Answer Key – Psychology Class XII (Half-Yearly 2025-26) SET A
Section A (1 × 14 = 14 marks)
1. d) Emotional intelligence
2. Observation of own behaviour
3. Carl Rogers
4. Mental Age = (IQ × CA) / 100 = (130 × 12) / 100 = 15.6 ≈ 15 years 7 months
5. c) Low emotional intelligence
6. Statement 2 is NOT true (Genital stage is from puberty onwards, not 7 years)
7. A. 1-(iii), 2-(i), 3-(ii), 4-(iv)
8. c) It is caused by low activity of serotonin
9. A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
10. a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
11. D. A is false, R is true
12. c. A is true but R is false
13. Conversion Disorder
14. a. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the reason for (A)
Section B (2 × 5 = 10 marks)
15. High on creative intelligence / problem-solving skills. They find solutions quickly by
using past experiences creatively.
16. Oedipus Complex – boy’s unconscious desire for mother, rivalry with father.
Electra Complex – girl’s unconscious attraction to father, rivalry with mother.
17. Because rationality, reason, and scientific thinking were emphasized over blind faith,
leading to the Enlightenment era.
18. Burnout – state of physical & emotional exhaustion due to prolonged stress. Cause:
workload, role conflict, lack of control.
19. Creativity – ability to produce novel, original ideas.
Intelligence – ability to acquire knowledge, think, and adapt. Creativity goes beyond
intelligence.
Section C (3 × 4 = 12 marks)
20. Culture shapes intelligence e.g., in collectivistic cultures, social intelligence is valued; in
individualistic cultures, analytical/problem-solving is emphasized.
21. Individualistic self – emphasizes personal goals, uniqueness, independence.
Collectivistic self – emphasizes group goals, relationships, interdependence.
22. Obsession – intrusive, unwanted thoughts (e.g., fear of contamination).
Compulsion – repetitive acts to reduce anxiety (e.g., hand washing).
23. GAS Model (Selye): Alarm → Resistance → Exhaustion. Example: exam stress → initial
panic → coping → breakdown if prolonged.
Section D (4 × 4 = 16 marks)
24. Ill-effects: Inaccurate results, cultural bias, labeling students, lowering self-esteem,
fostering discrimination, misguiding educational/career choices.
25. Evaluative apprehension – anxiety of being judged. Leads to poor performance.
Control: positive feedback, reducing comparison, relaxation, supportive environment.
OR
Stress impairs immune system: increases cortisol, weakens immunity, increases
vulnerability to illness.
26. (a) Disorder: Anorexia Nervosa.
(b) Cultural role: Media ideals, societal pressure for thinness, beauty standards promote
unhealthy body image.
27. Horney – depression due to basic anxiety, lack of warmth, interpersonal issues.
Adler – depression due to feelings of inferiority and failure to compensate.
Section E (6 × 2 = 12 marks)
28. Nature: genetic influence on intelligence (twin/adoption studies).
Nurture: environment, schooling, culture.
Both interact (interactionist approach).
OR
Gardner’s Theory: Multiple intelligences (linguistic, logical, musical, etc.).
Traditional view: single unitary IQ.
Raghav → high logical-mathematical, low linguistic/artistic.
29. Example of Psychotic Disorder: Schizophrenia (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized
speech, withdrawal).
OR
Approaches: Biological (neurotransmitters), Psychological (psychoanalysis, cognitive-
behavioural), Socio-cultural (poverty, family). Example: Schizophrenia explained differently
in each approach.
Section F (Case Studies)
Q30–31 (Sundar case):
- Disorder: Schizophrenia (Paranoid type)
- Other symptoms: Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, withdrawal,
inappropriate affect.
- Delusion: False fixed belief (e.g., being followed by soldiers).
- Inappropriate affect: Emotional responses mismatched to situation (e.g., laughing
abruptly).
Q32–33 (Defence Mechanisms case):
- Rita: Repression (denial of attraction)
- Structure of Mind (Freud):
- Id – primitive, pleasure principle.
- Ego – reality principle, mediator.
- Superego – morality, conscience.
