MIKA/CHUYEN 1/ PRACTICE TEST

Full name: _____________

Hải
EXIT SLIP 6
PHONETICS (0.5 pts)
Part 1. Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently
from that of the rest in each of the following questions.
1. A. alleged B. affluent C. amateur D. amalgam
2. A. choreograph B. Christianity C. archaic D. chivalry
3. A. surgical B. surround C. surrender D. survival
4. A. apartheid B. thorough C. cathedral D. ethnic
5. A. schema B. scholastic C. schwa D. chronic
6. A. close B. basic C. cause D. nosy
7. A. conscience B. precious C. appreciable D. censor
8. A. wreath B. without C. month D. path

Part 2. Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
the primary stress in each of the following questions.
9. A. argumentative B. psychological C. hypersensitive D. contributory
10. A. dynamic B. reimburse C. authority D. pedestrian
11. A. clairvoyant B. defiant C. adamant D. informant
12. A. innovative B. commentary C. alternative D. bodybuilder
13. A. internal B. interpret C. interstice D. interleave
14. A. heuristics B. negligence C. navigate D. privatize
15. A. profile B. insight C. morale D. blindfold
16. A. appreciative B. cosmopolitan C. archeologist D. architectural
17. A. scandalous B. vigorous C. victorious D. dangerous
18. A. emphatic B. dynamic C. delicious D. confiscate

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR (2.5 pts)

Part 1. Circle the best option A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences.
19. By 1820, there were over sixty steamboats, ________________ are on the Mississippi.
A. many of them B. with many C. many of which D. many that
20. No matter how I explain it, he doesn’t seem to ________.
A. put it through B. take it in C. take it on D. put it in
21. Tom won’t buy that old car because it has too much _______________on it.
A. ups and downs B. odds and ends C. wear and tear D. white lie
22. ____________ as taste is really a composite sense made up of both taste and smell.
A. What we refer to B. What do we refer to
C. That we refer to it D. To which we refer
23. He is going to have to ____________ if he wants to stay in the team.
A. pull his sleeves up B. pull his socks up
C. wear his trousers D. knock his socks off
24. If the goods we have sent are not to your ________, please feel free to return them.
A. agreement B. acquisition C. acceptance D. satisfaction
25. If two of the firm’s employees hadn’t __________, the scandal would never have become known.
A. had a few hiccups B. been below the belt
C. blown the whistle D. kept the lid on
26. I’ll let you stay in my house ________ you don’t make a mess of it.
A. but for B. whether C. provided D. otherwise
27. Their eventual choice of house was ___________by the time Peter would take to get to the office.
A. related B. consequent C. determined D. dependent
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28. He was a generous friend but as a businessman he drove a hard ________.
A. bargain B. affair C. contract D. deal
29. Instant Power is ready to take over when the rechargeable battery goes _________ at an inconvenient time.
A. dry B. flat C. dull D. blank
30. Among scientists and non-scientists ___________, many now say that it’s a given that human-induced
warming threatens to disrupt life on Earth.
A. respectively B. alike C. both D. likewise
31. As the teacher was again droning on about that historical event, Nancy couldn’t help feeling bored, and
she covered her mouth to __________ a yawn.
A. prevent B. hamper C. stifle D. hold
32. My uncle pulled a few __________ and got me a job in the company where he works.
A. ropes B. chords C. threads D. strings
33. People living abroad are not __________ to enter for this competition.
A. capable B. enable C. eligible D. permissible
34. David is the captain of the school baseball team, __________ his father before him.
A. as well as B. similar to C. just like D. such as
35. They are happily married although, of course, they argue __________.
A. on the occasion B. from day to day C. most times D. every now and then
36. I was proud to be __________ out for special praise for my performance.
A. separated B. selected C. singled D. distinguished
37. His English was roughly __________ with my Greek, so communication was rather difficult.
A. in tune B. equal C. level D. on a par
38. He was so __________ in answer to my questions that I knew he had something to hide.
A. effusive B. allusive C. evasive D. elusive
39. With _________, it’s easy to see that a mistake has been made.
A. rear view B. overlook C. retrospect D. hindsight
40. In August we always go to this wonderful little Greek village, miles from anywhere and really off the
beaten _________.
A. road B. track C. path D. lane
41. Superconductivity will revolutionize the way that energy is used for the next millennium, and _______
the first truly superconductive substance will be remembered as a technological hero.
A. what the discovery of B. the discovery of
C. whoever discovers D. whose discovery
42. I am aware of the honour bestowed _______ me.
A. of B. to C. on D. for
43. Before they go to the university, most senior high school graduates have _______ idea of what college life
is like.
A. no less B. no least C. not less D. not the least
44. The new chief executive moves that a daring innovation ____.
A. be considered B. is considered C. will be considered D. was considered
45. The handwriting is completely_________. This note must have been written a long time ago.
A. inedible B. indelible C. illegible D. unfeasible
46. I know you have a good voice and have ambitions to be an opera singer but don't give up your day
________ yet!
A. situation B. work C. job D. place
47. Although she was able to walk with the aid of crutches, having a broken ankle ________ her movements
considerably.
A. barred B. hindered C. intervened D. blocked
48. His English teacher recommends that he _______ a regular degree program.
A. begin B. begins C. will begin D. is beginning
49. I know it works in theory, but try putting it into__________ and you'll find out it's a failure.
A. operation B. exercise C. performance D. procedure

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50. He paused, afraid lest he _______ too much.
A. didn’t say B. said
C. hadn’t been saying D. has said
51. They continued fighting despite all the _______ they met with.
A. amenities B. properties C. liabilities D. adversities
52. His new yacht is certainly an _______ display of his wealth.
A. ostentatious B. ossified C. intuitive D. elusive
53. Could I pick your _______ on the subject before the meeting?
A. mind B. head C. brains D. intellect
54. The news of his death was like a bolt _______.
A. from the red B. from the blue C. from the black D. from the white

Part 2. Think of ONE word which can be used appropriately in all THREE sentences.
55. ________
 Children who are ________ to their own devices get up to all sorts of mischief.
 Charles felt ________ out when the other children started playing a board game without him.
 After the party, Karen’s mum was ________ with all the tidying up.
56. ________
 The police ________the man with attempted burglary.
 The taxi driver ________ me ten euros for taking me to the station.
 Breaking the door down, the soldiers ________ into the building.
57. ________
 I’m not quite sure how to fill in this form – do you think you could lend me a ________?
 I think we have to act now, before the situation gets completely out of ________
 Keep the map to ________ in case we need to consult it during the journey.
58. ________
 Mark still looks handsome at 57, although his hair has gone a bit ________.
 He returned home from the hospital looking painfully ________.
 He sat down to his meagre dinner, a ________ soup made from two tomatoes and an onion.
59. ________
 With only minutes to go the Brazilian Formula One driver is in the ________.
 Do you know who is playing the ________ in that new Broadway musical about ghosts?
 We always wait for the conductor of the orchestra to give us the________.
60. ________
 As a bank employee, Grace is used to _____ large amounts of cash on a daily basis.
 The staff at the car-hire desk only seemed capable of _____ one client at a time, so a long queue had
formed.
 You have to be very careful when_____ certain chemicals, as they can cause skin irritations and other
health problems.
61. ________
 James needs to _____ his mind to the task in hand.
 The information didn’t _____to them, so they were told to ignore it.
 When the dog darted in front of the car, I had to _____ the brakes rather abruptly.
62. ________
 Do you have any _____ change for the ticket machine?
 _____ clothes are more comfortable for travelling.
 A _____ connection in a plug caused all the lights in the flat to fuse.
63. ________
 It’s nice to see Mark in such_____ spirits today for a change.
 She sang in a _____ and slightly wavering voice.
 I have_____ hopes of Gary passing the exam with an A.
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Part 3. Give the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the passage.
PASSAGE 1
A live broadcast of any public event, such as a space flight or sporting occasion, is almost (64. VARIABLE)
_______________ accompanied by the thoughts of a commentator. This may be on television, along with the
relevant pictures, or (65. ALTERNATE) _______________ on radio. The technique involved differs between
the two media, with radio broadcasters needing to be more explicit and (66. DESCRIBE) _______________
because of the absence of visual information. TV commentators do not need to paint a picture for their
audience; instead their various (67. OBSERVE) _______________ should add to the images that are already
there. There will sometimes be silences and pauses in a TV commentary, although these are becoming
increasingly rare. Both types of commentators should try to be informative, but should avoid sounding (68.
OPINION) _______________ . In sports commentaries, (69. FAIR) _______________ and impartiality to
both sides are vital, but spontaneity and enthusiasm are valued by those watching or listening. Sports
commentators usually broadcast live in an essentially unscripted way, although they may refer to previously
prepared materials such as sports statistics. Because of the (70. PREDICT) _______________ nature of live
events, thorough preparation in advance is vital. The Internet has helped enormously with this aspect of the
job. Anyone interested in becoming a commentator should have excellent organisational skills, the willingness
to work (71. REGULAR) _______________ hours and a strong voice.

PASSAGE 2
SIR WALTER SCOTT
Sir Walter Scott was the key figure in creating a colorful image of Scotland’s past, initially with his bestselling
narrative poems, with his even more celebrated novels, the first of which was Waverley. It was published (72.
ANONYMITY) _______________ in 1814 and, in subsequent years, its (73. SUCCEED) _______________
were described as being ‘by the author of Waverley’, which accounts for the term ‘Waverley novels’.
Although Scott made no public (74. KNOW) _______________ of his (75. AUTHOR) _______________
until 1827, the writer’s identity was an open secret long before then. He wrote (76. ORDINARY)
_______________ quickly, and the first collected (77. EDIT) _______________ of the Waverley novels was
published as early as 1819. A set of illustrations by Alexander Nasmyth was produced for the second collected
edition and these drawings were used on the title pages. Nasmyth has been called the father of landscape
painting and, like Walter Scott, he helped to (78. POPULAR) _______________ his country’s romantic and
(79. PICTURE) _______________ scenery. The drawings were recently presented to the National Library of
Scotland, which now boasts a superb and (80. RIVAL) _______________ collection of manuscripts and
papers relating to Scott and his circle. What is less well known about Sir Walter Scott is that after his (81.
BANKRUPT) _______________ in 1826, his last years were spent in frantic literary activity to pay off all
the creditors to whom he owned money.

Part 4. Circle the best option A, B, C, or D to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
one in the following question.
82. Because of cutbacks in council spending, plans for the new swimming pool had to be shelved.
A. delayed B. canceled C. disapproved D. stopped
83. His new yacht is certainly an ostentatious display of his wealth.
A. showy B. expensive C. large D. ossified
84. This decision paved the way for changes in employment rights for women.
A. paid for B. supported C. accumulated D. resembled
85. Sometimes exam results come out quickly but it could take some time. You’re just going to have to sit
tight.
A. stay submissively B. wait patiently C. remain obedient D. ask for it
86. You know you didn’t study hard, so you’re going to have to face the music and take the class again next
semester if you really want to graduate.
A. accept reality B. get the approval C. receive backing D. call for aid

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87. I’m not sure, but that name rings a bell. Was she the one who went to Milan last year?
A. is hard to recall B. misinterprets C. is unreliable D. sounds familiar

Part 5. Circle the best option A, B, C, or D to indicate the word OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
one in the following question.
88. As a newspaper reporter, she always wanted to get information at first hand.
A. indirectly B. directly C. insufficiently D. slowly
89. How on earth could they do away with a lovely old building like that and put a car park there instead?
A. keep B. eliminate C. decrease D. squander
90. His physical condition was not an impediment to his career as a violinist. He has won a lot of prizes.
A. advantage B. obstacle C. barrier D. disadvantage
91. We received an instantaneous response to our appeal for help from many international relief funds.
A. spontaneous B. laid-back C. in a flash D. quick
92. Behavior of this kind is discreditable to the Crown and should be accounted for as quickly as possible.
A. commendable B. deplorable C. explicable D. discernible
93. Unlike the last time, the manager was very congenial with the worker’s sharing of difficulties in life
during yesterday’s meeting.
A. responsive to B. familiar with C. sympathetic with D. indifferent to

READING (2.0 pts)

Part 1. Read the passage and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
PASSAGE 1
Raising awareness
In cities around the world, a wide range of schemes is being instigated to promote environmental
awareness. ‘It’s just as easy to dispose of litter properly as it is to drop it on the streets,’ says city councilor
Mike Edwards, who has (94) ________ on the government to mount a concerted campaign to deal with the
problem of litter. ‘It’s just a matter of encouraging people to do so as a (95) ________ of course. Once the
habit is ingrained, they won’t even notice they are doing it. After all, think what we have achieved with
recyclable waste in the home. Sorting paper, glass, aluminum and plastic waste and then depositing it in the
appropriate container outside is hardly a great chore anymore. People have become accustomed to doing this,
so it doesn’t occur to them that they are spending any additional time in the process. (96) ________ they have
to carry this waste for some appreciable distance to find a suitable container do they feel they are
inconvenienced.
Most people know they should behave in a responsible way and just need (97) ________ to do so. So
a quirky, (98) ________ gimmick might be enough to change behavior. With this in mind, the city of Berlin
is introducing rubbish bins that say ‘danke’, ‘thank you’, and ‘merci’ – Berlin is a cosmopolitan city – when
someone drops an item of rubbish into them. It might just (99) ________ the trick in this city, too.
94. A. appealed B. called C. approached D. urged
95. A. principle B. system C. matter D. duty
96. A. Only if B. Even if C. Whenever D. If only
97. A. ordering B. prompting C. forcing D. obliging
98. A. light-hearted B. mundane C. subjective D. intense
99. A. serve B. make C. do D. play

PASSAGE 2
Working to (100) _______ through with my university years did, in (101) _______, prepare me for life after
graduation. I’ve never been lazing around and have already crammed as much into each day as I could. I guess
I’ve always been someone who takes things in their stride and snapped up any opportunity that has come my
way. Looking back, I feel a great (102) _______ of self-respect for finishing my studies without (103) _______
with any debts but I’ll admit it wasn’t always plain sailing. Not until I scraped through my first-year exams
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did I realize the significance of time management. I think personality has played a huge role in my success,
(104) _______. I’ve always taken pleasure in whatever I do, whether it’s for work or play. Sometimes people
are surprised at my ability to solve problem (105) _______ and wonder where my energy comes from. I think
it must be (106) _______. My parents’ work ethic and attitude towards life has had a great impact on me and
(107) _______ me down the path I’ve taken.
100. A. get B. pull C. see D. make
101. A. reflection B. reflecting C. retrospect D. hindsight
102. A. state B. reason C. awareness D. sense
103. A. incurring B. meeting C. encountering D. heading
104. A. nonetheless B. nevertheless C. though D. then
105. A. affectionately B. proficiently C. efficaciously D. prominently
106. A. heredity B. inherence C. heritage D. hierarchy
107. A. propelled B. urged C. geared D. diverted

Part 2. Read the passage carefully and then fill ONE suitable word in each gap.
PASSAGE 1
History
Many students often lament the studying of history. Why wonder why they should study something
that, in their (108) _______________ , has nothing to do with their own lives. That point of view, (109)
_______________ , is far from the truth.
History is the culmination of personal stories and events of people just like you. The men and women
who came before you helped shape the country where you live. Their ideas often solved problems and
conflicts. Studying the past helps you to understand what your ancestors’ lives were like and to see how their
experiences have shaped your own life.
Not everything that happened in the past is good. Some of what you study in history helps you understand the
mistakes of the past, (110) _______________ will help people to avoid repeating any injustice that has already
occurred. People therefore learn from the past to have a better future.
(111) _______________ you like the subject of history or not, one must appreciate the importance of
events and people that came before you. The generations (112) _______________ lived before you have
impacted your own life in the decisions they made. The decisions of your own generation will eventually
affect the generations that come (113) _______________ you. In this unique way, the world is truly connected.

PASSAGE 2
There are a myriad of lifestyle issues affecting the youth of today. Such is the pressure heap (114)
_______________ many school-goers to achieve academic excellence by their parents (115)
_______________ these unrealistic expectations are causing children to become hopelessly depressed.
Indeed, some, in their desperation to escape and their sense of guilt at being unable to (116) _______________
the levels of success demanded of them by their pushy parents, (117) _______________ rebel in what is
tantamount to a cry for help, or, worse still, engage in self-harm. It is (118) _______________ coincidence
that suicide rates, especially amongst young males, have been rising steadily for some time now. These are
tough times to be a teen.
Then there are those (119) _______________ get hooked on the internet; the virtual world becomes their
reality. For these teens, their social/friendship circle shrinks dramatically until, at last, their social/friendship
sphere is limited solely (120) _______________ their online buddies. Not alone do they commonly suffer
from sleep deprivation on (121) _______________ of their destructive addiction to game play and netsurfing,
their behaviour may become so erratic and peculiar over time as to be considered antisocial. And while they
sit at their computer screens hidden away in splendid isolation (122) _______________ the real world, such
is the lack of exercise they get that their calorie intake far exceeds what is necessary for them to maintain a
stable weight. In essence, (123) _______________ to their sedentary lifestyle, their weight skyrockets until
such time as they become morbidly obese.

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Part 3. There are 5 mistakes in the following text. Find the mistakes, write and correct them in the
corresponding boxes numbered 124 - 128 on the answer sheet.
Line
1 For more than a century, robberies of every kinds have plagued nations around the world.
2 Bank and house robberies were a common occurrence. As many were caught so those who were
3 not and over the years, many continued to turn to these get rich quick methods.
4 Despite the nature of this ‘occupation’, media reports glorified the ingenious ways
5 the robbers managed to escape with the loot. Then, films, too, were made about famous robberies
6 and criminals were turned for celebrities. More and more people began robbing houses and banks
7 and their techniques became more sophisticating, making it close to impossible for them
8 to get caught. To compound this problem, many robbers returned to their countries
9 where they were no rules of extraditions. As a result, many of them
10 simply returned to their home countries to prevent the foreign.

124. _______________
125. _______________
126. _______________
127. _______________
128. _______________

Part 4. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.
The growth mindset
Over the past century, a powerful idea has taken root in the educational landscape. The concept of intelligence
as something innate has been supplanted by the idea that intelligence is not fixed, and that, with the right
training, we can be the authors of our own cognitive capabilities. Psychologist Alfred Binet, the developer of
the first intelligence tests, was one of many 19th-century scientists who held that earlier view and sought to
quantify cognitive ability. Then, in the early 20th century, progressive thinkers revolted against the notion that
inherent ability is destiny. Instead, educators such as John Dewey argued that every child’s intelligence could
be developed, given the right environment.
‘Growth mindset theory’ is a relatively new – and extremely popular – version of this idea. In many schools
today you will see hallways covered in motivational posters and hear speeches on the mindset of great sporting
heroes who simply believed their way to the top. A major focus of the growth mindset in schools is coaxing
students away from seeing failure as an indication of their ability, and towards seeing it as a chance to improve
that ability. As educationalist Jeff Howard noted several decades ago: ‘Smart is not something that you just
are, smart is something that you can get.’
The idea of the growth mindset is based on the work of psychologist Carol Dweck in California in the 1990s.
In one key experiment, Dweck divided a group of 10- to 12-year-olds into two groups. All were told that they
had achieved a high score on a test but the first group were praised for their intelligence in achieving this,
while the others were praised for their effort. The second group – those who had been instilled with a ‘growth
mindset’ – were subsequently far more likely to put effort into future tasks. Meanwhile, the former took on
only those tasks that would not risk their sense of worth. This group had inferred that success or failure is due
to innate ability, and this ‘fixed mindset’ had led them to fear of failure and lack of effort. Praising ability
actually made the students perform worse, while praising effort emphasised that change was possible.
One of the greatest impediments to successfully implementing a growth mindset, however, is the education
system itself: in many parts of the world, the school climate is obsessed with performance in the form of
constant testing, analysing and ranking of students – a key characteristic of the fixed mindset. Nor is it unusual
for schools to create a certain cognitive dissonance, when they applaud the benefits of a growth mindset but
then hand out fixed target grades in lessons based on performance.
Aside from the implementation problem, the original growth mindset research has also received harsh
criticism. The statistician Andrew Gelman claims that ‘their research designs have enough degrees of freedom
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that they could take their data to support just about any theory at all’. Professor of Psychology Timothy Bates,
who has been trying to replicate Dweck’s work, is finding that the results are repeatedly null. He notes that:
‘People with a growth mindset don’t cope any better with failure … Kids with the growth mindset aren’t
getting better grades, either before or after our intervention study.’
Much of this criticism is not lost on Dweck, and she deserves great credit for responding to it and adapting
her work accordingly. In fact, she argues that her work has been misunderstood and misapplied in a range of
ways. She has also expressed concerns that her theories are being misappropriated in schools by being
conflated with the self-esteem movement: ‘For me the growth mindset is a tool for learning and improvement.
It’s not just a vehicle for making children feel good.’
But there is another factor at work here. The failure to translate the growth mindset into the classroom might
reflect a misunderstanding of the nature of teaching and learning itself. Growth mindset supporters David
Yeager and Gregory Walton claim that interventions should be delivered in a subtle way to maximise their
effectiveness. They say that if adolescents perceive a teacher’s intervention as conveying that they are in need
of help, this could undo its intended effects.
A lot of what drives students is their innate beliefs and how they perceive themselves. There is a strong
correlation between self-perception and achievement, but there is evidence to suggest that the actual effect of
achievement on self-perception is stronger than the other way around. To stand up in a classroom and
successfully deliver a good speech is a genuine achievement, and that is likely to be more powerfully
motivating than vague notions of ‘motivation’ itself.
Recent evidence would suggest that growth mindset interventions are not the elixir of student learning that its
proponents claim it to be. The growth mindset appears to be a viable construct in the lab, which, when
administered in the classroom via targeted interventions, doesn’t seem to work. It is hard to dispute that having
faith in the capacity to change is a good attribute for students. Paradoxically, however, that aspiration is not
well served by direct interventions that try to instil it.
Motivational posters and talks are often a waste of time, and might well give students a deluded notion of
what success actually means. Teaching concrete skills such as how to write an effective introduction to an
essay and then praising students’ effort in getting there is probably a far better way of improving confidence
than telling them how unique they are, or indeed how capable they are of changing their own brains. Perhaps
a growth mindset works best as a philosophy and not an intervention.

Questions 129-131
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
129. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. where the notion of innate intelligence first began
B. when ideas about the nature of intelligence began to shift
C. how scientists have responded to changing views of intelligence
D. why thinkers turned away from the idea of intelligence being fixed
130. The second paragraph describes how schools encourage students to
A. identify their personal ambitions.
B. help each other to realise their goals.
C. have confidence in their potential to succeed.
D. concentrate on where their particular strengths lie.
131. In the third paragraph, the writer suggests that students with a fixed mindset
A. tend to be less competitive.
B. generally have a low sense of self-esteem.
C. will only work hard if they are given constant encouragement.
D. are afraid to push themselves beyond what they see as their limitations.

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Questions 132-136
Look at the following statements and the list of people below.
Match each statement with the correct person or people, A-D.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
132 The methodology behind the growth mindset studies was not strict enough. _______________
133 The idea of the growth mindset has been incorrectly interpreted. _______________
134 Intellectual ability is an unchangeable feature of each individual. _______________
135 The growth mindset is not simply about boosting students’ morale. _______________
136 Research shows that the growth mindset has no effect on academic achievement. _______________

List of People
A Alfred Binet
B Carol Dweck
C Andrew Gelman
D Timothy Bates

Part 5. You are going to read an article about guidebooks to London. For questions 137-146, choose from
the people (A-F). The guidebooks may be chosen more than once.
London Guidebooks
Visitors to London, which has so much to offer, need all the help they can get. Alastair Bickley takes his pick
of the capital's guidebooks.
Guidebook A
Informal and familiar in tone, this valuable book has much to offer. Produced by the same people who put
together London's principal listings magazine, this is right up to date with what's happening in the city - very
much its home ground. It is concise enough to cater for those staying for just a couple of days, yet covers all
areas of interest to visitors in an admirably condensed and approachable way. On balance, this is the single
most handy book to have with you in London.

Guidebook B
This book is beautifully illustrated, with cutaway diagrams of buildings and bird's-eye-view itineraries rather
than plain maps. This is a model of the clear, professional design that is the recognisable trademark of this
series. Its coverage of the main sights is strong, and visually it's a real treat - a delight to own as a practical
guide. It's a bit pricey but well worth a look when you visit the bookshop.

Guidebook C
Probably the best-suited for a longish stay in the city. This guide surpasses its competitors in its sheer depth
of knowledge and in the detail it provides. It's particularly handy for the thorough stroller with plenty of time
on his or her hands, covering virtually every building or monument of any interest - and with well-drawn maps
of each area. Its coverage of all types of restaurants, which encourages you to go out and try them, can also
be appreciated from the comfort of your armchair.

Guidebook D
It is astonishing - and perhaps the greatest tribute one can pay to London as a city - that it's possible to have a
high-quality holiday there and scarcely spend anything on admission charges. In this guide, the obvious
bargains (National Gallery, British Museum, etc.) are almost lost among an impressive range of places which
cost nothing to visit. It should pay more attention to the numerous wonderful churches in the City of London
but otherwise this is a must for the seriously budget-conscious or the Londoner who is looking for something
different (like me). The book itself isn't quite free, but at ?4.95 you have to admit it's not far off it.

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Guidebook E
This is the latest in the longest-standing series of budget guides and, unlike its competitors, it is still definitely
aimed at young backpackers. Its description of the sights is less detailed than most and the accuracy of some
of the information is surprisingly poor for such a regularly updated publication. However, it manages to cram
in everything of significance, and is strongly weighted towards practicalities and entertainment.
Guidebook F
Here is a guide which comes with a distinct personality rather than following the style of the series to which
it belongs. It is chatty, companionable, opinionated, crammed full of history and anecdotes as well as practical
information. I can best describe the experience (for that's what it is) of reading this book as follows: imagine
arriving in town and being taken in hand by a local who is determined to show you the best of everything and
to give you the benefit of their considerable experience of a city for which they obviously hold a passion. It's
a real delight.

Of which guidebook(s) is the following stated?

137. It contains more information than other guides. _______________
138. It is quite expensive. _______________
139. Its appearance is similar to other books by the same publisher. _______________
140. Its information about places to eat is enjoyable to read. _______________
141. It is reasonably priced. _______________
142. It shows great enthusiasm for the city. _______________
143. It has always been produced with a particular market in mind. _______________
144. It is written by people who have all the latest information. _______________
145. It is part of the first series of its kind to be published. _______________
146. It omits some sights which should be included. _______________

Part 6. You are going to read an article about singing in choirs. Six paragraphs have been removed from
the article. Choose from the paragraphs A – G the one which fits each gap (147-152). There is one extra
paragraph which you do not need to use.
Introducing choral music to children is like opening a door to a magical world
Here’s an important question. What’s calming, therapeutic, healthier than drugs, and could well prolong your
life? Answer: singing in a choir.
147. _______________
In fairness, there was a specific angle to this study, which compared the collective experience of choral singing
to that of taking part in team sports. Choirs apparently win hands down, because there is ‘a stronger sense of
being part of a meaningful group’, related to ‘the synchronicity of moving and breathing with other people’.
And as someone who since childhood has used singing as a refuge from the sports field, I take no issue with
that.
148. _______________
I know there are occasional initiatives. From time to time I get invited as a music critic to the launch of some
scheme or other to encourage more collective singing among school-age children. There are smiles and brave
words. Then, six months later, everything goes quiet – until the next launch of the next initiative.
149. _______________
I know a woman who’s been trying hard to organize a performance of Benjamin Britten’s Noye’s Fludde –
perhaps the greatest work ever devised for young children to sing together – as a tribute to the composer’s
centenary this year. But has she found her local schools responsive? Sadly not: it was all too much trouble.
150. _______________
We sang Herbert Howells’s Like as the Hart. And whatever it did or didn’t do for my cardiovascular system,
my emotional health, or any of the other things that turn up in research papers, it was the most significant
experience of my childhood. It opened a world to which 11-year-olds from unfashionable parts of east London
don’t generally get access. It was magical, transcendent. It spoke possibilities.
151. _______________
The other weekend I was in Suffolk, celebrating Britten, where in fact there were a lot of children privileged
enough to be pulled into the centenary events. There was a great Noye’s Fludde in Lowestoft. And on the
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actual birthday countless hordes of infant voices piled into Snape Maltings to sing Britten’s school songs,
Friday Afternoons, part of a project that involved 100,000 others, internationally, doing likewise.
152. _______________
Just think: if we could finally get Britain’s children singing, it would filter upwards. And we wouldn’t need
university researchers. We’d just do it, and be all the better for it.

A It was an extraordinary experience that many of those children will carry with them all their lives, like
my experience all those years ago. There is a plan for it to be repeated every year on Britten’s birthday. But
that will only happen if there are resources and sustained commitment (for a change).
В In fact, I have no argument with any of these piles of research – bring them on, the more the better –
because what they have to say is true. The only thing I find annoying is that such an endlessly repeated truth
results in relatively little action from the kind of people who could put it to good use.
C One of my enduring life regrets is that I never got the chance to take part in such an event as a child. I
guess I went to schools where it was also too much trouble. But I did, just once, aged 11, get the chance to go
with a choir and sing at Chelmsford Cathedral.
D But being there was even better. And as I was sitting near the choir – who were magnificent – I saw
the faces of the boys and thought how fabulously privileged they were to have this opportunity given to them.
E And that, for me, is what a choir can offer. All the physical and mental pluses are a happy bonus. But
the joy and thrill of access to that world of music is what counts.
F It’s not a new discovery: there are endless dissertations on the subject, libraries of research, and
celebrity endorsements. But people have short memories. So every time another academic paper is published,
it gets into the news – which was what happened this week when Oxford Brookes University came up with
the latest ‘singing is good for you’ revelation.
G The hard fact is that most state schools don’t bother much with singing, unless someone in the
hierarchies of government steps in to make it worth their while. They say they don’t have the resources or the
time. And even when a worthwhile singing project drops into their lap, they turn it down.

Part 7: Read the passage and choose the correct answer.

A folk culture is a small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is
homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals. Order
is maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, and interpersonal relationships are strong.
Tradition is paramount, and change comes infrequently and slowly. There is relatively little division of labor
into specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to perform a great variety of tasks, though duties may
differ between the sexes. Most goods are handmade, and a subsistence economy prevails. Individualism is
weakly developed in folk cultures, as are social classes. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in
industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent in
Anglo-America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor
saving devices of the industrial age. In Amish areas, horse-drawn buggies till serve as a local transportation
device, and the faithful are not permitted to own automobiles. The Amish's central religious concept of Demut,
"humility", clearly reflects the weakness of individualism and social class so typical of folk cultures, and there
is a corresponding strength of Amish group identity. Rarely do the Amish marry outside their sect. The
religion, a variety of the Mennonite faith, provides the principal mechanism for maintaining order.
By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and constantly
changing. Relationships tend to be impersonal, and a pronounced division of labor exists, leading to the
establishment of many specialized professions. Secular institutions, of control such as the police and army
take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails. Because of
these contrasts, "popular" may be viewed as clearly different from "folk". The popular is replacing the folk in
industrialized countries and in many developing nations. Folk-made objects give way to their popular
equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to
use, or lends more prestige to the owner.

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153. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Two decades in modern society
B. The specialization of labor in Canada and the United States
C. The influence of industrial technology
D. The characteristics of “folk” and “popular” societies
154. The word “homogeneous” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. uniform B. general C. primitive D. traditional
155. What does the author imply about the United States and Canada?
A. They value folk cultures. B. They have popular cultures.
C. They have no social classes. D. They do not value individualism.
156. The phrase “largely renounces” is closest in meaning to _____.
A. greatly modifies B. loudly declares C. generally rejects D. often criticizes
157. What is the main source of order in Amish society?
A. The government B. The economy C. The clan structure D. The religion
158. Which of the following statements about Amish beliefs does the passage support?
A. A variety of religious practices is tolerated. B. Individualism and competition are important.
C. Pre-modern technology is preferred. D. People are defined according to their class.
159. Which of the following would probably NOT be found in a folk culture?
A. A banker B. A farmer C. A carpenter D. A weaver
160. Which of the following is NOT given as a reason why folk-made objects are replaced by mass-produced
objects?
A. cost B. prestige C. quality D. convenience

Part 8. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks
Going global - the solution or the problem?
It is often argued that nuclear power offers an unlimited and “clean” source of energy. (161) ________.
First, nuclear plants can never be made fully safe. As they get older and less reliable, they become
unstable and leakages can occur. (162) ________.
(163) ________ is that the technology is the same as that used for nuclear weapons, which could make
plants vulnerable to terrorist attacks and lead to a dangerous proliferation of nuclear weapons.
(164) ________. The dangers associated with "safe" storage of such a long period are unknown, but it
is unlikely that there could ever be complete protection from the threat of earthquakes. Are we not just
dumping our problems onto the future generations?
(165) ________. We need to develop further renewable and efficient sources of energy using the sun,
the wind and the sea. Some countries have made a good start in this direction, but most have done far too little.

161.
A. In fact, the benefits nuclear power brings about outnumbers its downsides
B. However, despite some attractions, on balance the disadvantages outweigh the advantages
C. Therefore, there are far more drawbacks of operating nuclear power plants than perks
D. Yet, it can't be denied that people nowadays cannot live without electricity from nuclear power
162.
A. Also, earthquakes, destructive geological events aftermaths, always happen and it may lead to serious
leakages and aftermaths
B. Also, as there may be serious danger of leaks and contamination for miles around, which can last for
decades, it is compulsory that an earthquake be prevented at all costs
C. Also, if there is a geological event such as an earthquake, there is a serious danger of leaks and
contamination for miles around and a toxic aftermath which can last for decades
D. Also, the prevention of earthquakes and other geological events from happening may help protect the
nuclear power leakages and aftermaths
163.
A. Another safety concern B. Secondly C. One more D. Next

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164.
A. Last but not least, we should make use all of the nuclear power instead of storing them underground for
hundreds of thousands of years to decompose so that it is no longer risky
B. Next, the main point is that nuclear power is unattractive, and the problem of radioactive waste is serious
as it can take hundreds of thousands of years for the such waster to decompose
C. Last but not least, the most important issue of using nuclear power is to prepare storage places for
radioactive waste until it no longer poses a threat, and so that we can use it for hundreds of thousands of years
D. Next, the main reason why nuclear power is unattractive, is the problem of radioactive waste and the need
to store it underground until it no longer poses a threat, which could be hundreds of thousands of years
165.
A. In a nutshell, nuclear combined with wind and solar powers can be a sustainable solution to the energy
crisis
B. To sum up, I feel the issue of waste is probably the main argument against nuclear power and the reason
why we need to think of alternatives
C. In a nutshell, I think each citizen's carbon footprint is the first thing that needs to be mitigated, unless you
want the governments to build more nuclear power plants
D. To sum up, I think everyone should cut down on the energy they use to help save the natural resources

Part 9. Circle the correct answer to complete the conversation

166. Rafael: Would you mind moving your bag from the seat?
Anna: ___________________________
A. Yes, I wouldn’t. B. No, I wouldn’t. C. Oh, sorry. D. You may not.
167. Kate: How I’m looking for something that grows well without too much water.
Gardener: ___________________________
A. You can’t grow anything without water.
B. This might be what you’re looking for. Aren’t they pretty?
C. I’ve had this tree for three years.
D. Planting trees and flowers is very entertaining.
168. Ben: Shall we eat out tonight?
Michelle: ___________________________
A. You are very welcome. B. That is understandable.
C. What a great idea! D. No, we shan’t.
169. Joey: I asked her about her condition and she snapped. How weird is that?
Fiona: ___________________________
A. Well, I can see where she’s coming from. B. Well, you wouldn’t do that, I believe.
C. Well, unfortunately, the air-con does that often. D. Well, it’s easier said than done.
170. Pete: Can I do this for you?
Hannah: ___________________________
A. No, you can’t. B. Of course, not.
C. It’s alright, thanks. D. You are welcome.

Part 10. Choose the best option with the correct conversation order.
171.
a. What a beautiful old chair! How much is it?
b. I'm asking for one hundred dollars for it.
c. Great. Let me help you load it in your truck.
d. Would you take seventy dollars for it?
e. Well, it's worth at least two hundred. How about eighty-five dollars?
f. OK, it's a deal!
A. a-b-d-e-f-c B. b-e-c-f-d-a C. e-f-a-d-b-c D. b-c-e-d-a-b

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172.
a. I'll try to be there closer to three.
b. I bought invitations and balloons for the baby shower.
c. I have a soccer game at one. I'm not sure I'll be finished by then.
d. You can come anytime after two.
e. Great! It's on Sunday, right? What time?
f. We're going to start at two.
A. b-e-f-c-d-a B. b-d-c-a-f-e C. e-f-d-c-a-b D. e-d-c-f-a-b
173.
a. Italian sounds good, but I'm having a hard time deciding. Let's eat Mexican food instead.
b. So should we go to La Casa Restaurant?
c. Yeah, I haven't had that for a while.
d. Yeah, that works for me.
e. I want Italian food tonight. How about you?
f. I'm hungry, Tim. What sounds good to you?
A. f-b-d-a-c-e B. f-e-a-c-b-d C. a-c-e-d-f-b D. a-c-e-f-b-d
174.
a. I can't keep my eyes open. I'm falling asleep in the middle of the day.
b. Did you enjoy your trip?
c. Yes, but I'm having a hard time this week.
d. What are you going to do?
e. I'm sorry. What's wrong?
f. I don't know. I think I just need to get used to working again.
A. b-c-e-a-d-f B. b-c-d-f-a-e C. b-c-a-e-f-d D. b-c-a-f-d-e
175.
a. Let me check. I have you signed up for a king-sized bed. Do you want to change that?
b. You'll be staying in room 211, which is very spacious. It's just up the stairs and to your right.
c. No, that's fine. Thank you.
d. All right, Mrs. Smith. Let me get your room key for you.
e. Thanks. I reserved a queen-sized bed, right?
f. Hi, I have a reservation under Deborah Smith.
A. e-f-a-b-c-d B. f-d-c-d-e-a C. f-d-e-a-c-b D. a-e-f-c-d-b

Part 11. Choose the best option which has the closest meaning to the first sentence
176. I avoided mentioning Jack's demotion as I realized that it might upset him.
A. I let the dogs sleep because I realized that mentioning Jack's demotion might upset him.
B. Realizing that mentioning Jack's demotion might upset him, I avoided demotivating him.
C. I let the dogs sleep because of Jack's demotion and I don't want to upset him.
D. Realizing that mentioning Jack's demotion might upset him, I let sleeping dogs lie.
177. No matter how important you think you are, the teachers will always take you down a peg or two.
A. The teachers will always give you a peg whether you are studying well or not.
B. You may think you are important, but the teachers will always show you are not.
C. No matter how important you think you are, the teachers will always hate you.
D. You may think the teachers are important, but they will always step backwards for you.
178. Winning the prize has gone to his head.
A. Winning the prize has made his head confused.
B. Winning the prize has brought about the pride for his family.
C. Winning the prize has made him very conceited.
D. Winning the prize has brought about an indulgence to him.
179. Had it not been for prompt action from the police, the fighting would have suffered heavy casualties.
A. Prompt action from the police helped to reduce the number of people killed and injured in the fighting.
B. If there was not quick action from the police, the fighting would not have happened.
C. If there had had not been quick action from the police, the fighting would have fewer heavy casualties.
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D. Prompt action from the police prevented the people from being killed and injured in the fighting.
180. His efforts to find a solution didn't deserve such a savage criticism.
A. He didn't deserve such a savage criticism to find a solution because he had efforts.
B. He shouldn't have been savagely criticized for his efforts to find a solution.
C. He shouldn't have deserved a savage criticism because he made efforts to find a solution.
D. He should have criticised savagely for his efforts to find a solution.

Part 12. Choose the best option which has the closest meaning to the first sentence
181. Parents may sometimes get a little angry at their children. On most occasions they think the world of
their offspring.
A. Infuriating as children might be at times, most parents are dedicated to them without an exception.
B. By and large, most parents have very high opinion of their children despite flying off the handles about
them once in a blue moon.
C. The rule of thumb is that most of the parents still play an indispensable role in their children's lives despite
the occasion disputes.
D. Although quarrels are few and far between, it can't be denied that children can generally twist their parents
around their little fingers.
182. Spare us the details of your story, please. Most of us have lost the thread of it anyway.
A. What with our not taking notice of your story, you should jog our memory for a short time.
B. We are bored to death with the plot of your story so please just focus on the gist.
C. Please go into details on the story you have just told us as we can't make head or tail of it.
D. You can save yourself from elaborating on your story because we have lost track of it.
183. The building contractor wants this work to be finished soon. We have been working to a strict deadline.
A. We are under a lot of time pressure to complete this work by the deadline set by the building contractor.
B. As the deadline set by the building contractor for completing the work was drawing near, we had no choice
but take our time over it.
C. The sooner the building contractor want this work to be finished, the harder it is for us to make ends meet.
D. We all pulled our weight to get this work finished prior to the imminent deadline set by the building
contractor.
184. Judging by appearances, one could say they live in perfect harmony. The truth is they hate one
another.
A. They are living harmoniously with each other despite their inconsistent appearances.
B. They go to any lengths to trick people into believing in their harmonious relationship.
C. They appear to be on good terms with each other but the truth is far from that.
D. They are sworn enemies despite once getting on well with each other.
185. All manner of picture postcards were on display. I had a hard time choosing the most suitable ones.
A. The way in which the picture postcards were put on display on the shelves posed me great problems in
choosing the most suitable ones.
B. I had difficulties singling out the most suitable picture postcards because the shop assistant made a mess
of the display.
C. I had to rack my brains as to selecting a suitable picture postcard due to the large number of them on
display.
D. I was spoilt for choice because of the displaying styles of the picture postcards.

WRITING (3.0 pts)

Part 1. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the original one.
Write your answer in the spaces provided. (0.8 pts)
186. You don't have to come and see the new house if you don't wish.
You are under ________________________________________________________________________
187. I really hate it when people speak to me like that!
I really object _________________________________________________________________________

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188. The manager gave her secretary strict instructions that no one should be allowed to disturb her.
‘Under no ___________________________________________________’ the manager told her secretary.
189. We had expected Alan to be late, but he came home early.
Contrary _____________________________________________________________________________
190. He was not in the least competent, which led to their capture.
If it had _____________________________________________________________________________
191. The headmaster has a very good opinion of the physics teacher.
The headmaster holds ___________________________________________________________________
192. He himself admits to a fear of spiders.
On his _______________________________________________________________________________
193. The traffic was so bad that there was obviously no way we would get to the station on time.
The traffic was so bad that we obviously did not stand ___________________________________________
194. I never thought of going by train.
It never occurred _______________________________________________________________________
195. We were very impressed by the new camera but found it rather expensive.
Impressed ____________________________________________________________________________
196. He was so enthusiastic that he apparently ignored any warning signs.
Such ________________________________________________________________________________
197. What I understand from her words is that it seems neither Cole nor Linda will be going to Japan.
Reading between ______________________________________________________________________
198. He sounds as if he’s spent all his life abroad.
He gives _____________________________________________________________________________

Part 2. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the word given in bold so that it has the same meaning
as the original one. You MUST use between 2-5 words, including the word given. (0.7 pts)
199. He wasn’t very willing to accept anybody else’s demands. (KINDLY)
He did not ________________________________________________________anybody else’s demands.
200. The handling of the matter has been heavily criticized by the press. (SCORN)
The press ________________________________________________________ the handling of the matter.
201. We didn’t think he was going to recover, so it was a relief when he did. (PULLED)
We were relieved when he ___________________________________________ we didn’t think he would.
202. They believe that Oliver failed his exam because he was nervous. (DOWN)
Oliver’s failure in his exam _________________________________________ the fact that he was nervous.
203. You only have a short time to complete the project. Do not waste time. (CLOCK)
You are ___________________________________________ to complete the project. Do not waste time.
204. If a fire breaks out, the emergency exit should be used. (EVENT)
___________________________________________________ a fire, the emergency exit should be used.
205. I didn’t really know whether to accept their engagement or not (MIXED)
I _____________________________________________________________________ their engagement.
206. She’s forever warning her husband about driving too fast, but he pays no attention. (OFTEN)
No _____________________________________________________ driving too fast, he pays no attention.
207. Not many people attended the meeting. (TURNOUT)
There ______________________________________________________________________the meeting.
208. Organic vegetables are said to be healthy. (WONDERS)
Organic vegetables are said ____________________________________________________ one’s health.
209. I could tell by the tone of his voice how serious the situation was. (HOME)
The tone of his voice ____________________________________________ how serious the situation was.
210. It’s not certain whether I’ll be able to pay the bills this month. (TOUCH)
It’s _____________________________________________ whether I’ll be able to pay the bills this month.

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