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LS7 Alecture 8

The document discusses cellular respiration and photosynthesis as key energy transformation pathways in cells, highlighting the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water to generate ATP. It explains the roles of energy management molecules like NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2 in redox reactions, emphasizing the conservation of energy and mass. Additionally, it details the citric acid cycle's role in oxidizing glucose and storing free energy in energy management molecules, ultimately linking ATP production to the movement of protons.

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jillalysse88
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19 views1 page

LS7 Alecture 8

The document discusses cellular respiration and photosynthesis as key energy transformation pathways in cells, highlighting the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water to generate ATP. It explains the roles of energy management molecules like NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2 in redox reactions, emphasizing the conservation of energy and mass. Additionally, it details the citric acid cycle's role in oxidizing glucose and storing free energy in energy management molecules, ultimately linking ATP production to the movement of protons.

Uploaded by

jillalysse88
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

·

content (wont be on HoL1)


shew
LS7A lecture 8 notes (AoL 2 starts here)
Entertainment Pathways in the cell:
● cellular respiration: glucose is broken back down into carbon dioxide and water to generate usable energy (ATP)
● Photosynthesis: light energy drives trandformation of water and carbon dioxide into glucose

CotOTOTGCGHO-combustin
Cellular respiration: T
↑
water released as
heat
energy
● Energy transformation pathways help us recharge ATP to power cellular work
high free - energy
is
- CoHi200160a -6COn"6HzO +
686Kcalmal conserved
energyand -
Reactants : Products : You
mass free * In our bodies this
energy
,
6 C 6 C
12 H is conserved 12 I
free energy is used to

18 0
convert ADD + P: GATP
180
180 16 glad
.
b
180 .
169/mol
Conservation Laws Rules! energy mass speed of
● energy is neither created nor destroyed & & 6 light
● matter (mass) is neither created nor destroyed E =
mc"
Energy management molecules: NAD+/ NADH, FAD/FADH2
● these molecules lose and gain energy through redox reactions
● free energy is transferred to various “energy management” molecules
○ all free energy is released as heat
● Redox reactions: Oxidation Is Losing e- Reduction Is Gaining e- = OIL RIG
Oxidation ↓
GlinOo +
6On- >
6CO2"6H20+ energy reduced form= has more free
energy
higher
Shas more electrons)
Reduction -
> !
free energy

oxidizedreduced
● NAD+ to NADH is a endergonic process -> converting NAD+ to NADH requires 52.6 kcal/mol
● Highly reduced forms of carbon have high free energy
● The big picture: as the cell converts food molecules (glucose, fats, proteins) into CO2, free energy is released, transformed, &
used to make ATP from ADP + Pi
● the citric acid cycle completes the oxidation of glucose to CO2
● citric acid cycle: more energy is transferred to energy management molecules as Acetyl CoA is oxidized
● by the end of the citric acid cycle:
○ glucose is fully oxidized to CO2
○ free energy is stored in energy management molecules
● we convert sugar into CO2 through many small reactions in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
● following the ciritric acid cycle but before ETC and oxidative phosphorylation, most of the available energy from the original
glucose molecule is found in NADH
● the production of ATP is endergonic on its own and is directly coupled to this exergonic process: the movement of protons
from high to low concentration.

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