CHAPTER 7: SHEAR FORCE FOR BEAM
7.1 INTRODUCTION
In structural engineering, the analysis of forces and moments acting on a structure is
essential to ensuring its safety and performance. Among the critical internal forces
that need to be understood and evaluated is the shear force in beams. Shear force is a
fundamental concept that plays a crucial role in the design and analysis of structural
elements subjected to various types of loading.
7.1.1 UNDERSTANDING SHEAR FORCE
Shear force in a beam is the internal force that acts along the cross-section of the
beam perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. It arises primarily due to transverse loads,
such as point loads, uniformly distributed loads, and varying distributed loads. The
shear force at any section of the beam is the sum of all vertical forces acting to one
side of that section. It can be visualized as the force that attempts to slide one part of
the beam relative to an adjacent part.
7.1.2 SHEAR FORCE CALCULATION
Shear force in beam is calculated by using the formula :
SF = +
The process of determining shear forces typically involves:
Load Identification: Identifying all external loads acting on the beam,
including point loads, distributed loads, and support reactions.
Section Analysis: Considering sections of the beam and calculating the shear
force by summing the vertical forces on either side of the section.
Shear Force Equations: Developing equations for shear force as functions of
position along the beam.
Constructing SFDs: Plotting the calculated shear forces to create a shear
force diagram.
7.2 SHEAR FORCE CALCULATION TABLES
Table 7.1 Shear Force at Roof Level for Longer Span (DL)
Membe span(m Load Left Right Shear at Left Shear at Right
r ) KN/m Moment Moment End End
A1A2 3.89 17 -10.9 26.31 23.4994473 42.6305527
A2A3 4 17 -25.84 17.04 23.28 44.72
A3A4 2.5 13 -11.2 11.19 7.294 25.206
A4A5 4 17 -17.04 25.85 23.2775 44.7225
A5A6 3.89 17 -26.3 10.9 23.50201799 42.62798201
Table 7.2 Shear Force at Intermediate Level for Longer Span (DL)
Span(m Load Left Right Shear at left Shear at right
Beam ) KN/m moment moment end end
E1 E2
I1 I2
3.89 22.342 -20.98 36.33 28.72254219 58.18783781
M1
M2
E2 E3
I2 I3
4 19.638 -36.09 27.19 23.456 55.096
M2
M3
E3 E4
I3 I4
2.5 19.638 -15.07 15.07 12.4915 36.6035
M3
M4
E4 E5
I4 I5
4 19.638 -27.2 36.06 23.461 55.091
M4
M5
E5 E6
I5 I6 3.89 22.342 -36.33 20.98 28.72254219 58.18783781
M5M6
Table 7.3 Shear Force at Ground Level for Longer Span (DL)
Span(m Load Right Shear at Left Shear at Right
Beam ) KN/m Left moment moment End End
- 4.63794747
Q1Q2 3.89 3.104 1.922182462 9 4.350871275 7.723688725
- 3.11773270
Q2Q3 4 2.25 4.514519712 9 2.591936895 6.408063105
- 2.22917429
Q3Q4 2.5 2.25 2.229174293 3 1.029160565 4.595839435
Q4Q5 4 2.25 -3.1177327 4.51451973 2.591936892 6.408063108
- 1.92218236
Q5Q6 3.89 3.104 4.637947965 3 4.350871175 7.723688825
Table 7.4 Shear Force at Roof Level for Longer Span (LL)
Membe span(m Load Left Right Shear at Left Shear at Right
r ) KN/m Moment Moment End End
- 8.51066492
A1A2 3.89 5.2 3.206614455 6 7.101845918 13.12615408
- 5.09914193
A2A3 4 5.2 8.046136183 2 7.113680471 13.68631953
- 3.26867632
A3A4 2.5 3.68 3.322520844 9 1.963521131 7.236478869
- 7.89191720
A4A5 4 5.2 5.193038163 8 7.128761157 13.67123884
- 3.29679636
A5A6 3.89 5.2 8.096413344 8 7.185154316 11.11357788
Table 7.5 Shear Force at Intermediate Level for Longer Span (LL)
Load Right Shear at left Shear at right
Beam Span(m) KN/m Left moment moment end end
E1 E2
I1 I2 3.89 10.48 -8.860004173 15.36713435 14.15554382 26.61165618
M1 M2
E2 E3
I2 I3 4 10.48 -15.29931654 11.36969905 14.2927461 27.6272539
M2 M3
E3 E4 2.5 7.5 -5.975098872 5.977158847 4.594096912 14.15590309
I3 I4
M3 M4
E4 E5
I4 I5 4 10.48 -11.37267032 15.2920865 14.29381079 27.62618921
M4 M5
E5 E6
I5 I6 3.89 10.48 -15.36767578 8.859859967 14.15544171 26.61175829
M5M6
