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Probability Statistics Solution

The document outlines the Pre-Board Examination for the Bachelor in Computer Application program at Tribhuvan University, focusing on Probability and Statistics. It includes various statistical problems and concepts such as defining statistics, calculating averages, variance, correlation coefficients, and the application of binomial distribution. Additionally, it covers topics like brand comparison, normal distribution probabilities, and the definition and process of ANOVA.

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45 views3 pages

Probability Statistics Solution

The document outlines the Pre-Board Examination for the Bachelor in Computer Application program at Tribhuvan University, focusing on Probability and Statistics. It includes various statistical problems and concepts such as defining statistics, calculating averages, variance, correlation coefficients, and the application of binomial distribution. Additionally, it covers topics like brand comparison, normal distribution probabilities, and the definition and process of ANOVA.

Uploaded by

paulpuno333
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences


Ratna Rajyalaxmi Campus
Pre-Board Examination 2024

Bachelor in Computer Application


Course Title: Probability and Statistics
Code No: CAST202
Semester: III

Full Marks: 60+40 Pass Marks: 24+16 Time: 3 hrs

Candidates are required to answer the questions in their own words as far as possible.

Group B (4×5 = 20)


1. 1. Define statistics. What are the scopes and applications of statistics in computer
applications?

Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, presenting, and organizing


data.

Scopes and Applications in Computer Applications:


- Data analysis for decision-making
- Algorithm design using statistical models
- Machine learning and AI
- Database optimization
- Computer simulations
- Network traffic analysis

2. 2. Calculate the suitable average of the following data:

Items: Below 20=10, 20–30=25, 30–40=35, 40–50=45, Above 50=55


Frequencies: 10, 15, 20, 12, 8
fx = 100 + 375 + 700 + 540 + 440 = 2155, N = 65
Mean = Σfx / Σf = 2155 / 65 = 33.15

3. 3. Calculate the variance and coefficient of variation:

Midpoints: 9.5, 19.5, 39.5, 49.5, 59.5


f = 3, 8, 11, 6, 2
Σf = 30, Σfx = 1035.5, Σfx² = 42257.5
Mean = 1035.5 / 30 = 34.52
Variance = 1408.58 – 1191.18 = 217.4
Std Dev = √217.4 ≈ 14.74
CV = (14.74 / 34.52) × 100 ≈ 42.7%

4. 4. Calculate the correlation coefficient:

X: 20, 30, 40, 10, 50 | Y: 15, 12, 18, 13, 13


r = –100 / √470000 ≈ –0.146
Interpretation: Weak negative correlation

5. 5. Estimate the baby’s weight at 4 months:

Using interpolation between (3, 2.5) and (5, 5.5)


Weight = 2.5 + [(4–3)/(5–3)] × (5.5–2.5) = 4 kg

6. 6. Define binomial distribution and find P(x=4):

Mean = np = 8, Variance = npq = 4 → p = 0.5, n = 16


P(x=4) = C(16,4) × (0.5)^16 = 1820 × (0.5)^16 ≈ 0.0277

7. 7. Define probability and non-probability sampling:

Probability Sampling: Equal chance. Example: Simple Random


Non-probability Sampling: Based on convenience. Example: Convenience sampling

Group C (2×10 = 20)


8. 9. Brand comparison based on life:

Brand A has more machines in higher intervals (≥ 8 years).


It shows better consistency and longer lifespan.
Answer: Prefer Brand A for its reliability.

9. 10. Normal Distribution (μ=110, σ=12):

(i) P(X>80) = 0.9938


(ii) P(X<100) = 0.2023
(iii) P(X>120) = 0.2023
(iv) P(75<X<105) ≈ 0.337
(v) P(X<125 or X>95) ≈ 0.7888
(vi) 10% values < X: X = 110 – 1.28×12 = 94.64

10. 11. Define ANOVA:


Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests whether means of multiple samples differ.
Steps:
- Calculate group means, grand mean
- Find SST, SSB, SSE
- Compute F = MSB / MSE

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