REPORT
"MEASURING VITAL SIGNS"
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COMPILED BY:
Haikal Pramana Putra
Putri Zahara
Dinda Aprilia
Meida Mulyani
Rara Sagita Pitri
YAYASAN PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN IDHATA PROVINSI BENGKULU
SMK S3 IDHATA KELOMPOK PARIWISATA & KESEHATAN
Alamat: Jl. Basuki Rahmat No.08 Curup 39112
Telp: 0732-32536
Tahun Ajaran 2025/2026
FOREWORD
We give praise and gratitude to God Almighty, because with His grace and guidance, we were
able to complete this paper properly.
This paper discusses the procedure for measuring vital signs, which is one of the essential
nursing skills. The purpose of this paper is to fulfill our academic responsibility and to improve
our understanding of nursing practices, especially in observing and recording vital signs such as
temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure.
The material in this report is arranged systematically using various references and direct practice
experiences. Hopefully, this paper can be a useful contribution for readers and classmates,
especially those in the field of health and nursing.
We fully realize that this paper is still far from perfect. Therefore, we welcome all constructive
criticism and suggestions from friends, teachers, and supervisors so that we can improve in
future assignments.
Curup, July 2025
Compiler
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page
Foreword ii
Table of Contents iii
CHAPTER I – Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Formulation of the Problem 1
1.3 Author’s Purpose 1
CHAPTER II – Discussion 2
2.1 Understanding Vital Signs 2
2.2 Objective 2
2.3 Patient Preparation 2
2.4 Tool Preparation 3
2.5 How It Works 3
2.6 Documentation 4
CHAPTER III – Closing 5
3.1 Conclusion 5
3.2 Suggestion 5
References 6
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CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Vital signs are important indicators that reflect the condition of a patient's body. These include
temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. In hospitals, checking vital signs is a
routine nursing procedure to monitor patients' health status. For this reason, nursing students
or assistants must master the correct techniques and procedures for measuring vital signs in
order to support accurate diagnoses and care.
1.2 Formulation of the Problem
1. What is meant by vital signs in patients?
2. What are the tools used to measure vital signs?
3. How is the correct technique to measure vital signs?
4. How is documentation done after vital signs are measured?
1.3 Author’s Purpose
1. To explain the definition and purpose of vital signs.
2. To describe the tools and preparation used in measuring vital signs.
3. To understand the correct steps in performing the procedure.
4. To know how to document the results properly.
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CHAPTER II – DISCUSSION
2.1 Understanding Vital Signs
Measuring vital signs is a basic yet essential nursing procedure to assess a patient’s health
status. The term “vital signs” refers to indicators such as body temperature, pulse rate,
respiratory rate, and blood pressure. These signs help identify any changes or abnormalities in
the patient’s condition. Although this procedure is performed daily, it requires accuracy, good
communication, and proper technique based on nursing standards.
2.2 Objective
Monitor the patient’s general health condition
Detect early signs of illness or abnormality
Provide baseline data for diagnosis
Evaluate the response to medical treatment
Ensure patient safety and comfort
2.3 Patient Preparation
Confirm patient identity
Explain the procedure to the patient politely
Ask for the patient’s permission and observe any fears or discomfort
Matain patient privacy
Position the patient comfortably
2.4 Tool Preparation
1. Digital thermometer
2. Stopwatch or watch
3. Sphygmomanometer (digital BP monitor)
4. Stethoscope (if manual BP used)
5. Hand sanitizer
6. Gloves (if needed)
7. Documentation sheet
8. Pen
9. Alcohol swab (if required)
10. Face mask
2.5 How It Works
1) Orientation Stage
Greet the patient politely using their name.
Introduce yourself and explain your role as a nursing assistant.
Ask the patient for permission to perform the procedure.
Explain the purpose, procedure, and estimated duration of the vital signs check.
Assess any patient anxiety and respond empathetically.
2) Work Phase
Wash your hands and wear a mask or gloves if needed.
Prepare all the tools near the patient.
Position the patient comfortably (sitting or lying down).
Measure body temperature using a digital thermometer (axillary/oral).
Measure pulse rate at the wrist using a stopwatch for 1 minute.
Count respiratory rate by observing chest movement for 1 minute.
Measure blood pressure using a digital or manual sphygmomanometer.
Engage in light conversation during the process to ease the patient.
Inform the patient of each result during or after each step.
Remove gloves if used and clean the tools.
Return tools to their original place.
3) Termination Stage
Thank the patient for their cooperation.
Provide positive feedback about their participation.
Make a verbal contract for the next vital sign check.
Leave the patient in a safe and comfortable position.
End the activity politely.
2.6 Documentation
1. Record the date, time, and actions performed accurately
2. Document the results of vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiration, BP).
3. Clean and return all used equipment properly.
4. Remove PPE (if used) and wash hands.
5. Record actions in the nursing documentation format (SOAP note if needed).
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CHAPTER III – CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion
Measuring vital signs is an essential nursing skill to assess the patient's health status.
It helps detect any abnormalities early, allowing immediate action or treatment.
Accurate measurement of temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure provides
important data for diagnosis.
Performing this procedure correctly ensures the safety and comfort of the patient.
Proper communication and documentation are key in maintaining nursing professionalism.
3.2 Suggestion
Vital signs should be measured routinely in both hospital and home care settings. Nurses and
nursing students must always follow the correct procedures, use clean and calibrated
equipment, and document the results accurately to support better health outcomes.
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REFERENCES
1. Ministry of Health of Indonesia. (2020). Standar Prosedur Operasional Keperawatan Dasar.
Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
2. Potter, P. A., & Perry, A. G. (2021). Fundamentals of Nursing (10th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier.
3. Smeltzer, S. C., & Bare, B. G. (2018). Brunner & Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical
Nursing (14th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
4. Bulechek, G. M., Butcher, H. K., & Dochterman, J. M. (2017). Nursing Interventions
Classification (NIC) (7th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.
5. Nugroho, W. (2019). Praktik Asuhan Keperawatan Profesional. Yogyakarta: Gosyen Publishing.
6. Mayo Clinic. (2023). Vital Signs: What They Are and Why They Matter. Retrieved from:
[Link]
7. Alomedika. (2023). Prosedur Pemeriksaan Tanda-Tanda Vital. Retrieved from:
[Link]
8. Scribd. (2023). SPO Pengukuran TTV (Tanda-Tanda Vital). Retrieved from:
[Link]
9. Microsoft Bing AI. (2024). How to Measure Vital Signs in Nursing Practice. Accessed via Bing
Search. Retrieved from: [Link]
