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Class 9 Mathematics

Chapter 10 of Class 9 Mathematics covers the definition of a circle and key terms such as radius, diameter, chord, secant, tangent, and arc. It outlines important properties and theorems related to circles, including relationships between chords, angles, and cyclic quadrilaterals, as well as formulas for area and circumference. Illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate these concepts and theorems.

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15 views2 pages

Class 9 Mathematics

Chapter 10 of Class 9 Mathematics covers the definition of a circle and key terms such as radius, diameter, chord, secant, tangent, and arc. It outlines important properties and theorems related to circles, including relationships between chords, angles, and cyclic quadrilaterals, as well as formulas for area and circumference. Illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate these concepts and theorems.

Uploaded by

chughhemang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 9 Mathematics – Chapter 10: Circles

1. Definition of a Circle

o A circle is the set of all points in a plane that are equidistant


from a fixed point, known as the centre.

2. Key Terms

o Radius: The distance from the centre to any point on the


circle.

o Diameter: A chord passing through the centre; it’s twice the


radius.

o Chord: A line segment joining two points on the circle.

o Secant: A line that cuts the circle at two points.

o Tangent: A line that touches the circle at exactly one point.

o Arc: A portion of the circle's circumference.

3. Important Properties & Theorems

o Chords equidistant from the centre are equal in length.

o Equal chords subtend equal angles at the centre.

o The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is twice the angle


it subtends at any point on the remaining part of the circle.

o Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.

o The angle in a semicircle is a right angle.

o A quadrilateral is cyclic if all its vertices lie on a circle.

o The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are


supplementary (sum to 180°).

4. Area & Circumference Formulas (Basic Concepts)

o Circumference = 2 π r

o Area of a Circle = π r²

5. Illustrative Examples

o Prove that equal chords of congruent circles subtend equal


angles at their centres.

o Show that in the same or equal circles, equal chords are


equidistant from the centre.
o Demonstrate that angles in the same segment are equal.

o Prove that the angle in a semicircle is 90°.

o Establish that the sum of opposite angles in a cyclic


quadrilateral is 180°.

6. Summary of Theorems

o Relation between chord lengths and distances from the centre.

o Angle subtended at the centre is double that at the


circumference.

o Equal arcs correspond to equal angles at the centre.

o Angles in the same segment are equal.

o Cyclic quadrilaterals and supplementary angles.

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