Sample questions (Bio-Medical Electronics)
1. What is anatomy?
Anatomy describes the form and arrangement of the parts of the body.
2. What do you mean by physiology of the human body?
Physiology concerned with how the various parts of the body work.
3. Electrical activities of the heart are measured by an instrument called ________.
ECG
4. Mention the main body parts those are involved in cardiovascular system.
Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood.
5. The nervous system is the _______ network for the body.
Communication
6. The signals originate from cell due to ________.
Action potential
7. What do you mean by mucous membrane?
The membrane which contains specialized cells that secrete a slimy fluid called mucous.
8. Ligaments are part of the _______ system of the human body.
The skeletal system.
9. The endocrine glands secrete chemicals called ______.
Hormones.
10. Pituitary gland is situated below the _______.
Larynx.
11. Name three layers of the heart wall?
Epicardium,
Myocardium,
Endocardium
12. Name the receiving chambers of human heart?
Right atrium
Left atrium
13. What are axons responsible for?
Long extension that carries electrical messages away from the body to the terminal axons
which passes the signal to the next cell.
14. What do you mean by transducers?
A device which converts a non-electrical signal to a proportional electrical signal.
15. Quartz exhibit the________ effect in which a voltage develops across opposite faces of the
crystal.
Piezoelectric.
16. What do you mean by cardiogram?
It is a graph of the electrical activity of the heart muscle obtained from an electrocardiograph
machine.
17. What do you mean by electroencephalography?
It is the study and analysis of signals arising due to the electrical activity of the brain.
18. The SA node is a bundle of nerves contained in the ____.
Right atrium
19. The ECG amplifier amplifies voltages that are in the range of ________.
Millivolts to 2.5 volts.
20. Glass electrode is basically a _____ sensitive electrode.
pH.
21. If the heart rate is greater than 100, it is called______.
Tachycardia
22. Most humans seem to develop EEG patterns in the ____ range when they are relaxed.
Alpha
23. Define electrode potential?
The potential of an electrode is known as the potential of a cell consisting of the electrode
concerned acting as a cathode and the standard hydrogen electrode acting as an anode. The
cathode is always reduced, and the anode is oxidized.
24. Calomel electrode is used as a______ electrode.
Reference
25. If the P-R interval is greater than ____second , it can suggest blockage of the AV node.
0.2 sec
26. Amplitude of P wave in ECG is _____.
0.25V
27. _______ is the watery liquid in the blood.
Plasma
28. Albumin is manufactured in the ______.
Liver
29. Ultrasonic blood flow meter measures the ______ of the bloodstream.
Velocity
30. If the blood flows in the direction of the energy transmission, the transit time is_______.
Shorten
31. What do you mean by plethysmograph?
Measures changes in volume between two points.
32. X-rays are produced in _______ tubes or valves.
Thermionic
33. Ultrasonic waves are sound waves with frequencies greater than_____.
20 kHz.
34. A PET scan is useful for detecting _____.
Tumours
35. The gushing sound of blood flowing, called _______ sound.
Korotkoff
36. What do you mean by ' true' plethysmograph?
it actually responds to changes in volume.
37. X rays are not deviated by _______ fields.
Electric or magnetic
38. The pulses are used to trigger the _____time base of the CRO.
Saw tooth
39. The pacemaker is a ______ type of multivibrator.
Astable
40. The internal pacemaker has a _____ volt battery.
9 volt
41. Define voltage pacemaker?
The output voltage remains constant, and changes in the resistance affect only the current.
42. Braille systems are used for_______.
Reading and writing.
43. The R wave is used to ______ the pacemaker.
Trigger
44. Define cardiac pacemaker?
It provides external stimulus to the heart muscle.
45. All external pacemakers require _______volt amplitude .
150 V
46. What do you mean by Programmable pacemaker?
It can be programmed according to the requirement of the patient.
47. Heart-lung machine is also called______.
cardiopulmonary bypass machine (CBM)
48. The person who runs a cardiopulmonary bypass pump is called a ______.
perfusionist
49. ________ defibrillator delivers a single pulse between electrodes.
Monophasic
50. Generally all patients have heart block below the AV node require _______.
Pacing.
1. Explain the total operation of the heart valves?
2. What are the basic differences between human anatomy and human physiology?
3. Write down the main primary functions of the human nervous system?
4. Mention the main functions of valves that are present in the human heart?
5. What do you mean by Homeostasis?
6. Write down the basic principle of resistive transducers?
7. Write down the working principle of pH electrode?
8. Why reference electrodes are used in biochemical measurement?
9. Compare the skin surface electrodes with needle electrodes?
10. Who needs echocardiogram?
11. Explain indicator dye dilution method.
12. Write down the different properties of X-rays?
13. Define systolic and diastolic pressure. Discuss briefly about Korotkoff sound with appropriate
diagram.
14. Write down the significant changes after a dye is used in blood flow measurement.
15. Write down the applications of X-rays in medicine.
16. Write down the specifications of a pacemaker.
17. Compare between monophasic and biphasic defibrillator.
18. What is the significance of the fifth letter of pacemaker codes?
19. Explain the main circuitry of the pacemaker.
20. Explain about ventricular fibrillation.
21. What are x-rays used for?
22. How should non-disabled people support both those with visible and invisible disabilities?
23. Discuss about echocardiograph.
24. Write down about the scintillator crystal.
25. Comparison between A-scan and B-scan.
1. a) Name the six major organs which secrete hormones?
b) Describe the differences between cells, tissues, organs, and systems.
c) Where is the human heart located in the anatomy of the human body?
2. a) Describe the physiology of human respiratory system.
b) Name the major nerves that serve the biceps brachii areas.
c) Where the adrenalin glands are situated?
3. a) What are blood vessels? Name the three major types of blood vessels.
b) What are capillaries, and what is their function?
c) Describe plasma and its components.
4. a) What is coronary artery disease? Identify two specific coronary artery diseases.
b) What are the main differences between the coronary circulation, pulmonary
circulation, and systemic circulation?
c) Write down the standard blood pressure of an adult human?
5. a) What is the resting potential of a neuron, and how is it maintained?
b) During cardiac contractions, what happen to blood?
6. a) How do you analyse an ECG waveform?
b) Write down the working principle of ECG amplifier?
c) Write down the advantages of thermistors?
7. a) Briefly explain the working principle strain gauges with appropriate diagram.
b) Write down the properties of bioelectrodes?
8. a) Explain the different waves from different parts of the brain?
b) How electrodes are placed on brain for record the electrical activity?
9. a) Define artifacts?
b) Describe the bipolar limb lead frontal plane ECG.
10. a) Write down the working principle of ECG recorder with appropriate block diagram?
b)How a cell work as a bioelectric generator?
11. a) Explain the indirect method of blood pressure measurement.
b) Compare between direct and indirect method of blood pressure measurement.
c) Briefly explain the palpatory method.
12. a) Explain the electromagnetic induction blood flow meter with appropriate diagram.
b) Write down the working principle of impedance plethysomgraph.
c) What do you mean by Complete blood count (CBC)?
13. a) What are the benefits of nuclear imaging?
b) How are general procedures of nuclear imaging performed?
c) What are the differences between X-ray and nuclear imaging?
14. a) Briefly explain the ultrasonic blood flow meter with appropriate diagram.
b) What do you mean by Inflation and Deflation of the human heart?
c) What types of factors responsible for the peak systolic BP.
15. a) What are the important aspects of blood pressure measurement?
b) Briefly explain the different phases of heart sounds?
c) How body position effect on blood pressure measurements?
16. a) When a Heart-Lung Machine Is Used?
b) How Does a Heart-Lung Bypass Machine Work?
c) What is cardiopulmonary bypass?
17. a) Explain the placement process of electrodes of a defibrillator?
b) Compare between External and internal pacemakers.
c) Briefly explain the concept of permanent pacemaker?
18. a) What about the characteristics of an Ideal Artificial Kidney?
b) What are the need for an Artificial Kidney?
19. a) Write down the differences between a defibrillator and a pacemaker?
b) What do you mean by a synchronous pacemaker?
20. a) What is an Implantable pacemaker?
b) What are the aspects of patient safety?
