G. D.

GOENKA PUBLIC SCHOOL, BAREILLY

NUMERICAL SHEET : CLASS 12
TOPIC : CURRENT ELECTRICITY
1. The charge flowing in a conductor varies with time as Q=2t−6 t 2+ 10 t 3 . Find (i) the initial current (ii)
the time after which the value of current reaches a maximum value (iii) the maximum or minimum value
of current. [2 A, 0.2 s, 0.8 A]
2. A wire of length l and resistance R Ω is twisted to make its thickness 3 times. What is the new
resistance? [R/81 Ω]
3. The resistance of a conductor is 6Ω at 50 oC and 7Ω at 100oC. Calculate the mean temperature coefficient
of resistance of the material. Find the resistance of the material at 0oC. [3.33 x 10-3 oC-1, 5.143 Ω]
4. The resistance of a platinum wire of platinum wire resistance thermometer at the ice point is 5Ω and at
steam point is 5.23 Ω. When thermometer is inserted in a hot bath, the resistance becomes 5.795 Ω.
Calculate the temperature of the bath. [345.65oC ]
5. At what temperature would the resistance of a copper conductor be double of its value at 0 oC? the
temperature coefficient of copper is 4.0 x 10-3 oC-1. [250oC]
6. When current of 0.5 A is passed through two resistances in series, the potential difference across the
series arrangement is 12.5V. On connecting them in parallel and passing the current of 1.5 A, the
potential difference between the ends is 6V. Calculate the two resistances. [20Ω, 5Ω]
7. Find the resistance between (i) A and B (ii) C and D

A 10Ω 10Ω 10Ω B

10Ω 10Ω

D 10Ω C
10Ω 10Ω

8. A set of 4 cells, each of emf 2 V and internal resistance 1.5 Ω, are connected across an external load of
10 Ω with 2 rows, 2 cells in each branch. Calculate the current in each branch and potential difference
across 10 Ω. [0.174 A, 3.48 V]
9. Calculate the resistance of a 2 m long nichrome wire of radius 0.321 mm. Resistivity of nichrome is
−6
15 ×10 Ωm. If a potential difference of 10 V is applied across this wire, what will be the current in the
wire ? (Ans. 9.26 Ω, 1.08 A)
10. An electron beam has an aperture of 1.0 mm². A total of 6 ×10 16 electrons flow through any
perpendicular cross-section per second. Calculate (i) the current and (ii) the current density in
the electron beam. (Ans. (i) 9.6 × 10−3 A (ii) 9.6 × 10³ Am²)
11. A wire of resistance 50Ω is uniformly stretched until its new length becomes 4 times the original length.
Find its new resistance.
12. A rheostat has 100 turns of a wire of radius 0.4 mm having resistivity 4.2 ×10−72 m. The diameter of
each turn is 3 cm. What is the maximum value of resistance that it can introduce?(Ans. 7.875 Ω)
13. Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area
−7 23 3
2.5 x 10 m² carrying a current of 2.7 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to be 9 x 10 m .
(Ans. 0.75 mms-1)
14. A copper wire of diameter 1.0 mm carries a current of 0.2 A. Copper has 8.4 × 1028 atoms per cubic
metre. Find the drift velocity of electrons, assuming that one charge carrier of 1.6 ×10−19 C is associated
with each atom of the metal. (Ans. 1.895 ×105 m s−1)
15. A current of 2 A is flowing through a wire of length 4 m and cross-sectional area 1 mm². If each cubic
metre of the wire contains 10 free electrons, find the average time taken by an electron to cross the
length of the wire. (Ans. 3.2 ×104 s)
16. The resistances of iron and copper wires at 20° C are 3.9Ω and 4.1Ω respectively. At what temperature
will the resistances be equal? Temperature coefficient of resistivity for iron is 5.0 ×10−3 K −1 and for
copper it is 4.0 × 10−3 K−1. Neglect any thermal expansion. (Ans. 84.5° C)
17. The resistance of a silver wire at 0°C is 1.25Ω. Upto what temperature it must be heated so that its
resistance is doubled? The temperature coefficient of resistance of silver is 0.00375 ° C−1 . Will the
temperature be same for all silver conductors of all shapes ? (Ans. 267° C, Yes)
18. The resistance of a coil used in a platinum-resistance thermometer at 0°C is 3.00Ω and at 100°C is
3.75Ω. Its resistance at an unknown temperature is measured as 3.15Ω. Calculate the unknown
temperature. (Ans. 20°C)
19. The temperature coefficient of a resistance wire is 0.00125 ° C−1 . At 300 K, its resistance is 1 Ω. At what
temperature the resistance of the wire will be 2 Ω ? (Ans. 1127 K)
20. A solution of NaCl discharges 6.1 ×1016 N a+¿¿ ions and 4.6 × 1016 C l−¿¿ ions in 2 seconds. Find the
current passing through the solution. (Ans. 8.56 ×10−3 A)
21. Protons in cosmic-rays strike the earth's upper atmosphere at a rate, average over the earth's surface of
10 protons m−2 s−1. What total current does the earth receive from beyond its atmosphere in the form of
incident cosmic ray protons? The earth's radius is 6.4 × 106 m. (Ans. 0.823 mA)
22. A wire is stretched to increase its length by 5%. Calculate percentage change in its resistance.
(Ans. 10.25%)
23. A uniform wire of resistance 4 Ω is bent into the form of a circle of radius r. A specimen of the same
wire is connected along the diameter of the circle. What is the equivalent resistance across the

(
ends of this wire ? Ans .
4
4+ π )
Ω

24. 20 cells each of internal resistance 0.5 Ω and e.m.f. 1.5 V each are used to send a current through an
external resistance of (i) 500 Ω (ii) 0.005 Ω (iii) 2.5 Ω. How would you arrange them to get the
maximum current in each case ? Find the value of current in each case. (Ans. (i) In series; 0.059 A (ii) In
parallel; 50.0 A (iii) In mixed grouping; 2 rows and 10 cells in each row, 3.0 A)
25. n identical cells are joined in series with two cells A and B with reverse polarities. EMF of each cell is E

( ( 2n ))
and internal resistance r. What is the potential difference across the cell A or B ? Ans . 2 E 1−

26. An infinite ladder net work of resistance is constructed with 1 Ω and 2 Ω resistances, as shown in Fig.
The 6 V battery between A and B has negligible internal resistance.
(a) Show that the effective resistance between A and B is 2 Ω.
(b) What is the current that passes through the 2 Ω resistance nearest to the battery. (Ans. 1.5A)

27. When 10 cells in series are connected to the ends of a resistance of 59 Ω , the current is found to be
0.25A, but when the same cells after being connected in parallel are joined to the ends of a 0.05 Ω , the
current is 25 A. Calculate the internal resistance and emf of each cell. (Ans. 0.12, 1.5 V)
28. Find the minimum number of cells required to produce an electric current of 1.5 A through a resistance
of 30 Ω. Given that the emf of each cell is 1.5 V and internal resistance 1.0 Ω. (Ans. 120 cells, 60 cells
in one row and two rows in parallel)
29. Two identical cells, whether joined together in series or in parallel give the same current, when
connected to an external resistance of 1 Ω. Find the internal resistance of each cell. (Ans. 1 Ω)
30. The potential difference between the terminals of a battery of emf 6.0 V and internal resistance 1 Ω
drops to 5.8 V when connected across an external resistor. Find the resistance of the external resistor.
(Ans. 29 Ω)
31. The potential difference between the terminals of a 6.0 V battery is 7.2 V when it is being charged by a
current of 2.0 A. What is the internal resistance of the battery? (Ans. 0.6 Ω)
32. A battery of emf 2 V and internal resistance 0.5 Ω is connected across a resistance of 9.5 Ω. How many
electrons pass through a cross-section of the resistance in 1 second ? (Ans. 1.25 ×1018 )
33. A cell of emf ε & and internal resistance r is connected across a variable load resistor R . It is found that
when R = 4 Ω, the current is 1A and when R is increased to 9 Ω , the current reduces to 0.5 A. Find the
values of the emf ε & and internal resistance r. (Ans. 5 V, 1 Ω)
34. The emf of a battery is 4.0 V and its internal resistance is 1.5 Ω. Its potential difference is measured by a
voltmeter of resistance 1000 Ω. Calculate the percentage error in the reading of emf shown by voltmeter.
(Ans. 0.15%)
MCQs
1. The potential difference applied to an X-ray tube is 5 KV and the current through it is 3.2mA. Then the
number of electrons striking the target per second is ?

2. A beam of electrons moving at a speed of 10 6 m/s along a line produces a current of 1.6 ×10−6 A . The
(a) 2 ×1016 (b) 5 ×106 (c) 1 ×1017 (d) 4 ×1015

number of electrons in the 1 metre of the beam is

(a) 106 (b) 107 (c) 1013 (d) 1019
3. An electron is moving in a circular path of radius 5.1 ×10−11 m at a frequency of 6.8 ×1015
revolution/sec. The equivalent current is approximately
(a) 5.1 ×10−3 A (b) 6.8 ×10−3 A (c) 1.1 ×10−3 A (d) 2.2 ×10−3 A
4. A copper wire of length 1m and radius 1mm is joined in series with an iron wire of length 2m and radius
3mm and a current is passed through the wire. The ratio of current densities in the copper and iron wire
is
(a) 18 : 1 (b) 9 : 1 (c) 6 : 1 (d) 2 : 3
5. A wire has a non-uniform cross-sectional area as shown in figure. A steady current i flows through it.
Which one of the following statement is correct

(a) The drift speed of electron is constant

(b) The drift speed increases on moving from A to B
(c) The drift speed decreases on moving from A to B
(d) The drift speed varies randomly
6. Two wires of resistance R1 and R2 have temperature co-efficient of resistance R1 and R2 respectively.
These are joined in series. The effective temperature co-efficient of resistance is
7. The V-I graph for a conductor at temperature T 1 and T 2 are as shown in the figure. (T 2−T 1) is
proportional to

(a) cos 2 θ
(b) sinθ
(c) cot 2 θ
(d) tanθ
8. In the following circuit reading of voltmeter V is
(a) 12 V
(b) 8 V
(c) 20 V
(d) 16 V

9. Seven resistances are connected as shown in figure. The

equivalent resistance between A and B is
(a) 3 Ω
(b) 4 Ω
(c) 4.5 Ω
(d) 5 Ω
10. The equivalent resistance between points A and B of an
infinite network of resistance, each of 1 Ω, connected as
shown is
(a) Infinite
(b) 2 Ω
1+ √5
(c) Ω
2
(d) Zero
11. A wire of resistor R is bent into a circular ring of radius r. Equivalent resistance between two points X
and Y on its circumference, when angle XOY is α , can be given by

12. A battery of internal resistance 4 Ω is connected to the network

of resistances as shown. In order to give the maximum power to
the network, the value of R (in Ω) should be
(a) 4/9
(b) 8/9
(c) 2
(d) 18
13. A group of N cells whose emf varies directly with the internal resistance as
per the equation E N =1.5 r N are connected as shown in the following
figure. The current i in the circuit is
(a) 0.51 amp
(b) 5.1 amp
(c) 0.15 amp
(d) 1.5 amp

14. In the adjoining circuit, the battery E 1 has as emf of 12 volt and
zero internal resistance, while the battery E has an emf of 2 volt. If
the galvanometer reads zero, then the value of resistance X ohm is
 (a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 500 (d) 200

15. In the following circuit E1=4 V , R1=2 Ω , E 2=6 V , R2=2 Ω and

R3=4 Ω. The current i 1 is
(a) 1.6 A (b) 1.8 A
(c) 2.25 A (d) 1 A

16. As the switch S is closed in the circuit shown in figure, current

passed through it is
(a) 4.5 A (b) 6.0 A
(c) 3.0 A (d) Zero

Answers of MCQs;

1. a 2. b 3. c 4. b
5. c 6. c 7. c 8. a
9. b 10. c 11. a 12. c
13. d 14. b 15. b 16. a