Cargo Business

Development
and
Supply Chain
Management
 Course contents
• Human needs
• Air Freight overview
• Cargo Supply Chain
• Freight Forwarding, Customs Brokerage and Logistics
• Master Operating Plan
• Law and Regulations
• Air Cargo Management
• Air Freight Rates
• Air Cargo Handling
• Aircrafts ULD Types Aircraft Fuselage and ULD Loading
• Aircraft Bulk Loading
• Aircraft Weight and Balance
 Factors behind Freight Transport Demand The future of trade - WTO Public Forum.mp4

Economy

Just In Time Industrial

Strategy Location

International Spatial
Agreements Structure

Strategic
Technology
Alliances

Safety and
Packaging and
Environmental
Recycling
Policies

Infrastructure Regulation and

and Congestion Deregulation
Fuel Costs,
Taxes and
Subsidies

Source: [Link]
 Factors behind Freight Transport Demand The future of trade - WTO Public Forum.mp4

Factor Rationale
General derived demand impact. Linked with the GDP. Function of the structure of the
Economy
economy in terms of resources, goods, and services.
Industrial location Effect on ton-kms and on modal choice.
Effect on ton-kms. Function of international trade structure. Containerization and
Spatial structure
intermodal transportation.
Both concerning trade and transportation. Economic specialization. Increased trans
International agreements
border traffic. Simplified custom procedures.
Decreased inventories. More shipments. Smaller line hauls. Shift to faster and more
JIT practices and warehousing
reliable modes. Use of 3rd party logistics providers.
Strategic alliances Between carriers, shippers and often producers and retailers. Lower distribution costs.
Packaging and recycling Increased transportability of products. Lower freight density. Reverse distribution.
Increased competition, level of service and lower costs. Growth of intermodal
Regulation and deregulation
transportation.
Large and volatile cost components, specifically for energy intensive modes. Preferred
Fuel costs, taxes and subsidies
mode or carrier.
Infrastructure and congestion Efficiency, operating costs and reliability.

Safety and environmental policies Operating speed, conditions and costs. Capacity and weight limits.

Containerization, double-stacking, automation and robotics, handling and interchange

Technology systems and automated terminals. Information systems (IDE). Lower costs, increased
efficiency and reliability and new opportunities.
Source: [Link]
E-Commerce
Air Freight overview
Major Transportation Modes
• Highway (truck)

• Water

• Rail

• Air

• Pipeline
 Highway Mode
Strengths Weaknesses
• Flexibility to pick up and • Not the fastest
deliver where and when • Not the cheapest
needed
• Often the best balance
between cost/flexibility and
delivery reliability/speed
• Can deliver straight to the
customer (increasing)
• Can be available 24/7
 Water Mode
Strengths Weaknesses
• Highly cost effective for • Limited locations
bulky items • Relatively poor delivery
• Works best for high reliability/speed
weight-to-value items • Often limited operating
• Most effective when hours at docks
linked into multimodal
system
 Air Mode
Strengths Weaknesses
• Quickest delivery over • Often the most
longer distances expensive, particularly
• Can be very flexible on a per Kilogram basis
when linked to highway
mode
• Works best for low
weight-to-value items
 Rail Mode
Strengths Weaknesses
• Highly cost effective for • Limited locations, but
bulky items better than for water.
• Can be most effective • Better delivery
when linked into reliability/speed than
multimodal system water
 Technological Breakthroughs
• Standardized containers for ease of transfer
• “Roadrailers,” etc.
• Multimodal solutions
– Ship  Truck  Train  Truck  ?
Logistics
The management of the flow of goods between the
point of origin and the point of consumption in
order to meet some requirements

a channel of the supply chain which adds the value

of time and place utility.

involves the integration of information,

transportation, inventory, warehousing, material-
handling, and packaging, and occasionally security.
organize the storage and distribution of goods.

ensure the right products are delivered to the

right location on time and at a good cost.
 Physical Items Abstract Items

food, materials, animals, time, information,

equipment and liquids particles, and energy
Physical items usually involves the integration of :

1. Flow of information
2. Handling
3. Production
4. Transportation
5. Inventory
6. Packaging
7. Transportation
 Handling System Modern tools which is an essential
includes: element in storage and transport
throughout the warehouse
 Order Processing

Price, Delivery Period,

Payment Terms, Taxes etc.

Flow of Information

Customer Service , facilitate the

information needs: Order
Processing, Order Checking and
Editing and Order Registration.
Warehousing

Secured are / building in which dutiable goods may be

stored, manipulated/ undergo manufacturing operations
w/o payment of duties and taxes.
 Measuring Performance
• Perfect Order
– Delivered on time
– Shipped complete
– Invoiced correctly
– Undamaged in transit
• Landed Costs
– Packing
– Insurance
– Customs, other fees
– Warehousing
– Transportation
– Documentation
(Redwing Automotive Example)
Examples of Logistics Company
Cargo Supply Chain
 Supply Chain Management
• A supply chain consists of the series of activities and
organisations that materials move through on their
journey from initial suppliers to final customers.
• Supply chain management is the integration of these
activities, through improved supply chain relationships,
to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage.
• SCM is a set of well organized processes used to
integrate all parties involved (as suppliers , producers ,
warehouses, stores etc.) so production cycle is
optimized and final products are distributed at the right
time, to the right customers at the right price . As a final
result SCM have to reduce the cost through the whole
chain without compromising quality of the products and
service satisfaction.
 Example of Supply chain
Listerine is a popular mouthwash produced by Johnson & Johnson
The supply chain used to produce Listerine :
1. Australian farmers grow eucalyptus , harvest the leaves and send them
to a processing company to extract oil .
2. The eucalyptus oil is then sold to distributors , who then sell it to one of
Johnson & Johnson manufacturing plants in the United States.
3. Natural gas is drilled in Saudi Arabia.
4. Union Carbide buys the liquid gas and processes it into alcohol, which is
shipped to the manufacturing plant in the U.S.
5. Farmers in the U.S. mid-West harvest corn.
6. This is processed to make Sorbitol, which both sweetens and adds bulk to the
mouthwash.
7. Sorbitol is sent to the manufacturing plant.
8. The manufacturing plant collects ingredients and does all the operations
needed to produce Listerine.
9. The mouthwash is packed and sent to wholesalers, or directly to retail
pharmacies.
Transportation and Logistics Technology.mp4
 Key Supply Chain Process Activities
Supply Chain Activity Sub-Activities
1. Customer Service A. Determine customer needs and wants for logistics
customer service.
B. Determine customer response to service.
C. Set customer service level.
2. Transportation A. Select mode and transport service.
B. Freight consolidation.
C. Carrier routing.
D. Vehicle scheduling.
E. Equipment selection.
F. Claims processing.
3. Inventory management A. Raw materials and finished goods stocking policies.
B. Short term sales forecasting.
C. Product mix and stocking points.
D. Decisions re: number, size and location of inventory
stocking points.
E. Just-in-time, and push and pull strategies.
4. Information Flows and A. Sales order-inventory interface procedures.
order processing B. Order information transmittal methods
C. Ordering rules
 Supply Chain Process Support Activities
Supply Chain Activity Sub-Activities
1. Purchasing A. Select suppliers.
B. Purchase timing.
C. Purchase quantities
2. Warehousing A. Space determination.
B. Stock layout and dock design.
C. Warehouse configuration.
D. Stock placement.
3. Materials handling A. Select equipment.
B. Equipment replacement policies.
C. Order-picking procedures.
D. Stock storage and retrieval.
4. Production A. Specify aggregate quantities.
B. Sequence and time production output.
C. Schedule supplies for production/operations.
5. Packing Protective packaging designed for:
A. Handling.
B. Storage.
C. Protection from loss and damage.
6. Information A. Information collection, storage, and manipulation.
Management B. Data analysis.
C. Control procedures.
 Supply Chain Strategies that Achieve Customer
Satisfaction and Competitiveness

From Business Challenges To supply chain strategies

(the seven Vs that customer (the seven S’s that deliver
want) organisational strategies)
Value Sustainability
Volume Volatility Service
Velocity Speed response
Variety Suited to customer requirements
Variability Standards
Visibility Systems focused on customer
satisfaction
Virtuality Structures and relationships
Freight Forwarding,
Customs Brokerage
and Logistics
Freight Forwarding
Role as Cargo Consolidator
 Consolidation

Small shipments in ...

Warehouse

Large economical shipments out ...

 Cross-Docking
Large economical shipments in ...

Warehouse

Small shipments out ...

What about supply / demand mismatches?

 Procedures :

Freight Forwarder in Freight Forwarder in importing

exporting country as Principal country – as Delivery Agent

Issue House Bill of Receive e-mail

Lading

Print Copies
Billing Invoice

Shipper Notice to Consignees

Release House Bill of Prepares Inward Cargo Manifest e2m

Lading

Delivery order,
Container Guarantee

Customs Brokerage
A corporation, partnership, and association must have
a licensed Customs Broker to transact Customs
Brokerage Business at the Bureau of Customs .

It facilitates the import and export shipments and

delivery of goods across geographical borders for
individuals and organizations from one country to
another.
 Is any person who is bona fide holder of a
valid Certificate of Registration/ Professional
Identification Card issued by the Professional
Regulatory Board and Professional Regulation
Commission.
Preparation of customs requisite documents for
imports and exports.

Preparation signing, filing, lodging and processing of

import and export entries

Representing importers and exporters before any

government agency and private entities

Computation of duties and related taxes

WHO ARE AUTHORIZED TO MAKE IMPORT
ENTRY?

• Importers and other persons who are

holders of the bill of lading.

• Licensed Customs broker acting under

authority from a holder of the bill.
Master Operating
Plan
 Today’s air cargo process is complex and
involves many participants

Contacts trucker to
Contacts OFF to pick up shipment -
arrange transport own/external
Outbound Freight company Trucker
Shipper
Forwarder

Shipment transported Takes shipment to OFF

to the airline’s cargo cargo handling facility,
handling facility to be repacked for air shipment
at the airport and consolidated with other
Trucker Outbound Freight shipments to same destination
Forwarder
Shipment is palletized for
Carrier transports
transport by air Shipment cleared shipments from
by export customs airport A to
Cargo handling Customs airport B
 Today’s air cargo process is complex and involves
many participants (cont)
Cargo handler breaks
into individual shipments
for transportation to
freight forwarder/consignee
or to other carrier Cargo handling
Trucker

IFF breaks shipment Import customs

into individual shipments clears shipment
for transport to final
Inbound Freight destination Customs Inbound Freight
Forwarder Forwarder

Trucker collects shipment

Shipment delivered - Proof of delivery

proof of delivery signed returned to shipper
Trucker Consignee Shipper
 ‫مخطط مسير البضائع من بلد القيام الى بلد الوصول‬
‫مرسل اليه‬ ‫راسل‬
Consignee Shipper HA
HA
WB WB

1 HA HA
1
WB WB

2 Ba Ba 2

3 3

4 HA
4
WB MAWB MAWB HA
WB
5 HA Main Hub Destination Origin Main Hub 5
WB
‫ مركز الوكيل‬MAWB ‫مطار‬ ‫مطار‬ ‫مركز الوكيل‬
HA
WB
6 MAWB 6
‫الرئيسي‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫القيام‬ ‫الرئيسي‬
MAWB ‫وكيل‬ HA ‫وكيل‬ MAWB
7 ‫خدمة‬
WB
‫خدمة‬
7
‫جمارك‬ MAWB ‫جمارك‬
HA HA
8 WB WB
8
Bd P9,P10, Bd
9 HA
P11,P12, HA 9
WB WB

Bf P13 Bf
10 10
P14.P15 P7.P8
P16,P17,P18,P19 P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6
Master Operating Plan /
FORWARDER PART
ORIGIN ACTIVITIES
FORWARDER
Master Operating Plan /
CARRIER PART
ORIGIN ACTIVITIES CARRIER
TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES
CARRIER
DESTINATION ACTIVITIES
CARRIER
Master Operating Plan /
FORWARDER PART
DESTINATION ACTIVITIES
FORWARDER
Master Operating Plan
 Law
and
Regulations
• The International Civil Aviation Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations.
It codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning
and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. Its
headquarters are located in the Quartier International of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• The ICAO Council adopts standards and recommended practices concerning air navigation, its
infrastructure, flight inspection, prevention of unlawful interference, and facilitation of border-
crossing procedures for international civil aviation. ICAO defines the protocols for air accident
investigation followed by transport safety authorities in countries signatory to the Chicago
Convention on International Civil Aviation.
• The Air Navigation Commission (ANC) is the technical body within ICAO. The Commission is
composed of 19 Commissioners, nominated by the ICAO's contracting states, and appointed by
the ICAO Council.[3] Commissioners serve as independent experts, who although nominated by
their states, do not serve as state or political representatives. The development of international
Standards And Recommended Practices is done under the direction of the ANC through the
formal process of ICAO Panels. Once approved by the Commission, standards are sent to the
Council, the political body of ICAO, for consultation and coordination with the Member States
before final adoption.
• ICAO is distinct from other international air transport organizations, like the International Air
Transport Association (IATA), a trade association representing airlines; the Civil Air Navigation
Services Organization (CANSO), an organization for Air navigation service providers (ANSPs); and
the Airports Council International, a trade association of airport authorities.
 IATA: International Air Transport Association
• IATA stands for International Air Transport Association. It is a private organization (trade association) promoting
cooperation among the world's scheduled airlines to ensure safe, secure, reliable and economical air services,
i.e. it offers consulting services to the airline industry.
• Around 275 airlines are associated with it. The services provided by IATA include fleet and sales planning, cargo
security, capacity management, airport operations management, aviation security, airspace planning etc.
Furthermore, it also offers revenue management and pricing, billing, financing, accounting, and currency
clearance services.
Headquarter
• It is headquartered in Montreal, Canada. It has its executive offices in Geneva Switzerland.
History
• IATA was formed in April 1945 in Havana Cuba. It was the replacement of the International Air Traffic
Association which was formed in 1919 at The Hague.
• At starting IATA has 57 airlines from 31 countries but at present time there are almost 250 airlines are
associated with it.
Goals of IATA
• 1) Safety: Safety is main priority of IATA. It provides a safety instrument called IATA Operation Safety Audit
(IOSA). It is also mandated at the state level by several countries. Aviation posts 2012 the safest year ever. In
2014, IATA set up a special panel to track aircraft in flight in real time.
• 2) Security: Security is a very important issue after the tragedy of 9/11. So, it follows a set of rules to ensure
security.
• 3) Simplifying the Business: This program was launched in 2004. This initiative was introduced to facilitate the
passengers, including electronic tickets, bar coded boarding pass, fast travel initiative and many other things.
*TACT Rules
*TACT Rates
*DGR
*LAR
*AHM
*PER
*TCR
*ULDR
*IGOM
*ICHM
*lithium Batteries Guidelines
*Infectious Substances Shipping Guidelines
• TSA : The Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
is an agency of the U.S. Department of Homeland
Security that has authority over the security of the
traveling public in the United States. It was created as a
response to the September 11, 2001 attacks.
• DFT : The Department for Transport (DfT)
is the government department responsible for the
English transport network and a limited number of
transport matters in Scotland, Wales and Northern
Ireland that have not been devolved.
• LBA : The Luftfahrt-Bundesamt (LBA, "Federal Aviation
Office")
is the national civil aviation authority of Germany
headquartered in Braunschweig.
 ACC3
• ‘Air Cargo or Mail Carrier operating into the
Union from a Third Country Airport’.
• It is required by the European Union (including
Iceland, Norway and Switzerland) for carriers to
fly air cargo into or through the EU.
• By 1st July 2014, carrier stations in third countries
must have an Security Validation in order to
acquire or maintain their ACC3 designation.
• This validation needs to be reissued every five
years
 EU 1082 / 2012 6-C3
VALIDATION CHECKLIST FOR ACC3
• Part 1: Identification of the entity validated and the
validator
• Part 2: Organisation and responsibilities of the ACC3 at
the airport
• Part 3: Security programme of the air carrier
• Part 4: Staff recruitment and training
• Part 5: Acceptance procedures
• Part 6: Database
• Part 7: Screening
• Part 8: High risk cargo or mail (HRCM)
• Part 9: Protection
• Part 10: Accompanying documentation
• Part 11: Compliance
 RA3
• Third Country Regulated Agent
• An RA3 is a cargo-handling entity located in a
third country that is validated and approved as
such on the basis of an EU aviation security
validation
• An RA3 must ensure security controls, including
screening, are applied to all EU/EEA bound
consignments and protected from interference
• Based on the prerequisites as stated in EU
185/2010
 EU 654 / 2013 6-C2
VALIDATION CHECKLIST FOR THIRD COUNTRY EU AVIATION
SECURITY VALIDATED REGULATED AGENTS RA3
• Part 1: Identification of the entity validated and the
validator
• Part 2: Organization and responsibilities of third country
EU aviation security validated regulated agent
• Part 3: Staff recruitment and training
• Part 4: Acceptance Procedures
• Part 5: Screening
• Part 6: High-Risk Cargo or Mail (HRCM)
• Part 7: Protection of secured air cargo and mail
• Part 8: Documentation
• Part 9: Transportation
• Part 10: Compliance
 1 2 3 4 5
Known/Account Consignors Unknown Consignors

Regulated Agent Non-Regulated Agent

Security Control

Airline

Security Control
 IOSA Standard Manual
IOSA : IATA operational safety audit

• Section 1 : Organization and Management System

(ORG);
• Section 2 : Flight Operations (FLT);
• Section 3 : Operational Control and Flight Dispatch
(DSP);
• Section 4 : Aircraft Engineering and Maintenance
(MNT);
• Section 5 : Cabin Operations (CAB);
• Section 6 : Ground Handling Operations (GRH);
• Section 7 : Cargo Operations (CGO);
• Section 8 : Security Management (SEC).
 SECTION 7 – CARGO OPERATIONS (CGO)
• 1 Management and Control ........................................................................................................... CGO-1
• 1.1 Management System .................................................................................................................. CGO-1
• 1.2 Authorities and Responsibilities .................................................................................................. CGO-1
• 1.3 Communication........................................................................................................................... CGO-2
• 1.4 Provision of Resources ................................................................................................................ CGO-2
• 1.5 Documentation System ................................................................................................................ CGO3
• 1.6 Operational Manuals .................................................................................................................. CGO-3
• 1.7 Records System ........................................................................................................................... CGO-5
• 1.8 (Intentionally open) .................................................................................................................... CGO-5
• 1.9 Quality Assurance Program ......................................................................................................... CGO-5
• 1.10 Outsourcing and Product Quality Control ................................................................................... CGO-6
• 1.11 Safety Management .................................................................................................................... CGO-6
• 2 Training and Qualification ........................................................................................................... CGO-8
• 2.1 Training Program ........................................................................................................................ CGO-8
• 2.2 Program Elements ....................................................................................................................... CGO-9
• 2.3 SMS Training ............................................................................................................................. CGO-11
• 3 Acceptance and Handling .......................................................................................................... CGO-11
• 3.1 General Cargo ........................................................................................................................... CGO-11
• 3.2 Dangerous Goods ...................................................................................................................... CGO-12
• 3.3 Live Animals and Perishables .................................................................................................... CGO-16
• 3.4 Other Special Cargo................................................................................................................... CGO-17
• 3.5 Unit Load Device (ULD) ............................................................................................................. CGO-17
• 3.6 Combi Aircraft Operations ........................................................................................................ CGO-18
• 3.7 Security ..................................................................................................................................... CGO-18
 ISAGO Standard Manual
IATA safety audit for ground operation

• Section 1 : Organization and Management

(ORM-H, ORM-HS, ORM-S);
• Section 2 : Load Control (LOD);
• Section 3 : Passenger and Baggage Handling
(PAB);
• Section 4 : (Intentionally Open);
• Section 5 : Aircraft Handling and Loading (HDL);
• Section 6 : Aircraft Ground Movement (AGM);
• Section 7 : Cargo and Mail Handling (CGM).
 Section 7 : Cargo and Mail Handling (CGM).
• 1 Cargo/Mail Acceptance and Handling .................................... CGM 1
• 1.1 General
• 1.2 Dangerous Goods
• 1.3 Live Animals and Perishables
• 1.4 Other Special
• 1.5 Unit Load Devices (ULDs)
• 2 Cargo Security ....................................................................... CGM 6
• 2.1 Facilities
• 2.2 Operations
 WHO Good Distribution Practices for Pharmaceutical Products Annex 5
1. Introduction
2. Scope of the document
3. Glossary
4. General principles
5. Regulation of the distribution of pharmaceutical products
6. Organization and management
7. Personnel
8. Quality system
9. Premises, warehousing and storage
10. vehicles and equipment
11. Shipment containers and container labeling
12. Dispatch and receipt
13. Transportation and products in transit
14. Documentation
15. Repacking and relabeling
16. Complaints
17. Recalls
18. Returned products
19. Counterfeit pharmaceutical products
20. Importation
21. Contract activities
22. Self inspection
 Air Cargo
Management
 Cargo 2000 (C2K) Vision and Mission

Vision

C2K defines quality standards for the supply chain, is improving the efficiency of
the air cargo industry, improving customer Service and reducing costs to all
participants by implementing a program of agreed business and automation
standards, which are measurable and lead to quality competitive performance.

Mission

C2K is a self funded non-profit interest group sponsored by IATA, with the mission
to create and implement a quality standard and management system for the
worldwide air cargo industry.
Cargo 2000 C2K
 The three phases of Cargo 2000
Chain
Monitoring level Visual Representation
definition

Airport to Master AWB level

1
Airport (A2A) Shipment planning & tracking

House AWB level; Shipment

Door to Door
2 planning & tracking
(D2D)
(Example of 3 HAWB)

Shipment planning & tracking at

Door to Door
3 piece level with document
(D2D)
tracking
 Route Map Creation
The Route Map
• describes the path the freight shipment follows
• is created when the booking is accepted and
• includes flight bookings as well as the checkpoints / timestamps required in the
various Phases
• Verifies progress of the freight movement continually
• determines whether service commitments are kept
 Route Map Creation
DLV Phase
Flight Dep. Flight Arr.
1

(Arr time plus

offset)
(Dep time
minus offset) (Arr time
plus offset)

Delivery Freight &

Freight Shipment
Cut-off Docs ready
Departure On Hand
Time for Delivery

When a Forwarder makes a booking pre-defined offsets

are used to create a 6 point Route Map
FWB
Air Cargo Handling
 TYPES
(Cargo, Packages, and packaging materials )
• Cargo Types
– General Cargo (small and big pieces, created , non created, containerized,
palletized).

– Special Cargo (dangerous goods, live animals, pharmaceuticals ,

perishables, valuable, human remains , fragile, big, heavy, arms and ammunition, wet
cargo, diplomatic mail …Etc.)

• Packages Types (loose unpacked, rigid box or drum, or others, and

flexible type )

• Packaging Materials Types (non, plastic, paper, fiberboard,

wood, metal, glass, porcelain, ceramic, and textiles)
Packing:
 Labeling
Labeling
Registered exporters
Colour, Shapes and
Sizes
 Cargo acceptance:
Consignments will be accepted for air carriage if such
consignments do not violate any national regulations or application
laws. In order to determine if a consignment is acceptable for
carriage, we must observe the following:
Documents:
Shipper's Letter of Instruction (SLI) for issuing Airway bill form
A Letter of Instruction with Shipper's Letterhead
The Airway bill
Shipper's Declaration of Transport for Dangerous Goods (DG)
Shipper's Certificate of Live Animals
Commercial Invoice, Customs documentations
Certificate of Origin
 Cargo acceptance Cont…
US Government Bill of Lading
Health Certificate for Live Animals
Death Certificate, Burial Certificate and Embalming Certificate for
shipping Human remains via air
Export/import or transit license/permits which the carrier is
required to present to customs or any other government agencies
Independent Surveyor's report confirming items to be exported or
their quality, quantity and weight/dimensions
Agricultural, Phytosanitory or Fisheries Certificates and Fumigation
Certificates for certain agro-based for all wood material and
packaging material
Pharmaceutical or Chemistry Certificate for such products,
especially poisons.
 Cargo acceptance Cont…
Size
Payment
Goods' Description, Packing, Marking/Labelling, Destination
 INTRODUCTION OF AIRWAY BILL
• Air waybill certifies execution of cargo
transportation agreement, acceptance of cargo for
transportation and cargo transportation conditions.
• Air waybill is issued based on a signed shipper's
application for cargo transportation
• the Company or its ground handling agent issue air
waybill
• three original copies of air waybill
– original remains at the airport of destination
– the consignee
– for the shipper upon acceptance of cargo.
Air Way Bill AWB
 Security clearance
• X-ray.
• Open and Verify
– Re-packing is with the
consignor.
• Observing cooling period of
24 hour.
– The direct supervision of the
duty manager or cargo
manager.
 CARGO MANIFESTATION
• It is a documents to include a list of all Air Way
Bills (AWBs) forwarded on a specific flight .
• It is prepared at the origin station and sent on
board its flight to inform the destination
station by all shipments on board.
• It is used to check the actual arrived shipment
against the documents to find any
discrepancies needs to be followed up .
CARGO MANIFEST
 Loading of Cargo
• Door Dimension of the Cargo Hold
– The parcel size is less than door of air craft
• Locker Capacity
• Floor loading capacity
• Sector wise loading
– One sector should not get
mixed up with the load of the other sector.
 Cargo arrival and Off loading
After arrival of air craft to destination
• The pouch containing the cargo manifest and
consignment notes are removed.
• Check list is filled
• Sending a cargo arrival notice is send to
consignee.
 Delivery of cargo
• CTM-All interline cargo shall be
accepted/delivered to and from other carriers
only under a Cargo Transfer Manifest.
• Consignee may be identified personally by a
responsible officer.
• Consignment note is entered in delivery
resister.
Dangerous Goods Regulations
Dangerous Goods Regulations
 Live Animals Regulations
• Chapter 1–Application of these Regulations
• Chapter 2–Government Regulations
• Chapter 3–Carrier Regulations
• Chapter 4–Reservations and Advance Arrangements
• Chapter 5–Animal Behaviour
• Chapter 6–Listing, Description and Sizes of Species
• Chapter 7–Documentation
• Chapter 8–Container Requirements
• Chapter 9–Marking and Labeling
• Chapter 10–Handling Procedures
• Chapter 11–Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and Flora
• Chapter 12–Life Science Logistics for Laboratory Animals
• Chapter 13–World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)
Hatching Eggs
 Pharmaceuticals Care

Active Container
Active Container
Pacive Container
Styrofoam with inner Container Cryonic Container
Perishables Handling
Aircrafts ULD Types
Aircraft Fuselage
and
ULD Loading
Upper Deck
Main Deck

Lower Deck

Deck: A Structural floor level

Aircraft Bulk
Loading
Aircraft Weight
and
Balance
Air Freight Rates
 Cargo Rates Categories
–General Cargo (small and big pieces, created ,
non created, containerized, palletized).
– M , N , Q +45 +100 + 300 + 500 + 1000

–Special Cargo (dangerous goods, live animals,

pharmaceuticals , perishables, valuable, human remains ,
fragile, big, heavy, arms and ammunition, wet cargo,
diplomatic mail …Etc.)
– C Specific Commodity Rate
– Class rates:
• S Surcharge Rate
• R Reduced Rate
– U ULD Rate B K+