> vec <- c(2, 4, 6)
> sum(vec)
[1] 12
> sum(vec1 * vec2)
Error: object 'vec1' not found
> vec1=c(2,3,7)
> sum(vec * vec1)
[1] 58
> sum(vec^2)
[1] 56
> head(vec,1)
[1] 2
> head(vec,3)
[1] 2 4 6
> head(vec,4)
[1] 2 4 6
> head(vec,2)
[1] 2 4
> pdt=(Vec*vec1)
Error: object 'Vec' not found
> pdt=(vec*vec1)
> print(pdt)
[1] 4 12 42
> for(i in 1:l)
+ {pdt[i]=vec[i]*vec1[i]}
Error: object 'l' not found
> for(i in 1:3)
+ {pdt[i]=vec[i]*vec1[i]}
> print(pdt)
[1] 4 12 42
> for(i in 1:3)
+ + {sum1[i]=vec[i]*vec1[i]}
Error: object 'sum1' not found
> sum1=mumeric(3)for(i in 1:3)
Error: unexpected 'for' in "sum1=mumeric(3)for"
> sum1=mumeric(3)
Error in mumeric(3) : could not find function "mumeric"
> sum1=mumeric(len(vec))
Error in mumeric(len(vec)) : could not find function "mumeric"
> sum1=numeric(len(vec))
Error in len(vec) : could not find function "len"
> sum1=numeric(length(vec))
> for(i in 1:3) {sum1[i]=vec[i]*vec1[i]}
> print(sum1)
[1] 4 12 42
> sum1=numeric(length(vec))
> for(i in 1:3) {sum1[i]=vec[i]+vec1[i]}
> print(sum1)
[1] 4 7 13
> mat <- matrix(1:9, nrow = 3, byrow = TRUE)
> print(mat)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 2 3
[2,] 4 5 6
[3,] 7 8 9
>
> # 2. Extract the second row
> second_row <- mat[2, ]
> print(second_row)
[1] 4 5 6
>
> # 3. Compute transpose of the matrix
> mat_transpose <- t(mat)
> print(mat_transpose)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 4 7
[2,] 2 5 8
[3,] 3 6 9
>
> # 4. Matrix multiplication (true matrix multiplication)
> mat2 <- matrix(seq(1, 9), nrow = 3, byrow = FALSE)
> mat_mult <- mat %*% mat2
> print(mat_mult)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 14 32 50
[2,] 32 77 122
[3,] 50 122 194
>
> # 5. Sum of all elements
> sum_mat <- sum(mat)
> print(sum_mat)
[1] 45
> mat <- matrix(1:9, ncol = 3, byrow = TRUE)
> print(mat)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 2 3
[2,] 4 5 6
[3,] 7 8 9
> mat <- matrix(1:9, ncol = 3, byrow = FALSE)
> print(mat)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 4 7
[2,] 2 5 8
[3,] 3 6 9
> mat <- matrix(1:9, nrow=2, ncol = 3, byrow = FALSE)
Warning message:
In matrix(1:9, nrow = 2, ncol = 3, byrow = FALSE) :
data length [9] is not a sub-multiple or multiple of the number of rows [2]
> print(mat)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 3 5
[2,] 2 4 6
> mat <- matrix(1:9, nrow=4, ncol = 3, byrow = FALSE)
Warning message:
In matrix(1:9, nrow = 4, ncol = 3, byrow = FALSE) :
data length [9] is not a sub-multiple or multiple of the number of rows [4]
> print(mat)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 5 9
[2,] 2 6 1
[3,] 3 7 2
[4,] 4 8 3
> mat <- matrix(1:12, nrow=4, ncol = 3, byrow = FALSE)
> print(mat)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 5 9
[2,] 2 6 10
[3,] 3 7 11
[4,] 4 8 12
> second_col <- mat[,2]
> print(second_col)
[1] 5 6 7 8
> second_col <- mat[,2:3]
> print(second_col)
[,1] [,2]
[1,] 5 9
[2,] 6 10
[3,] 7 11
[4,] 8 12
> print(mat2)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 1 4 7
[2,] 2 5 8
[3,] 3 6 9
> mat_mult <- mat %*% mat2
> print(mat_mult)
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 38 83 128
[2,] 44 98 152
[3,] 50 113 176
[4,] 56 128 200
> # 1. Create a list containing name, age, and vector of three favorite
numbers
> my_list <- list(name = "John", age = 25, fav_numbers = c(3, 7, 11))
> print(my_list)
$name
[1] "John"
$age
[1] 25
$fav_numbers
[1] 3 7 11
>
> # 2. Access the second element of a list
> second_element <- my_list[[2]]
> print(second_element)
[1] 25
>
> # 3. Modify an element of an existing list (change age to 26)
> my_list$age <- 26
> print(my_list)
$name
[1] "John"
$age
[1] 26
$fav_numbers
[1] 3 7 11
>
> # 4. Add a new element to a list
> my_list$city <- "New York"
> print(my_list)
$name
[1] "John"
$age
[1] 26
$fav_numbers
[1] 3 7 11
$city
[1] "New York"
> my_list[1]
$name
[1] "John"
> my_list[[1]]
[1] "John"
> my_list[[1:3]]
Error in my_list[[1:3]] : recursive indexing failed at level 2
> my_list[1:3]
$name
[1] "John"
$age
[1] 26
$fav_numbers
[1] 3 7 11
> my_list
$name
[1] "John"
$age
[1] 26
$fav_numbers
[1] 3 7 11
$city
[1] "New York"
> # 1. Create data frame with names, ages, salaries
> employees <- data.frame(
+ Name = c("John", "Alice", "Bob", "Diana", "Charlie"),
+ Age = c(28, 32, 25, 29, 35),
+ Salary = c(50000, 60000, 45000, 52000, 70000)
+)
> print(employees)
Name Age Salary
1 John 28 50000
2 Alice 32 60000
3 Bob 25 45000
4 Diana 29 52000
5 Charlie 35 70000
>
> # 2. Extract "Name" column
> names_column <- employees$Name
> print(names_column)
[1] "John" "Alice" "Bob" "Diana" "Charlie"
>
> # 3. Add a new row
> new_row <- data.frame(Name = "Eva", Age = 30, Salary = 65000)
> employees <- rbind(employees, new_row)
> print(employees)
Name Age Salary
1 John 28 50000
2 Alice 32 60000
3 Bob 25 45000
4 Diana 29 52000
5 Charlie 35 70000
6 Eva 30 65000
>
> # 4. Sort based on "Salary"
> employees_sorted <- employees[order(employees$Salary), ]
> print(employees_sorted)
Name Age Salary
3 Bob 25 45000
1 John 28 50000
4 Diana 29 52000
2 Alice 32 60000
6 Eva 30 65000
5 Charlie 35 70000
>
> # 5. Filter salary > 55000
> high_salary <- subset(employees, Salary > 55000)
> print(high_salary)
Name Age Salary
2 Alice 32 60000
5 Charlie 35 70000
6 Eva 30 65000
