Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut

100 Important Questions

for
“Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering”
(BME-101/201)

AKTU
Q.No. QUESTIONS
PYQ’s
1 Define force. Write any four characteristics of force. 2023-24
2 What do you mean by moment and couple?
3 State parallelogram law of forces.
4 Explain the principle of transmissibility of forces. 2022-23

5 State polygon law of forces.

Define the term free body diagram and state the importance of drawing
6 FBD.

7 Define stress. Also explain normal and shear stress with neat sketches.

8 Define strain and its types.

9 State the Hooke’s law.

10 Define- (i) Poisons Ratio. (ii) factor of safety.
11 Explain force system in details.
12 State and prove Varignon’s theorem.
Proof that E = 2G (1+µ), where E is modulus of elasticity, G is modulus of 2023-24
13 rigidity and µ is Poisson's ratio. 2021-22
Proof that E = 3K (1-2µ), where E is modulus of elasticity, K is bulk
14 modulus and µ is Poisson's ratio.
Draw the stress-strain curve for mild steel and describe its salient points. 2022-23,
15 Also, draw the stress curve for a brittle material. 2020-21
A system of four forces acting on a body is as shown in Fig. Determine the
16 resultant. 2022-23
 Determine the support reaction at end A and D for a given beam as shown in Fig.
200 N

17 80 Nm 2022-23
A D
2m B C
2m 1m

What force and moment is transmitted to the supporting wall at A in the given
cantilever beam as shown in Fig
5 KN/m 15 KN
18
A C D B

1.5 m 0.5 m 0.5 m

10 2
A metallic wire (Y = 20 X 10 N/m and µ = 0.26) of length 3 m and
19 diameter 0.1 cm is stretched by a load of 10 Kg. Calculate the decrease in 2023-24
diameter of the wire.
The following data relate to a bar subjected to a tensile test:
Diameter of the bar = 30 mm
Tensile load = 54 KN
Gauge length = 300 mm
20 2022-23
Extension of the bar = 0.112 mm
Change in diameter = 0.00366 mm
Calculate Poisson’s ratio, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rigidity and
bulk modulus.
Define internal combustion engine. Also Write down its advantages and
21 disadvantages.
22 How internal combustion engines are classified.
23 Draw p-v and T-s diagram for Otto and diesel cycle.
24 What is the scavenging process? 2022-23
25 Write any four advantages of Li-ion Batteries.
26 Define compression ratio.
 Suppose the displacement volume of a v6 engine is 2700m³ while its
27 clearance volume is 300 m³, calculate the compression ratio.
Explain the following component of I.C. engines with sketch:
Cylinder, Cylinder head, Piston & Piston rings, Connecting rod, Crank,
Crankshaft and Flywheel. 2022-23,
28 2021-22
OR
Discuss any four important components of an IC Engine and the major
functions of those components.
Explain the following terms as applied to I.C. engines :
29 Bore, stroke, T.D.C., B.D.C., clearance volume, swept volume, compression 2021-22
ratio.
2023-24
Explain with suitable sketches the working of a four-stroke S.I. (Petrol) 2022-23
30 engine. 2021-22
2020-21
Explain with suitable sketches the working of a four-stroke C.I. (Diesel)
31 2022-23
engine.
Explain with suitable sketches the working of a Two-stroke S.I. (Petrol)
32 2020-21
engine.
Explain with suitable sketches the working of a Two-stroke C.I. (Diesel)
33 engine
Compare the relative advantages and disadvantages of four-stroke and two-
34 2021-22
stroke cycle engines.
35 Compare the relative advantages and disadvantages of S.I. and C.I. engines.
What is electric vehicle? What are the main components of electric vehicle?
OR
36 2022-23
Discuss the working principle of an electric vehicle. What are the major
demerits of these vehicles?
37 Write the advantages and disadvantages of Electric Vehicles. 2023-24
Explain different types of batteries and chargers required for a electric
38 vehicle.
What are hybrid electric vehicles (HEV)? Explain different drive train 2023-24
39 components of HEV. 2022-23
Compare the relative advantages and disadvantages among IC engine,
40 Electric vehicle and Hybrid vehicles.
41 Define refrigeration and it applications in different fields
42 What is refrigerant? Give some examples.
43 Explain the term 1 tonne of refrigeration. 2022-23
 What are the different methods of refrigeration? Explain vapour
compression refrigeration system(VCRS) in details.
44 OR 2021-22
Explain the working of vapour compression refrigeration system by T-S
diagram with related block diagram.
45 What is the difference between a refrigerator and a heat pump?
Define the coefficient of performance of a refrigerator and heat pump in
words. Can it be greater than unity?
OR 2022-23,
46 2020-21
Define coefficient of performance (COP) for a refrigeration system. Why do
we express the performance in terms of COP instead of efficiency? Also,
compare the COPs of a refrigerator and a heat pump.
47 Derive the relation between the COP of refrigerator and heat pump.
Draw the neat diagram of a domestic refrigerator, showing its various parts.
Explain its working also. 2023-24
2022-23,
48 OR
2021-22,
Explain the basic vapor compression cycle and describe the working of a 2020-21
domestic refrigerator
The food compartment of a refrigerator is maintained at 4°C by removing
heat from it at a rate of 360 kJ/min. If the required power input to the
49 refrigerator is 2 kW, determine (a) the COP of the refrigerator and (b) the
rate of heat rejection to the room
A heat pump has a COP of 1.7. Determine the heat transferred to and from
50 this heat pump when 50 kJ of work is supplied.
A domestic food freezer maintains a temperature of – 15oC. The ambient air
temperature is 30oC. If heat leaks into the freezer at the continuous rate of
51 1.75 kJ/s what is the least power necessary to pump this heat out
continuously?
Find the co-efficient of performance and heat transfer rate in the condenser
52 of a refrigerator in kJ/h which has a refrigeration capacity of 12000 kJ/h
when power input is 0.75 kW.
A fish freezing plant requires 40 tons of refrigeration. The freezing
temperature is – 35 °C while the ambient temperature is 30°C. If the
53 performance of the plant is 20 % of the theoretical cycle working within the
same temperature limits, calculate the power required.
Define the term ‘air-conditioning’. What are the different applications of
54 air- conditioning?
55 Define the following- (i) Atmospheric air (ii) Dry Air (iii) Wet air
Define the following
56 (i)Saturated air (ii) specific humidity (iii) relative
humidity
 Define the following
(i) Dry Bulb Temperature
2023-24
57 (ii) Wet Bulb Temperature
2022-23
(iii) Dew point Temperature

With the help of neat sketch describe the working of window type air-
2023-24
conditioner.
58 2021-22,
OR
2020-21
Explain basic components and working of Window Air Conditioner.
59 Explain the factor which affects human comfort.
60 What are human comforts conditioning?
61 Define fluid and what is difference between gas and liquid?
Define the following fluid properties:
Density, weight density, Specific volume and specific gravity of a Fluid,
62 OR
Write any four properties of fluid.
63 Define dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosity. 2022-23
Calculate the density, specific weight and weight of one liter of petrol of
64 specific gravity = 0.7
Calculate the specific weight, density and specific gravity of one liter of a
65 2022-23
liquid which weights 7 Newton.
66 What is the difference between gauge pressure and absolute pressure?
67 Differentiate between Real and Ideal fluids.
68 Differentiate between impulse and reaction turbines. 2022-23
69 Define Pump and their classifications.
State the Newton's law of viscosity. What are Newtonian and non- 2023-24
70 Newtonian fluids? 2020-21
2023-24
Explain Pascal’s law with help of a neat sketch. What are its practical
71 2022-23,
applications?
2021-22
Hydraulic press has a ram of 20 cm diameter and a plunger of 3 cm
72 diameter. It is used for lifting a weight of 30 N. Find the force required at
the plunger.
What is conservation of mass principle? Derive the continuity equation for
73 incompressible and compressible fluids.
30 cm diameter pipe conveying water, branches into two pipe of diameter
20 cm and 15 cm respectively. If the average velocity in the 30 cm diameter
74 pipe is 2.5 m/s, find the discharge in this pipe. Also determine the velocity
in 15 cm pipe if the average velocity in 20 cm diameter pipe is 2 m/s.
What are hydraulic turbines? How are they classified? Write their
75 2020-21
advantages and disadvantages?
 Explain the construction and working of impulse (Pelton) turbine with neat 2023-24
76 sketch. 2021-22
Explain the construction and working of reaction(Francis) turbine with neat
77 2022-23
sketch.
2023-24
78 Explain the construction and working of centrifugal pump with neat sketch.
2021-22
79 Explain the construction and working of reciprocating pump with neat sketch. 2022-23
80 Explain the construction and working of hydraulic Lift with neat sketch.
81 Differentiate between accuracy and precision. 2022-23
2022-23
82 Define Avionics, Autotronics and Bionics.
2020-21
83 Discuss various static and dynamic characteristics of transducers
What are sensors and transducers? Enumerate the various types of sensors
2022-23
and transducers.
84 2021-22
OR
2020-21
Classify transducers by function, performance and on the output basis.
85 Differentiate between internal and external sensors.
86 Differentiate between active and passive transducers.
Write the names of sensors or transducers used to measure force, pressure,
87 temperature and strain.
88 What are proximity sensors? Explain any one.
Describe different types of gears with diagram. Define gear train and gear
89 2022-23
ratio.
Explain the different methods for temperature measurement. Discuss the
construction and working of thermocouple?
2023-24
90 OR
2022-23
Explain the Seebeck effect and the working principle of thermocouples with
help of a neat sketch. Also discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
91 Differentiate between direct and indirect measurement with examples.
92 Explain the term “Error” in measurement. What are different types of error? 2021-22
2023-24
93 Discuss the working of Bourdon Tube Pressure gauge with a neat sketch. 2022-23,
2021-22
Describe a temperature measuring device based on the principle of radiation
with neat sketch. 2023-24
94 OR 2022-23
Explain the construction and working of optical pyrometer with neat sketch.
95 Explain the construction and working of Venturimeter with a neat sketch. 2023-24
 Define Mechatronics. Write the advantages and disadvantages of 2022-23
96 Mechatronics. 2020-21
97 What are the industrial applications of Mechatronics?
98 What are the key elements of a mechatronic system?
99 What are actuators? Discuss their types. 2022-23
Explain different types of “Mechanical Actuation system” based on power
inputs.
100 2021-22
OR
Write any four mechanical actuators.