Day:

#2
CHA PTERAND EQUILBRIM:
VECTORS Quantities
Phsical
Vectos
lo specif ectcc
Scalars
maqoihude Aizection (bctb) ons
only
vecor- (magnihdditecht
requite
divection
not time
length vectors
mass ett
distance scalaxs
with
aling
simple )nlcalicel
we an use
ica yules
mathemat multiplydiude
add sub
REPRESENTATION ad
arOw hea vepesent
GRA PHICAL
dqnide
magoit
vet
length epresent
uecto
maqpitlde

SyMBOLICA LY
above
lbeloo cd face ete
aIouw head
A A A

VECTOR ALGEPRA RULES;

(ý Vectoy + vector=vec tor don ko add
Matb
) vectoy Scalar = Vectoy tscalar nhi tr c
úi)(Vechs )(Vector) = scalay or vector

(0(Salar ecbr
= vector

ehampar
Salar nh-llh2xVecto \ector
(V) lecto - Not possible
Vecto
Doc Talks
 Date:.

(OORDINATE
IGN SysTEM

Ovelap at ingle point

be yCcuced
Cen [Link] 20)
gmakn

Gtelh
Vector
echon o
SOME IMPORT ANT \ECTORS
(2 PaRALEl UECTORS

Jh_parallel vectoxs we dont check magnihide

and staYtinq positin we loak fo Same

directon whether maqnihde is ame
Sa

)ANTIPARALE)_ VECTORSE

Not check
mag ad sttinq postion ched
Ony diecbion

EQUAL ECTORS
Same maanihde
tcame
drection direha
+A=B Same iignsme
[Link]
qualihye)
 huo
Day:
also
defined pnale
rDaqnideubelhe
vectos
ae Sae SOme
fqual having is
vectos
skn bingposiian
VEC TORS= +posite divectioo

()NEGATVE
Same
nihude

be - Ve Alxection (an b
never take
Can it coe
magnihide abitrax East(-) west
is
wdsechion GY 1eueyc
be-ve)
wect -Luill

VECTOR
(v)
hh
NULL/ZERO
has
arbitraYq
eo hoohphce
diiecbion:

Syjob0llicelly
(cdot)-
ADhiclyi Ate
\ Soue

: FE-03ero) ahch is t0q+y

intrecdued null vector

gehide
-f
aYe
The
yeCtors

But:

-2R
huo
sIDo

(ector

hegahie vectox
°:
of tuo ueCtoYs Lllajch
of eachother

3eyo

Sun
unich
s
which

magnihde is dluatpn
and caar
aYe neaohie

4 eoch other:

N+1E -su Togn(hde dt ect

8 whch aie
 Date:.
IAIOm
Bl=20m

10mEatt Cm uue
= Om
RB = East
\omEast
+ro -Eas)
\Om East
-West =
- Eat
-o Moth=South
-South =Noth

i NVEC TOR:
vec
which
tox has
specific nagnihdet
ditecian.
bo unìt

SbollillAd,e Nectox
unit wectoY = Vectoy
(divection)
maqnibude
vec
to magnihude
vec tor:

d= omEast
O East

A =1 East

A= Axt
A= Axi 4 Auj +Ak

lla ncanitide fi Square

Yoot Sulhn

R-A-Ay+A+h2 - Su7 Compnent

vectdr
 Day:
will be
vectar
2-1.1
uector
Lnit th

oifk

ke
o
uecto be paxallel
What
en Jector>
uptt echo
ts
vectoX
parallel
be parallel to iík
Wbat uill

(oNCLUSLG
A= A

vi) Pos|\ON VECTOR

whichlocate point sith spect

ginl
Alwdaulp
Oxdindte

TN 3D
 Date:.

NOSquitos
aYe
)m fra
in a
Yaom
thes pasitian -Seme
vector wbese
o (anex (GOrdina

mseuitoe Go
willbe
6laf
1cne these

bul opt
opt 1
4unit meteris
232)m nt preren
Lwi be

be
What will
stane
his cainer rncsa
Findmaqnihtde 40) 1(3)2

NSPLACEMENT VECTOR FREE VECTOR:

Locatte point uth recpect to some
Glnexpoint which s
is nct origin
Not stast
fram oigio

Pl)

Ptt

To
tnd A --Ale
DuY Y,
ma
lene )l4(y brglx-i-l.
teAnlx).(y2y hisal
To fihd dictne
haepcits.
(p nd p)
 Day:-

CYe
MCQ3 and A
Aying
Teuo aeroplanes
A

f both aexoplanes ae shere

Laarciates tben how CYe2;3]Lin

and (34s)km
francach2kB
otber2
&kn.
o6km:
-22Km
t)212
SJ2

OF VECTOR BY SCALAR
MULITPLCATION
It can change
Giy Both
uMaqnitde
) Diyechion

da-uneet (honige oniy magnihude

Except t1 (Neihe
charge diechttn
e d= Sm East
2d -(5m East)

):m East

ve scalar number
Except -1 (te chane onl diteCHion)
-Ve scalay Ya.

)mognihde change (in

Direcdicn
-2d =-(Sm EasE)
2d =-OmEast
East)
-)-om West
 Date:.

GENERAL DSCUSON:
Vector make
Two tuwo
angles with
eachother
fnneranqle
(small angle)
(outer anqle)
\aagek dnqle

loner anqleis effective

ngle s anae
ineffectiie
angle

Max ange between two vectors is

ax120 (inner
baat
aun oeh Li
khtm hajai hai
Ioner Smaller
o<0<180

A AL rangeangleisbn

ADDITLON
0<080°
OF VECTORS
moe
(
-peO inney

Nectors
tuo
hsc
t
mai 0

are
ectexs.
tuwo
1RC.
aun 180
ve tors
ni

added
hot

sinqle ector .haingeftecr eae

all vectoS eftect
METHCDS &

metood
Head to tail ruleGuaphical
Analuica
4fectanlat campanents nethsc methoc

HEAD TO TAIL

Less aclirate
Moe inf matie
ece becaAe Le qraphta)
ackuYate
ar ayega
error
pxece ntation tou 2axLLY
leat
equa
eror isS equal
po<sibe Use hata
deuice yuler
Count
 Day:
Nale bwtu vectors Pini
meCN S

AFferenre
the diecon
vectorc
t i

fodiectim mea dene Tnai h

Sum
to feence ha
(vecto FOR
tant e
-ectertscU ctoy
-1 to resl -

Is ammutattve
vectys
Adihon
A+B = B+A f ector
Case no

pcshn dhange
Bydhaning vectors
in xesulant R:
maooithude theerem:
hauepythaqYous 2ABOs
ue
IRIA +82
S ?
t

MP PoINT
SoME
R= AHB- Rmax (Maximum possibe sum
0°.
-possilale
Statemenr
lhen
he sum
(Parallel)

Begnihide
1esultamtaoo
t Netor
verhl
vechoy
ieauao maqnihde
them is
hen angle behueen eYo
RRmox
R=
nen =90
R=A4 B 2AB
R= A282.

Statemet
The
Yoot
naghihude af
of Yesultant is othe
Jcot sum f squae "cctocs hen
whc
abgle îs 10
 R-B-A Date:.

iole su m
S(Minimum RRmn. =\a0
(Anhparallal ho vecta)

o'404I80
RmioK<R
RALLEANGE
Rnip R Rm0.

oD:
whatic
he Posbe Suro Lo vedchorc

O3 onit
e2 unit
3ni botb
o60unit
x add
Sb
Eirs

Glbtrack beth Io-4

then
SUm hnax aub min
tudaonian hces
possitle

Nhat is the passible Sum oE tuo oCes

not pardllel0ox
and ISN IF they
2oN

antipalal2 O3sN oSN o38Nx

ahdmax
D 20tiSN = 3S
so 3s [s nst ans
n (ase f parallel
cubtact 20-(S-rN
lwe
Da antiparalel 35.
Not
not antipsxallel-E>

angle slw Tandó

the possible
what is
O All pocsible
S° 30 tell aneinfhe
dces nat
Vector (3 angle
is possible
aboul
angles
Soany
MP POINT tell
ws ab aut angles

sum
agnihude
 Date: Da
Day: No info a ut aungle
(yectn sun) qive info about
. 12ABcas
Cmagnihude)
REJAB AB
MCQ R=AtB2+
Aahd S
then
= 3o"
2ABcasAe
2cas -1
cos:1/2
PQ
and RP +Q2t\2
2 Po(os O Leg
5Pa
2 O 60

SoME (MP POINJS :

ilet FiE-FNe simple add magnthude
9O
ben

R= 2F Nectoxs ae parallel
=0

i) R:F -F 7F1F -F
940°

G=120

and C=A48

A f0 and B+0
d diret
(Change
(never) vectos
 Day:
Date:.
-
eilther B=o
when
Ahen tneir aungle

equal ay

R1R- studied in Hhere

nmanic ereth
1huc sdea
ethcd: baae

-RE
anothey
and Q-B

060
- S°
90
wPand

w Pand
A
CLnd A

R-
magnihdk
imes
0aale G0neinceases
incveases n- Yeultant
vector
parallel also D- times
120 A and B

L to SmalleY Vector

2OuA andE

RESOLUTION OF VECTORS 3
f Nectors
Qpposite toattion
VectoY intO han tus
|pitain
(ompanents Oncn
of vector
CNENTs t Pioieckian
axis
uecta cn
x-axis
Lompnent
etelsme y)
pIechm
for
 Date:.
Das
Day:

effective
PURPOSE :_Jo know P
componertef

e dn €y CiS)
Ac

ale

fze (Euiproehtn ater

foe on karis)

(ose
Fx = FcosO
fy = Fsin 9
VECTORS IN CoMPONENTS FORM:
-FrtEy
F -F4 /ha
Vnit
hu n
vecor
FpeY dYOl
(i2) hal cuu hr
lag4 Ea
f mag

Fcct +fsinéi.

UNIT VECTCR. IN COMPONENTS FORM E

(os tsin9-1 M
FoR HhGL ALONG VERIICAL AXISG

Yha Fx [Link] C
ase
Cul pey Fx
y J a eaoe

>Angle with Y-oxis

S
Ex = Fsíng
Fy = Fcosx.
- FRt +Fy
10r
VECIOR IN C CM PoNENS
FORM3
UNIT VECIOR
-Fsin tCcosoaj
Sin &

hay n6
 Date:.
and B=3
A=IOunits tnen
Peca in campotenls A -hyand Ays
nq Ka is h Asinit Acos ©

e
le
Aqy
balae
along it
for
culeAxAsing =(Ounit x Sin 30
Ay = Acos
Ths unit vectoY:

tcose

AF20N and 6o tben:

Fy= Fcos Fy - Fsin

Foce in campanent's fonsi Fcossî 4Esinei

Unit vectort F-
osbó?+ Sin 6o
boUnit vecn Yaa

MAGNI TUDE OF_ VECTOR

(2D)
F-Fx4 2+ Fs 3D)

foRIRE(TIN OF FORCE (F):

tan = F

auis)
baxizant-
(Along

nhi ha
(CUsemaî

(2-qo
OON OSN
.
_oke cA?
1Oot m b
OF-Ex21fy2+Eg
1F,2 -S
Fre
4
(34NE 2 +Fy2 +2 09N
 Date.

Day:
if A-\O unit
Ax- 6onit
Ay Bun?t
dnit le onit
unit
03unit
AAAy+ A 1A)
A- Ax tAy +A3
+A
10 (6)'+ (8)2

J= 36 +64+Az

FoR DIRECTION3

tanY-conpon ent
X-compnent
calal toY vesult

(hespective af sighn)

Caculal 1eslt never Tals aoat actual die chior

clockwse negve bdaue a

fxample
360
anblockUI SeCe-tve)
becae
(onvenhomally tken posibive

chgle inCheaneo

,Pr-óaK-comp =-Ve
9)-1804s
=135°

4Calalctor
LCl Cimp=tve
sihtVe
eh
40°
270

4st QuadYant
Y-conp
tve

anale
per hAngra
dl -4 and 90°

eaxis
ue
here
cbunt from
otetlato rels.
achuat age
a5 acrtB0 -Or
Find ny k,
360°
O3=18044

34
4x-com panent-ve
-conp-Ve 270

3 onlyan=ve
Fxample
gy-comp-Ve-

€y- 36 - G4
 Day:.

-AI3t
= - Date:.

4han
(direciom of
030 025° vectoY
O 330
360
Shows
Methad
ta/le = 30
- 36- 30
-330

A2ON- 203N
0220
-tam 23 -3- Go

1804 60 -20

Aui

180+ tan (hAx)

LeT83- tan (BAx)

AbDTLON

METHOD

esc
'0F
OF

More
VECTORS
VECTORS BY RECTANGULAR

accurale
infmaive.
COMPONENTS

4 A,

Rz
Rx
 Day:

MQ:
() A': 2i t3k

-6-3+
Rx -6 R -3 Rz
Ay +Ay2 f Az

R6? +32)+(4)

Sam f Hand is 2(-4tk and their diteo

-2 +6k
334B--kA
Ayz 3
Ax = 3

Byzl
3 h R-3f
B=
31 A-3fA-
ByB2--k

Re--2t6k
3-31-4
Foy
Bsuotractin q

(m) tunits
3

Ry -Um
Day:
Date:.
A -B-2o unit
eA-0 CB-{L
tor 120 R-20 Unit
AB au Lu

sCALAR DoT PRODUTT:

Vector vectoY = scalar
AB=sCala
AB=Aecos |AxB=ve ct
haaple INFSEScOsO

ABA (euf)B =A (Bose)

A B A, B= AB
_At Projection o F cnE ar
-Lamponent Rlongt
6^PYaechian BaA
Campanent sf aalonq
Ax

AandB
dot product

AxACOsG -A-B 1he

to
1cto

magBcOmponeutt
A

B lng
KB =ABx

By - B Cos Åe
 Date:.

DSCUSSION ON BAS)S OF ANGLE

-B =ABcos

parald)

0 <6<180 RB-ve
A B =- AB (rmin)
(Antápevale)
Additien vecta and tS zive
Aniparallel)
mar Yesut to
Parallel and min sealt for autiparalal

MQ: O A=2
AB OABcosO

(ii) A- 6unit B- Unit- IRI=A+E-Ounit

o6 o 2

{O
onlypaslble cahen paralle
AeABcoso
AB
Ae bx -2
 DoT
ROPER PRODUCT \satisfy
is
Dot prOduct cammutative aMocahe,
RE-e. distioutáve y adlta
al prperhes

D1ocdut t Necm
Dot with itself
Jec Saucve
-auate
fvect
4 menihude_
or ee-
KE= ymu
DoT PRODUCT FOR UNJ VECTOR:
Pyoduct
Dot unih uecta 0tlh tef
aluay 1

ot paadct nit <ector with a negahve

aluuat e -1

a
Unit vector

Dot
product
aOnt ecte ufHn ns Unitv;

perpendicolar to it always qives3ere

IN COMPo NENJ FCM:

PRODU(T OF VETORS
Just like dddhion

e-AxB+
BBH AftAal-
ABy
Buf 1Bzk

1A)b2
vectrs we Csn
Same vecter
multip

Sn.
lmt-3nn - J+IS-2
Is
/2]
1x-2x3
+3y -|-6+
Sy Fe S
 Day:

Bu
ANGaLE BN

Cos
and
AB -ABcos
= AB
AB
. AB
The rahio
Date:.

prceuct
vector
CA
qd
To
measure c Bho magnhde produt
tuo and B s eual to cos

uo vectors
MCQ3
(i) A-i
A=ia and B--k qBoth ale same
w Achd Sttementr
A-B- Cnd RE-1
AB - 1

eblw them
030 4S°
Aiceso 14iico
+ 2 (sme ter }

Bth bave so (1)

-osAB= cos
AB M

to i-s2
4y - -1c} +Sx-5 --25 -16-25
20+20 0

VECTOR /CROSS PRODUCT

Nector y vetor = vetOS

sWe
in d
do no
product
put
-
n

podut
givex scalar
1cn-diredha land Sealk has
avecton
Day:
Date:.
IAB) ABsin

AMPLES AxB ABsin

7xYFsnen Juit
horgont
axis
pr verti

b diedin
to Yle
ectn
Accorinq
itlpan faesechicn f vechor
and cur ingers
finqex n diechien

ur in editechim

AxB-Calw L ahd
to plane
A
-OuA
ll
alnd
hn
5A

FoY AxB-CL to plane

.-
AC- AC cagAo AC
B(=Bc cos 0
YF sinE
on1
(Yx) 1[Sin O :h=
F sühChxhEd
SGme direcon

dyecta
show 07Lehis|
 Day: Date:.

will

Conmon dno 3ero

PROPERTIES OE
OF CROSS PRODUCTG
aoti c ommutative
Axe --(BxA)
inp (Ax B) = (Bx) =o
AxB) (BxF)

OY 9=10

oY both A and B=o

inCrosc product f vech

AxA -BxB- CxC itel aluaa Luith

-l1Lross poduct f untt vectaxs -

ahkclek uel
clockwše
>ttx
kiz

((u)(Koss
product in
ccnapnents fa
 Date:.

hick fcr
fer
Simple
Xy2 Iearning
Ne z and
wne
hcn in sec md (after vemauning in
-ve (cqunee
Yeerse

MCQ:

olbi-3 m
o (Si -2) Nm

and F Ge in K--plsnc (l
Both Y

- eculknt twill be in 3piane.C)

(A By B)
Imppoint
AtE- -4r°

|AxB)
AB
-f |ArB

A'B =(0 O-tan

AxI5 and
9-tanB-60
 A SIGNAFICANCE OF CROS PRODuCT:
PHYSIC

0 AxB -ABsin -Prea pon og1am

A+ dnd B 90

1hG-hea palelogrom
A B and =90
1R|-= Atea 1ecta ygle
A B
=B
and E=90°
1AxBl-Avea ua Ye
enem- Aay plane
area

A- An anhtlrk
curlaNe
wiše
mau

--A
BxA clockuwise