B2

Beszédértés 1. Hozzárendelés

You are going to hear five careers advisers talking to young people who are preparing for their first interview for
a job. First you will have 1 minute to study the task below. Then you will hear the text twice. Between the two
listenings you will have 30 seconds to think about the answers. While listening, match the speakers (1-5) to the
advice they give (A-F) by writing the appropriate letter in the box after each speaker. There is ONE extra piece of
advice that you do not need to use. After the second listening, you will have 1 minute to finalise your answers.
Start studying the task now.

How to Prepare for a First Interview

SPEAKER ADVICE
1 A Think of why you want to work for that company.
2 B Avoid concentrating on your free-time interests.
3 C Find out all you can about the company.
4 D Make a list of all your strengths.
5 E Give full answers to all the questions.
F Think about how to improve your weak points.
 B2

Beszédértés – (Humán-/Reálmodul) 2. Kiegészítés

You are going to hear a text about (TOPIC). First you will have 1 minute to study the table below. Then you will
hear the text twice. Between the two listenings you will have 30 seconds to think about the answers. While
listening, complete the notes (1-8) in a maximum of FOUR words. There is one example (0) at the beginning. After
the second listening, you will have 1 minute to finalise your answers.
Start studying the task now.

(Title)

(TOPICS) (answer: short sentence/list of 3 items) (example answer

given) (0) 
____________________ (1)
____________________ (2)
____________________ (3)
____________________ (4)
____________________ (5)
____________________ (6)
____________________ (7)
____________________ (8)
 B2

Beszédkészség – (Humán-/Reálmodul) 1. Kiselőadás

Read this text about ‘Social jet lag’ and then prepare a 3-4 minute oral talk in answer to the question below,
using the text as a starting point. You can use ideas from the text but do not quote sentences or give a
summary of the article. During the talk you may use the notes you have made but you are not allowed to
read them out. You will have 10 minutes to prepare.

Question: What do you think of the idea that workplaces should adjust
working hours to the body clock of their workers?

‘Social jet lag’* causes tiredness and illness

Half the people in modern urban societies suffer from “social jet lag” because their body clocks are seriously
out of step with their real lives. This causes chronic fatigue and an increased sensibility to illnesses,
researches found. They concluded that employers should tell staff to wake up in their own time and come in
to work when they feel ready to.

Till Roenneberg, a circadian rhythm researcher at Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich, coined the
phrase “social jet lag” after conducting a survey that showed a persistent mismatch of at least two hours
between people’s biological clocks and the demands of their jobs or education.

Biological clock researchers say society as a whole pays far too little attention to the stresses caused by the
mismatch between modern life and the ancient human body clock. Employers and schools could do a lot to
help, by adjusting their working hours, said Martha Merrow of Groningen University in the Netherlands.
“Schools should open later; I think 10am would be sensible but no one wants the inconvenience of making
the change.” According to Prof Roenneberg, “Employers should say: ‘Please wake up in your own time and
come in when you are ready.’

*jet lag: when you feel tired because you have just travelled a long distance on an aircraft [időeltolódás
okozta kimerültség]

*social jet lag: tiredness and disorientation occuring when our body clocks fall out of sync with the
demands of our environment [társadalmi időeltolódás]
 B2

Beszédkészség 2. Beszélgetés a vizsgáztatóval

1. What do you do for a living?

2. Where are you employed? What is your position? What are your responsibilities?
3. How long have you been working there? Do you enjoy working there?
4. What are the working conditions like? How do you get on with your colleagues and your boss?
5. Have you got possibilities for training and good chances of promotion?
6. How many jobs have you worked in so far? What were your previous jobs like?
7. Why did you give up your previous jobs?
8. Have you ever done manual work/worked flexitime?
9. Have you ever been unemployed?
10. What would you write in a letter of application if you applied for a job?
11. How can you change your job?
12. Is it easy to find a job nowadays?
13. When did you last go to a job interview? What was it like?
14. What do you consider the most important thing about a job? What would you say is less important?
15. Does your present job meet your requirements? What do/don’t you like about it?
16. Would you like to retire from your present job or are you considering changing your job?
17. How do you normally spend the day at work? (full-time/part-time? start/finish work? breaks?)
18. How can jobs be grouped? (white/blue collar; profession/skilled/unskilled; etc.)
19. What is gross/net salary? What deductions are made on your salary? What does the percentage of
income tax depend on?
20. Which are the best-paid jobs in Hungary nowadays?
21. What occupation would you recommend to your son/daughter? Why?
22. What qualities do you need to be a good teacher/driver/nurse?
23. Do you think people have enough money to put aside and save up?
24. What do people save for in Hungary today?
25. How many unemployed are there in this country? Do they get any help from the state?
26. What money can you get from the state if you are out of work someway?
27. What is the retirement age in Hungary?
 B2

Beszédkészség – (Humán-/Reálmodul) 3. Beszélgetés a vizsgázótárssal

CANDIDATE A

Agree or disagree with your partner’s ideas, and finally try to reach an agreement. Talk about
at least 2 things you see written on your card. You can also add your own idea.

IDEA 1 IDEA 2

DO YOU THINK IT IS BETTER TO WORK FLEXITIME

THAN FIXED TIME?

IDEA 3 Anything else?

CANDIDATE B

IDEA 4 IDEA 5

DO YOU THINK IT IS BETTER TO WORK FLEXITIME

THAN FIXED TIME?

IDEA 6 Anything else?

 B2

Írott szöveg értése és nyelvismeret – (Humán-/Reálmodul)

1. Rövid választ igénylő kérdések

Read the following text. Answer the questions (1-10) after the text in a maximum of FIVE words on the lines that
follow the questions. There is an example (0) at the beginning.

Work experience

Alongside the more familiar parental anxieties – such as placing children in good schools and universities – there is
now a new cause for concern. Finding the right work experience, say teachers and employment experts, has
become a key step to future career success.

The number of graduates with good grades is rocketing and employers, unable to distinguish between candidates
on academic grounds, are looking for something extra on the CV. Thus, with more and more people getting into
higher education, the importance of work experience is set to rise further. Those who can develop early the office
skills that employers like – such as teamwork and personal communication – will prosper at the expense of the
rest.

Why employers now look beyond academic qualifications is illustrated by the experience of Allen & Overy, a City
law practice. It is so inundated with applications that a spokesman said: “Due to the excessive numbers of
applications we receive, we only consider people with very good degrees. Beyond that we look to see if applicants
have interesting work experience. It is something that can set candidates apart.”

The irony is that – despite the government’s drive for equality in education – it is still who you know that counts.
“You’ve really got to use your grapevine, people you know who are in interesting jobs, people you’ve studied with –
do they have any friends or parents in jobs that you’d like to do?” Dr Peter Hawkins, a graduate employment
expert at Liverpool University said.

The problem is partly that there are not enough openings to go round. The expansion of higher education has not
led to an increase in the demand for ‘knowledge workers’. Up to 40% of graduates are in non-graduate work.

Even work experience opportunities that sound exciting can prove to be deeply disappointing. There is, of course,
a fine line between work experience and ‘slave labour’. One 23-year-old graduate, who wished to remain
anonymous, said last week that a threemonth stint with a television production company had put him off a
broadcasting career.

“It taught me that in television there is an attitude that work experience people are free labour,” he said. “We were
expected to do the dirty work for nothing."

However, even that sort of experience can be valuable. Dr Martin Stephen, headmaster of St Paul’s boys’ school,
suggested that working in a supermarket should not be sniffed at.

“The work experience that I would personally support would be stacking shelves – I think it’s a wonderful
experience,” he said. “It’s the real world. And I think it’s not a bad thing to make a child live off what they earn for
five or six weeks. That’s real learning.”

 0 What is the newest concern of parents, besides

finding good schools and universities for their
children?
finding the right work experience

1 What are employers seeking in the CVs of applicants

when they can’t distinguish them on the basis of their
grades?

2 Which of the office skills that employers prefer are

mentioned in the text?
 B2

3 What kind of company is Allen & Overy?

4 According to Allen & Overy, what can set applicants

apart besides great degrees?

5 According to Dr. Hawkins, what really counts in

finding good work experience?

6 What is Dr. Hawkins’ job?

7 Where did the 23 year old anonymous graduate

complete his work experience?

8 What was the attitude at that place towards work

experience people?

9 What kind of work does Dr. Stephen mention as a

great experience?

10 Why does he support that kind of work experience?

 B2

Írott szöveg értése és nyelvismeret 2. Mondatrész visszahelyezése szövegbe

Read the following text. Parts of some sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the most suitable part
from the list (A-H) for each gap (1-6) in the text. There is ONE EXTRA part that you do not need to use. Write your
answers in the gaps. There is an example (0) at the beginning.

Executives volunteer their hard-nosed business skills

Entrepreneurs, top executives and City professionals are paying £1,000 a year for the privilege of being a member
of the Pilotlight Club, (0) ___F___.
The club, which has 100 members, was started on 16 June 2003 by Jane Tewson, one of the co-founders of Comic
Relief, (1) _______.
The minimum effort required from members is just two hours’ voluntary work a month, which appeals to busy
executives who want to give more than money but cannot make an open-ended commitment.
This was ideal for Garret Turley, (2) _______. Now their Pet Doctors chain comprises 23 surgeries around the South
East, and turned over £9 million last year.
“I wanted to help people who hadn’t had the same good fortune as myself, (3) _______,” he says. “This is flexible,
you can be upfront about what you can and can’t do, and it’s focused. You’re going in, doing a job and getting
out.“
Sam Berwick, 43, (4) _______, the investment banking arm of Japan’s biggest bank, agrees: “Pilotlight gave me an
opportunity to make more than a financial difference.”
Pilotlight’s charities are as varied as the executives working for them. For example, Headway helps young men
with acquired brain injuries to readjust to family and working life, (5) _______. Praxis works with refugees, asylum
seekers and migrants.
Pilotlight carefully matches its volunteers to the charity they can best assist after a thorough assessment of the
charity’s needs. Fiona Halton, the managing director of Pilotlight, (6) _______.

A but I didn’t want to spend Saturday afternoons shaking a box

collecting money outside Sainsbury’s
B estimates that the volunteers have given more than £100,000
in professional advice over the past year
C to harness the business skills of volunteers to help 12
promising charities, both new and established
D while the TreeHouse Trust educates children with autism
E who is a managing director of Mizuho International
F a charity that matches talented businesspeople with small
charities that need their particular skills and expertise
G a 36-year-old vet who bought his first surgery with a friend in
1998
H doing voluntary work for several charities all over the country
 B2

Írott szöveg értése és nyelvismeret 3. Igaz/hamis állítás

Read the following text. Then read the sentences (1-8) below and decide if they are true or false. Mark the
statements true (T) or false (F) in the boxes after the sentences. There is an example (0) at the beginning.

Into the dark ages

Retirement was once regarded as a time to enjoy the fruits of one’s lifelong labors, join bridge clubs, cruise the
Caribbean and enjoy the grandkids. But, apparently, fewer and fewer young folk are naive enough to believe that.
According to a study released last week by the Principal Financial Group, a financial-services firm, citizens in
several countries think the future’s so bleak, they have to prepare for the worst.

The Principal Global Financial Well-Being Study canvassed 5,000 working adults in 11 countries about their visions
of retirement. Most pessimistic are the French, 56 percent of whom think their standard of living in retirement will
be „worse than it is now”. High numbers of Japanese and Brazilians also have bleak outlooks, whereas Americans,
Chinese and Mexicans are more optimistic – due in part to the firecracker Chinese economy and Mexico’s steps
toward pension reform, says the report.

Even those with a rosier view are skeptical about the role government will play in their future well-being.
Worldwide, only 5 percent of all the global respondents think their government is doing „very well” to ensure
financial stability for retirees. Mind you, those questioned don’t seem to expect much more from companies – only
24 percent of respondents are „very confident” of receiving full benefits from their employers. Maybe we should
rename the golden years. How about the Dark Ages?

True False
0 Previously, people tended to see retirement as a time x 0 
of joy.
1 Nowadays people tend to think of their future 1
retirement in a more pessimistic way.
2 The study found that the Japanese and Brazilians 2
have the most pessimistic views of retirement.
3 Mexican people are more optimistic, perhaps 3
because Mexico is planning a pension reform.
4 The pessimistic views of the Chinese are due to the 4
bad economic situation in China.
5 Only 5 per cent of respondents thought that the 5
government guarantees financial stability for the
retired very well.
6 More than a quarter of people interviewed said they 6
expect to get full benefits from their companies.
 B2

Írott szöveg értése és nyelvismeret – (Humán-/Reálmodul)

4. Hiányos szöveg kiegészítése 4 válaszlehetőségből/szókészletből

Read the following text. Some words have been removed from it. Choose the correct answer ( A, B, C or D) for
each gap (1-10) in the text. There is an example (0) at the beginning.

Teaming with bright ideas – Better ways of working together

Companies are eager these days (0) ___B___ emphasise that they are organised around teams. A recent series of
advertisements for Microsoft featured teams of employees from the giant software company getting excited about
the various projects on which they were working together.
Headhunters are increasingly being asked to assemble teams of top executives, not merely to find a (1) _______
high-performing CEO (Chief Executive Officer). And the bosses themselves are expected to be good (2) _______
putting together teams.
The speed and efficiency with which effective teams (3) _______ brought together to resolve problems is crucial to
success in the modern organisation. A recent Harvard Business Review article explains how teamwork within Linux,
the software company, managed to build a barrage to protect the system (4) _______ a virus that had breached a
vulnerable spot: “Despite the need for the highest security, a group of some 20 people, scarcely any of whom had
ever met, employed by a dozen different companies, living in as many time zones and straying far from their job
descriptions, accomplished in about 29 hours what might have taken colleagues under the same roof weeks or
months.”
The authors of the article argue that Linux (5) _______ more successful at resolving the problem than its more
conventionally structured rival Microsoft would have been. They describe the Linux people as “virtuoso
practitioners of new work principles that produce energised teams and lower costs.”
But it is not only geeks in the software industry who have learnt to work in this way. The article says that the
management methods of Toyota, the company (6) _______ invented “lean manufacturing” (the remorseless
elimination of waste) resemble the methods employed by the Linux community. One stroke of genius at Toyota
was to apply the principles of lean manufacturing to inventory. What could be more wasteful (7) _______ having
shelves piled high with supplies that were not going to (8) _______ for weeks or months?
This gave rise to the “just-in-time” method (9) _______ stock control. Toyota realised that the best way to make this
system work was to allow the workers on the factory floor to control the flow of supplies because they had the
information that would keep stocks at their lowest.
This forced Toyota to decentralise decision-making and, unlike (10) _______ Japanese companies, empower its
shop-floor workers.

(0) A that B to C of D in
(1) A single B one C only D separate
(2) A in B about C on D at
(3) A can B could have C could D can be
(4) A from B against C for D to
(5) A had B were C was D have
(6) A that B where C what D who
(7) A that B as C than D so
(8) A be used B used C use D be using
(9) A at B into C for D of
(10) A much B less C most D least
 B2

Íráskészség 1. Levél

You would like to work as an au-pair in London. You read the following advertisement in the Guardian.

Interested in working in ITALY or the UK as a Mother’s help with friendly

families?
Family Services, a top agency with 30 years experience, can help you find a
position with
excellent pay and conditions, good families, generous free time and opportunities
for study.

Contact Family Services on 020 8946 5728

or
info@[Link]
Language course?
How much?
Working hours?
Duties?
Meals with the family?

Write an e-mail of between 120 and 150 words to the agency. Ask about ALL the points you have
underlined with the help of the bubbles. Do not write any dates or addresses in your letter and do not sign it,
either.

Dear Sir/Madam,