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R-410A Refrigerant Cycle Explained

The document outlines the vapor compression refrigeration cycle using R-410A refrigerant, detailing the roles of the thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) and air-cooled condenser coil. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining superheat and sub-cooling to protect the compressor and ensure efficient operation. Additionally, it provides physical properties of R-410A refrigerant and describes the cooling processes occurring in the condenser coil.

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Eng.Abdelrahman Eid
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61 views2 pages

R-410A Refrigerant Cycle Explained

The document outlines the vapor compression refrigeration cycle using R-410A refrigerant, detailing the roles of the thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) and air-cooled condenser coil. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining superheat and sub-cooling to protect the compressor and ensure efficient operation. Additionally, it provides physical properties of R-410A refrigerant and describes the cooling processes occurring in the condenser coil.

Uploaded by

Eng.Abdelrahman Eid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle: R-410A refrigerant

Notes:

- At 418 psig sat temp = 120°F and at 118 psig sat temp = 40°F.
- Sub-cooling = saturation temperature - measured temperature of liquid = 10°F typical
- Superheat = measured temperature of vapor - saturation temperature = 15°F typical

The thermostatic expansion valve (TXV): controls the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator by
maintaining a constant superheat value of the refrigerant vapor at the evaporator outlet.
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡= 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 −𝑆𝑆𝑇
Where:
Measured Temperature: refrigerant temperature at the evaporator outlet measured by the sensing bulb.
SST: Saturation Suction Temperature of Refrigerant is the temperature at which the refrigerant boils at a specific
pressure.

It is critical to ensure a superheated refrigerant vapor is leaving the evaporator coil because the compressor is not
designed to handle liquid in order to protect the compressor from damage.

Prepared by: Hossam Abdelghani MEP Engineer TEL: +971523073712


Air-Cooled Condenser Coil
- The role of the condenser coil is to reject heat from the superheated discharge refrigerant vapor so the
refrigerant changes phases and becomes a sub-cooled refrigerant liquid.
- From the outlet of the condenser coil, the refrigerant travels through the liquid line to the inlet of the TXV.

For the TXV to operate correctly, the refrigerant entering the valve must be a sub-cooled liquid. Vapor in the liquid
line, even in small quantities, will reduce valve capacity.

The condenser coil is typically designed for a minimum of 10°F of refrigerant sub-cooling.

𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔=𝑆𝐶𝑇−𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒

Where:

- Measured Temperature: liquid refrigerant temperature at the condenser outlet


- SCT: Saturation Condensing Temperature of refrigerant is the temperature at which the refrigerant
condenses at a specific pressure

Cooling Processes that occur in the condenser coil:

- De-superheating: sensible cooling of discharge vapor


- Condensing: latent cooling of condensing vapor to liquid
- Sub-cooling: sensible cooling of sub-cooling the liquid

Refrigerant Critical Temperature:

The critical temperature of a substance is the temperature at and above, the vapor cannot be liquefied. no matter
how much pressure is applied.

R410A Refrigerant Physical Properties:

- Melting/Freezing point: −155 °C


- Boiling point: −48.5 °C
- Liquid density (30°C): 1040 kg/m3
- Vapor density (30°C): 3.0 (air: 1.0)
- Critical temperature: 72.8 °C
- Gas heat capacity: 0.84 kJ/(kg·°C)
- Liquid heat capacity (1 atm, 30°C): 1.8 kJ/(kg·°C)

A small amount of oil is combined with the Freon gas to lubricate the compressor. When the Freon gas is
compressed, its pressure rises, making it very hot. Next, the hot Freon gas moves through a series of coils, which has
the effect of lowering its heat and converting it to liquid. The Freon liquid then flows through an expansion valve,
which causes it to cool down until it evaporates.

Prepared by: Hossam Abdelghani MEP Engineer TEL: +971523073712

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