1. Who proposed the theories of X and Y related to motivation?
A. Abraham Maslow
B. Douglas McGregor
C. Elton Mayo
D. Frederick Herzberg
➤ Explanation: Douglas McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y to describe two contrasting
views of workforce motivation.
2. Theory X assumes people are:
A. Creative and motivated
B. Naturally responsible
C. Uncooperative and irresponsible
D. Growth oriented
➤ Explanation: Theory X views workers as lazy, unmotivated, and in need of supervision.
3. Theory Y assumes that people are:
A. Lazy
B. Unmotivated
C. Self-motivated and growth-oriented
D. Need threats to perform
➤ Explanation: Theory Y sees people as self-driven and capable of taking responsibility.
4. What management approach is used by X-type managers?
A. Recognition
B. Threat and punishment
C. Job enrichment
D. Empowerment
➤ Explanation: X-type managers rely on threats, strict supervision, and control to motivate.
5. Y-type managers focus on:
A. Rewards only
B. Eliminating employee barriers
C. Threats and punishments
D. Ignoring employee problems
➤ Explanation: Y-type managers work to understand and remove obstacles to employee
performance.
6. Maslow’s theory is known as:
A. Two-factor theory
B. Hierarchy of Needs
C. ERG Theory
D. Equity Theory
➤ Explanation: Abraham Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs, a model explaining human
motivation.
7. Which of the following is a basic biological need in Maslow’s hierarchy?
A. Respect
B. Insurance
C. Food and water
D. Career growth
➤ Explanation: Food, water, and sleep are the most basic survival needs.
8. What comes after biological needs in Maslow’s model?
A. Safety needs
B. Social needs
C. Esteem needs
D. Self-actualization
➤ Explanation: Once biological needs are met, the next priority is safety.
9. Providing safety devices like helmets and gloves fulfills which need?
A. Biological
B. Safety
C. Social
D. Esteem
➤ Explanation: These items ensure physical protection, aligning with safety needs.
10. Which of the following is a social need?
A. Insurance
B. Dinner with coworkers
C. Promotion
D. Health benefits
➤ Explanation: Social needs include friendship, belonging, and informal gatherings.
11. Recognition and awards fall under:
A. Safety needs
B. Self-actualization
C. Esteem needs
D. Biological needs
➤ Explanation: Recognition builds confidence and worth, fulfilling esteem needs.
12. Self-actualization is about:
A. Having food and water
B. Achieving full potential
C. Belonging to a group
D. Safety from accidents
➤ Explanation: It is the highest level, where one seeks to be the best version of themselves.
13. Which of the following is NOT part of Maslow’s hierarchy?
A. Cognitive needs
B. Safety needs
C. Social needs
D. Self-esteem
➤ Explanation: Cognitive needs are not part of Maslow’s original five-level model.
14. What can be used to meet employees' biological needs in an organization?
A. Promotions
B. Salaries and free food
C. Recognition awards
D. Bonus challenges
➤ Explanation: Salaries and food directly help meet survival needs.
15. Insurance and medical facilities are examples of:
A. Social needs
B. Esteem needs
C. Safety needs
D. Self-actualization
➤ Explanation: These protect the employee and provide a sense of security.
16. Combined lunch and fun fairs are examples of satisfying:
A. Biological needs
B. Social needs
C. Safety needs
D. Esteem needs
➤ Explanation: These promote bonding and a sense of belonging among employees.
17. Which is an example of esteem need?
A. Having a house
B. Having a promotion title
C. Attending a sports event
D. Eating free lunch
➤ Explanation: Titles and promotions boost an individual's self-respect and social status.
18. Self-actualization includes:
A. Safety from storm
B. Free meal
C. High-level challenges
D. Social dinners
➤ Explanation: Self-actualization includes achieving goals and facing meaningful challenges.
19. In Maslow's hierarchy, higher-level needs come:
A. Before lower-level needs
B. After lower-level needs are satisfied
C. Simultaneously with all needs
D. Only at the beginning
➤ Explanation: Needs are fulfilled step-by-step, beginning with lower-level needs.
20. Cultural differences may influence:
A. Only esteem needs
B. The order of needs
C. Only safety needs
D. Self-actualization only
➤ Explanation: Critics say different cultures may not follow Maslow's fixed sequence.
21. Theory Y managers assume people are motivated by:
A. Threats
B. Job security only
C. Self-direction and responsibility
D. Rewards only
➤ Explanation: They believe employees are naturally motivated and enjoy responsibility.
22. Which of the following is a criticism of Maslow’s theory?
A. It doesn’t cover biological needs
B. Needs do not change over time
C. Order of needs may vary by person
D. It promotes Theory X behavior
➤ Explanation: One criticism is that needs may not always follow a strict order.
23. What fulfills self-esteem needs in a workplace?
A. Safe environment
B. Team bonding
C. Salary increase and recognition
D. Meals and water
➤ Explanation: Rewards, recognition, and promotions build self-esteem.
24. Pension plans meet which type of need?
A. Social
B. Esteem
C. Safety
D. Self-actualization
➤ Explanation: Pension plans give financial safety for the future.
25. What is a feature of self-actualized employees?
A. Demand for food
B. Love for titles
C. Desire for growth and challenge
D. Need for sleep
➤ Explanation: Self-actualized people seek challenge, creativity, and growth.
26. What is the ultimate goal in Maslow's hierarchy?
A. Safety
B. Esteem
C. Self-actualization
D. Social bonding
➤ Explanation: Self-actualization is the highest need, where individuals achieve their fullest
potential.
