the more modern mansion. The tower and vaults are
supposed to have been built in the 13th century. The house has
always had the reputation of being haunted, and many, myself
amongst the number, can tell of a footstep which is often heard, like
the footstep of an old man promenading along a passage at the top
of the house. The peasants in the neighbourhood, when asked to
relate the story of the haunted house, seem to shirk the question,
and their reply invariably is, " Oh, it is an old grey man." Many
families have resided in the house, and in almost all of them could
be found some, one who has either seen or heard something. The
footstep I have heard and shuddered at, but the visible presence of
the "grey man" I did not credit, when the following facts came to my
knowledge, the truth of which I can vouch for. The gentleman
referred to in the following narrative was one who had never heard
that the house in which he was at that time a visitor had the
reputation of being hauntad ; moreover, he was a decided sceptic as
regarded anything supernatural ; he was a Doctor of Divinity, and a
man of high classical attainments. This gentleman, as I have before
remarked, was a visitor in the haunted house, and was assigned the
bedroom which report said was the favourite resort of " the grey
man." Before retiring to rest not a word of warning, either in joke or
otherwise, was said about the possibility of anything supernatural
being seen by our friend. This fact I wish to be understood clearly, to
show that the Reverend Doctor's imagination was in no way acted
upon. After falling asleep he awoke with the feeling that some one
was in his bedroom, and feeling a heavy weight on one side of his
bed. My friend sat up quite awake ; of this he is sure, as he heard
the clock of the neighbouring Cathedral strike the hour, and he also
remarked that the wind was high. Seated on the side of his bed was
an old man, who he first imagined must be an old servant, and he
examined the figure closely ; it was the figure of an old man,
dressed in a thread-bare grey coat, with long white beard and hair,
the latter placed behind the ear, in a style one sometimes sees in an
old picture. Motionless it sat for some minutes, when it rose, walked
round by the bottom of the bed, until reaching the wall beside the
fire it turned and gazed intently on my friend. Then, and not till
then, did he imagine that what he beheld was anything
supernatural. The fiendish face seemed to express the worst
passions that could reach a tormented soul, rendered still more
hideous as the dying firelight cast fitful shadows on it. The chest and
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148 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885.

arms seemed much out of proportion with the rest of the body, in
fact theupper portion seemed to denote the frame of a giant, which
was belied by the small shrunken limbs. Spreading its huge hands on
the wall, and still looking at the bed, it vanished, having been in the
room for half-an-hour. This my friend ascertained by consulting his
watch. It has been alleged that persons who have seen a ghost are
most chary of speaking on the subject ; this was the case of the
Reverend Doctor, who not till months afterwards related the story I
have given above, and he added that no wealth would have tempted
him to have slept another night in the same room. Many tried to
make the worthy divine confess that he might have been mistaken,
but his answer invariably was, " I never believed in ghosts, but I
could place my hand on my Bible and swear that I saw what I have
told you, and that I was as conscious and as awake as I am at
present.'" Since hearing of the above I made many inquiries, and
succeeded in hearing of some who had also seen a grey man, but
who was he ? And what did he want ? Imust confess I built many
chateaux en Espagne, and felt sure that in some turret or wall would
be found a chest of gold, plate, dazzling jewels, and — a skeleton.
In a magazine published many years ago I have become acquainted
with the history of the " Grey Man," the substance of which is as
follows : — In the 16th century, when the palace was in its glory and
a Bishop held almost regal sway within its walls, a Highland chieftain
caused much disturbance in the country, coming with his lawless
band from his fortress in the hills and carrying off cattle, provender,
in fact anything he could lay his hands on. The peasantry
complained to the Bishop, and he, arming his retainers, sent them in
pursuit of the free-booter, who was caught in some Highland glen
and brought in chains to the Bishop's palace. No fate was thought
too cruel for one who had shown himself so merciless to others, and
he was condemned to be confined in one of the vaults of the palace,
chained by the neck to the wall. In this state he was kept for three
years, when death put an end to hissufferings, and his bones were
allowed to whiten in his prison house, bound by the chains which
had defied the mighty chieftain's streng th. No wonder then that
after his death many alleged that they had seen the robber
chieftain's spirit haunting the scene of his degradation and misery,
stealing along with its fiendish face and revengeful eyes. Years
passed on, and large parts of the palace falling to decay, a new
house was built on the old vaults, and attached to one of the towers
of the Bishop's residence, and even in the new house does the "
Grey Man" appear. J. W. MACKENZIE. In answer to inquiries, Mrs.
Mackenzie writes : — June 23rd, 1884. MY DEAR SIR, — The
gentleman was my own uncle, the Rev. Dr. Gibson, of Avoch, and a
man beyond doubt, a most truthful witness. He did not tell us what
he had seen, but left our house very hurriedly next day. Several
months after, he had a large gathering of people in his house, many
of them clergymen, and some talk there was about Spiritualism,
when, one gentleman said, " Doctor, I wonder you are not finding
fault with this
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Dec., 1885.] Journal of Society for Psychical Research. 149

talk, as you will not tolerate such things." The Doctor answered, " I
have quite altered my opinions," and related what I have written to
you in the MS. His daughter came to visit me soon after, but alas !
her father had died, but .so impressed was she with what she had
heard that she repeated word for word what her father had told her,
and this I have done. The castle is Castle, — , and I lived there
almost 19 years. After we left it seven years ago, it was uninhabited
until the Duke of - - laid out a good deal of money on it, and it ranks
now as a shooting lodge. It was taken by General Warrond, of the
Bright Inverness, and Mrs. Warrond told us that she had been
frightened with the feeling of some one in the room with her, so
much that they gave up the place in disgust. The Duke told me that
the Warronds had been terrified by what he called my ghost. I can
only say what my uncle said, "I can lay my hand on my Bible and
swear by the living God that it is true." Of course it would be better
not to publish names, especially as his Grace lets the castle ; as he
has always been courteous to us I should not like to injure his
interests in any way. I was told that last year a young man, a visitor,
had begged his bedroom to be changed, and he seemed quite ill
with fright, but I did not know him, so this is hearsay. When the
footstep was coming I heard it first, or felt it, and would bid others
listen ; it gave me a most uncomfortable feeling, and when it passed
me I felt as if I was enveloped in a cold, damp mist. We had at least
two other visitors, who said they saw the old grey man, but they
were much disinclined to speak on the subject. An old lady, Mrs.
Houstoun, told me that when she was a girl, which must have been
fully 80 years ago, she was visiting in the castle and that many a
time she lay shivering with terror at hearing the footstep. My
husband* Svho is a sheriff of the county, does not believe in ghosts,
but he has heard the footstep and followed it over the house,
thinking some trick was being played. I have noticed that a Scotch
terrier pricked up its ears and followed the steps, and I did so also.
They seemed to lead us into a large room, and the dog sniffed
about, looked up in my face, and gave a howl. I was once very ill, in
fact, at the point of death ; a Highland nurse, who was a long time
with me, told me that the figure came into the nursery and bent
over her. She was so impressed that for years after, while in my
service, she slept with her Bible under her pillow ! — Believe me,
very truly yours, J. W. MACKENZIE. The first time I saw the " old
grey man" was on a fine Sunday in July, about 6 o'clock in the
evening. I was passing along a long lobby past the library, which had
a window exactly opposite the door, thus forming a crosslight and
making any figure in the room doubly visible. I stopped to speak,
thinking it was my husband, when the most dreadful feeling came
over me as if my heart had turned to ice. I stood powerless to move
for some minutes, staring at the figure, which was seated at a table
in the middle of the loom with its arms crossed on a desk. I saw the
grey coat, brass buttons, long * Mr. Mackenzie confirms this, though
sceptical as to any "ghostly" cause. When pressed, however, he
cannot give any explanation which will hold water. He talks of loose
slates ; but admits that the noise made by them could not have
seemed to move about, and also that it is impossible that loose
slates should have remained for years unnoticed and unattended to.
— E.G.
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150 Journal of Society for Psychical Research. [Dec., 1885,

grey hair stuck behind the ears, grey worsted stockings ; the shoes I
did not notice then as having buckles, but the legs were spread at
length under thetable and the shoes were very coarse highlow. A
broad blue Scotch bonnet was on the head. When I recovered
enough to stagger downstairs I told what I had seen. A search was
made, but no one was found upstairs, and if anyone had played a
trick they had no way of getting out of the house but by coming
downstairs. At the time I had no thought of the "grey man," nor had
we been talking of it in any way. The second time I saw it was in
early spring, February, I think. There was a concert in D , an
amateur affair, and I sent all the servants to it, seeing doors locked
and the house cleared myself. My husband brought his papers to the
dining-room, which was on the same flat or storey as the nursery
where I intended sitting. I was coming out of the dining-room door
when I saw something grey go up the staircase towards the
drawing-room and library storey. I imagined at first, " How did
anyone get back ? " thinking it was one of the maids, when the
same feeling came over me as if my heart had become ice, and I
was deathly cold. The staircase was well lighted and I distinctly saw
the same grey figure and the same dress as my uncle had described,
and I noticed the light shining on the brass buttons and the metal
shoe-buckles. I even saw the rough worsted stockings and noticed
the very broad ribbing in them. When the figure got to the top of
two storeys every door and window banged and seemed to be shut
with violence. I had not called out to my husband, as I wished to
see if I could make out where the figure went to and induce him to
go after it. He heard the noises I did, and remarked that the
servants must have left windows open, and that the wind must have
risen. I suggested he should go and close them, and he went
upstairs but soon returned, saying that every door and window was
shut, and the night was clear and calm. I then told him what I had
seen. The footstep is like that of an old man with rather a shuffling
gait, as if one foot was a little lame. I would not have occupied alone
any room in. the castle if I had got the whole county of Sutherland
as a reward. Often I have heard the footstep come along the
passage into my room, and I had always the same feeling, even in
warm weather, of being enveloped in a cold damp mist, and I felt ill
after it, so much so that 1 used to say I felt I should die if I ever
met the grey man again. I have no more superstition than any
average Highlander. I have never seen any Spiritualism experiments,
or any seance, in fact, I should describe myself as being " a plain
practical Scotch woman," who is rather given to believe in some
dreams, and who has had some remarkable ones, and who is very
keenly alive to sight and sound. J. W. MACKENZIE. Mrs. Mackenzie
thinks the first appearance to her occurred about 1870,. and the
second about 1872. Mrs. Mackenzie is known to me ; a good
witness. The first account was written before she herself saiv the
figure. — E. GURNEY. Lamington House, Tain, 8th July, 1884. I have
never had, before or since, an hallucination of any kind, or seen
anything that could be called a ghost. — (Signed) J. W. MACKENZIE.
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