Scribd
Upload
53 views2 pages

Test 2 - Tanmay Goswami: Evan Chen

The document presents solutions to several geometry problems involving triangles and cyclic quadrilaterals. Key results include the collinearity of points related to the incircle and external angle bisectors, properties of the nine-point circle, and relationships between circumcenters of triangles formed by intersections of lines. The solutions utilize concepts such as radical axes, Simson lines, and spiral similarity.

Uploaded by

tanmaywrizz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
53 views2 pages

Test 2 - Tanmay Goswami: Evan Chen

The document presents solutions to several geometry problems involving triangles and cyclic quadrilaterals. Key results include the collinearity of points related to the incircle and external angle bisectors, properties of the nine-point circle, and relationships between circumcenters of triangles formed by intersections of lines. The solutions utilize concepts such as radical axes, Simson lines, and spiral similarity.

Uploaded by

tanmaywrizz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Test 2 - Tanmay Goswami

Evan Chen

Problem 1. Let I be the incenter of △ABC, and let D, E, F be the touch points of
the incircle with BC, CA, AB. Let X be the foot of the A–external angle bisector on
BC, and define Y, Z similarly. Prove that X, Y, Z are collinear and that the circles
⊙(AID), ⊙(BIE), ⊙(CIF ) share a second common point.

Solution

In △AID one checks easily that

∠AID = 90◦ + A
2,

and a brief chase in cyclic AIDX shows the same for ∠AIX, so IX is a diameter
of ⊙(AID). Thus X is the antipode of I. Analogously Y, Z are antipodes on the
other two circles.
Since those antipodes lie on the ex–Gergonne line (the polar of I), the points
X, Y, Z are collinear. Finally, the radical axes IX, IY, IZ concur at I and their
other intersections lie on that line, so by coaxality the three circles share one more
common point.

Problem 2. In acute △ABC with orthocenter H, let M, N be the midpoints of


AC, AB. Drop perpendiculars HE ⊥ AC, HF ⊥ AB. Let P = M N ∩ ℓA , where ℓA
is the tangent to (ABC) at A. Let Q ̸= A be the second intersection of ⊙(AEF ) with
(ABC), and set R = AQ ∩ EF . Prove P R ⊥ OH.

Solution

Call Γ9 the nine-point circle of ABC. The chord M N lies on Γ9 , and E, F are feet
of altitudes, so ⊙(AEF ) is the pedal circle of H. Its second meet Q with (ABC) is
known to lie on the A–mixtilinear incircle, yielding a spiral similarity AEF ∼ AQB.
Projecting that similarity from A, one sees R = AQ ∩ EF lies on the Simson line
of H w.r.t. Γ9 . By the Simson–line lemma, this line is perpendicular to OH, and
since P lies on the polar of H in Γ9 , we get P R ⊥ OH.

Problem 3. In acute △ABC with incircle ω and incenter I, let D = BC ∩ ω, and let
K be the reflection of I across D. If lines BN, CN are tangents to ω, prove that N
lies on the circumcircle of △BCK.

1
Evan Chen — Test 2 - Tanmay Goswami

Solution

Reflecting I across D gives K, so D is the midpoint of IK. Since BN, CN are


tangents,
N B = N F, N C = N E.
In quadrilateral BCKN , one checks

∠BKN = 90◦ − γ = ∠BCN,

so B, C, K, N are concyclic. Thus N lies on (BCK).

Problem 4. Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral and P = AC ∩ BD. Drop


perpendiculars P E ⊥ AB, P F ⊥ CD. If K, L are the midpoints of AD, BC, prove
EF ⊥ KL.

Solution

In ABCD, EF is the Simson line of P and KL is the Newton line. A standard


lemma states that the Simson line of the diagonal intersection is perpendicular to
the Newton line. Hence EF ⊥ KL.

Problem 5. In cyclic ABCD, let F = AB∩CD, E = BC∩DA. Denote O1 , O2 , O3 , O4


the circumcenters of △ABF, △BCE, △CDF, △DAE. Show O1 , O2 , O3 , O4 lie on a
common circle.

Solution

Let M be the Miquel point of ABCD. By spiral similarity about M , we have


AB 7→ CD and BC 7→ DA, so M is equidistant from each Oi . Therefore the four
Oi lie on a circle centered at M .

You might also like