CIVILPASS SURVEYING 3
REVIEW CENTER
SURVEYING 3 Problem 3. The top of a tower at B 2000 m away from A where the
Prepared by: Engr. Edward Laforteza transit is set, has a vertical angle of 3°30’. The height of the mast is 12
m and the height of the instrument at A is 1.10 m. If the elevation of
I. SENSITIVITY OF LEVEL TUBE the base of the instrument is 120 m, determine the elevation of the
base of the tower.
Bubble Sensitivity – Angular value of one space of the level tube.
Upright Position: III: THREE-HILL PROBLEMS
CPRC
Tilted Position: 𝐃𝟐
𝐡 = 𝐡𝟐 + (𝐡 − 𝐡𝟐 ) − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟕𝐃𝟏 𝐃𝟐
𝐃𝟏 + 𝐃𝟐 𝟏
where:
h1, h2, and h are in meters
D1 and D2 are in kilometers
Problem 4: Two hills A and C have elevations of 600m and 800m
respectively. In between A and C is another hill B which has an
Problem 1: Using an engineer’s level, the reading on a rod 70m away elevation of 720m and is located 12km from A and 10km from C.
was observed to be 2.55 m. The bubble was leveled thru 3 spaces on
the level tube and the rod reading increased to 2.60 m. 1. Find the height to be reduced from hill B so that station C will be
visible from A.
1. Determine the angle that the bubble tube was deviated due to an 2. What height of tower must be constructed at C so that it could be
increase in the rod in seconds of arc.
ENGR. EDWARD LAFORTEZA
visible from A with the line of sight having a clearance of 2m above
2. Determine the angular value of one space of the tube in seconds of the hill B?
arc. 3. What height of equal towers A and C that could be constructed so
II: EFFECT OF EARTH’S CURVATURE AND REFRACTION that A, B, and C will be intervisible with 2m clearance at B?
Curvature Effect (for correction, the effect must be subtracted): IV: COMPASS SURVEYING
Compass Surveying – is a branch of surveying in which the position
𝐇𝐂 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝐤𝟐
of an object is located using angular measurements determined by the
Refraction Correction (for correction, the effect must be added): compass and linear measurements using a chain or tape.
𝐇𝐑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟐𝐤 𝟐 Angle Measurement:
where: HC and HR are in meters, and k is in kilometers ▪ Bearing – an angle less than 90° within a quadrant defined by the
cardinal directions.
Combined Correction (for correction, the effect must be
subtracted): ▪ Azimuth – an angle between 0° and 360° measured clockwise from
South.
𝐇𝐂𝐑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟕𝐤 𝟐
Problem 5: The magnetic bearing of a line was N 48°18’ E in 1910
𝐇𝐂𝐑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟕𝟓𝐤𝟐 when the magnetic declination in the locality was 1°10’ W. In 1989, the
magnetic declination in the same locality is 2°45’E.
(For areas near the equator)
1. Compute the true bearing of the line in 1910.
Problem 2: Yi Sun Shin’s eyes, 1.75m above sea level, can barely
2. Compute the magnetic azimuth of the line in 1989.
see the top of the tower 20km away from him. What is the elevation of
the top of the lighthouse above sea level?
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SURVEYING 3
PRACTICE PROBLEMS: 7. If the bubble is leveled to the left by 3 spaces, what is the rod
reading?
Situation 1 (for Problem 1-3): A man’s eye 1.75m above sea level a. 2.351m
can barely see the top of a lighthouse which is at a certain distance b. 2.452m
away from a man. c. 2.510m
1. What is the elevation of the top of the lighthouse above sea level if d. 2.517m
the lighthouse is 20km away from the man?
a. 13.853m
b. 14.853m
c. 13.583m
d. 14.583m
CPRC
2. How far is the lighthouse from the man in meters if the top of the
lighthouse is 15.35m above sea level?
a. 21.247m
Key answers: bcdcaab
b. 22.247m
c. 20.247m
d. 23.247m
3. What is the height if the tower at a distance 20km away from the
man that will just be visible without the line of sight approaching
nearer than 1.75m to the water?
a. 27.45m
b. 28.34m
c. 28.45m
d. 28.55m
Problem 4: Point A is between B and C. The distance of points B
ENGR. EDWARD LAFORTEZA
and C from Point A are 1000m and 2000m, respectively. Measured
from point A, the angle of elevation of point B is 18°30’ while that of
C is 8°15’. Compute the difference in elevation of B and C
considering the effects of earth’s curvature and refraction.
a. 52.16m
b. 47.62m
c. 44.41m
d. 49.61m
Situation 2 (for Problem 5-7): With a dumpy level, a rod reading of
2.50m was observed to a leveling rod which is 100m away. When the
bubble was leveled through 5 spaces to the right on a level tube, the
reading changed to 2.58m.
5. What is the sensitiveness of the level tube?
a. 33’’
b. 35”
c. 50”
d. 15”
6. Find the radius of curvature of the level tube if each division on the
level tube is 0.60mm.
a. 3.75m
b. 7.00m
c. 9m
d. 5.00m
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