Tutorial 4 - Conversion from CLD to SFD
IE2141 Systems Thinking and Dynamics
Dr. LI Haobin, Senior Lecturer
Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management (ISEM)
College of Design and Engineering
National University of Singapore
Arrows in SFD: Relaying of information
Arrows in CFD: Causal Relationshio
IE2141 Systems Thinking and Dynamics – ISEM Department, National University of Singapore
1. Which formula is CORRECT to describe the relationship among the stock,
inflow, and outflow?
A.
Cumulative value
B.
C.
D.
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2. Regarding the Feedback involved in the following stock-flow diagram (SFD),
which statement is CORRECT?
A. There is no feedback.
B. There is reinforcing feedback. As the stock gets bigger, the flow gets bigger
making stock bigger.
C. There is counteracting feedback (balancing loop). As the stock is big, the flow
is big making stock smaller making flow smaller, until the stock reaches zero.
D. There is counteracting feedback (balancing loop). As the stock gets bigger,
the difference gets smaller, making stock increase less, approaching the target
slowly.
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3. Regarding the Feedback involved in the following stock-flow diagram (SFD),
which statement is CORRECT?
A. There is no feedback.
B. There is reinforcing feedback. As the stock gets bigger, the flow gets bigger
making stock bigger.
C. There is counteracting feedback (balancing loop). As the stock is big, the flow
is big making stock smaller making flow smaller, until the stock reaches zero.
D. There is counteracting feedback (balancing loop). As the stock gets bigger,
the difference gets smaller, making stock increase less, approaching the target
slowly.
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4. Regarding the following stock-flow diagram (SFD), where b is assumed to be
constant, which description is CORRECT?
A. The stock value increases by a constant value.
B. The stock value decreases by a constant value.
C. The stock value increases at a rate that is a percentage of the current amount.
D. The stock value decreases at a rate that is a percentage of the current amount.
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5. Regarding the following stock-flow diagram (SFD), where b = A/c, which
description is CORRECT?
A. The stock value increases by a constant value.
B. The stock value decreases by a constant value.
C. The stock value increases at a rate that is a percentage of the current amount.
D. The stock value decreases at a rate that is a percentage of the current amount.
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6. What are the types of feedback loop implied by (1) and (2) in the following
stock-flow diagram?
Births
Population
A. (1) Balancing (2) Balancing
B. (1) Balancing (2) Reinforcement
C. (1) Reinforcement (2) Reinforcement
D. (1) Reinforcement (2) Balancing
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7. What is the CORRECT stock-flow diagram corresponding to the following
causal loop diagram?
Units don't align (FATAL MISTAKE)
- Customers: People
- Sales: Dollars
A. C.
B. D.
IE2141 Systems Thinking and Dynamics – ISEM Department, National University of Singapore
8. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding Stocks, Flows,
and Converters?
Representation of information
A. Stocks can directly influence Converters
B. Stocks can directly influence Stocks
C. Flows can directly influence Stocks
D. Flows can directly influence Flows
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IE2141 Systems Thinking and Dynamics – ISEM Department, National University of Singapore
9. Which of the following shall be modeled as Stocks rather than Flows?
A. Purchases of raw materials
B. Personnel
C. New equipment
D. Net income
Revenue Cost
Net
income
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10. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding Stocks, Flows,
and Converters?
A. Stocks can directly influence Flows
B. Stocks cannot directly influence Stocks
C. Converters can directly influence Converters
D. Converters can directly influence Stocks
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11. Which causal relationship described in the CLD is applicable to the stock
and flow relationship in the SFD below?
A. B.
C. D.
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12. Refer to Case 7 of Lecture 6 (Page 29). Which causal relationship described
in the CLD is applicable to the stock and flow relationship in the SFD below?
A. B.
C. D.
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13. Refer to Case 15 of Lecture 6 (Page 50). Regarding the stock and flow
relationship described in the following SFD, which description of the CLD is
NOT correct?
A. B.
C. D.
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14. Refer to Case 20 of Lecture 6 (Page 56). Regarding the stock and flow
relationship described in the following SFD, which description of the CLD is
correct?
A. B.
C. D.
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15. Refer to Case 17 of Lecture 6 (Page 52). Regarding the stock and flow
relationship described in the following SFD, which description of the CLD is
NOT correct?
A. B.
C. D.
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16. What is the Stock Graph of the system dynamics represented by the
following stock-flow diagram?
A. B.
C. D.
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17. What is the Stock Graph of the system dynamics represented by the
following stock-flow diagram?
A. B.
C. D.
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18. What is the generic behavior structure that the following stock-flow
diagram represents?
A. Constant Increasing
B. Constant Decreasing
C. Exponential Collapse
D. Exponential Decay
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19. What is the generic behavior structure implied by the stock-flow diagram as
follows? (Assuming the starting Labor is lower than the Desired Labor Force)
A. Exponential Growth
B. Exponential Decay
C. Goal-Seeking
D. S-shaped Growth
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20. What is the generic behavior structure implied by the stock-flow diagram as
follows? (Assuming the starting Population is significantly lower than the Carrying Capacity)
A. Exponential Growth
B. Exponential Decay
C. Goal-Seeking
D. S-shaped Growth
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Let's protect the environment
Lecture notes are subject to change before
the class for further improvement
THANK YOU
The preparation of this module has been made possible by
the support from IE2141 teaching team, and the past
teaching materials developed by A/Prof. Aaron Chia.
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