JOURNAL REVIEW
Title of the Journal Geotechnical Studies and Primary Support Design for a Highway
Tunnel: A Case Study in Turkey
Publisher Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment (Springer)
Volume and Page Volume 78, Pages 6311–6334
Numbers
Year of Publication 2019
Authors Ayberk Kaya and Fikri Bulut
Reviewer Eka Reira Febia
Student ID G1B024097
Date May 1, 2025
Journal Review
Abstract This journal presents a study focused on evaluating the rock
conditions along the Cankurtaran Tunnel in Turkey and designing
suitable support systems for tunnel stability. The researchers
combined field investigations, laboratory tests, rock classification
methods, and numerical modeling. The main objective was to ensure
the tunnel remains safe and stable under different geological
conditions. The abstract emphasizes that integrating empirical and
numerical approaches provides more reliable results for designing
tunnel supports.
Research To conduct the study, the authors performed detailed fieldwork such
Metodology as geological mapping, drilling, and seismic surveys. Water pressure
tests were also carried out to assess rock permeability. In the
laboratory, they tested rock samples to determine physical and
mechanical properties like strength and elasticity. The rock mass was
then classified using RMR and Q systems. After collecting all data,
the authors used 2D and 3D numerical modeling with the Finite
Element Method (FEM) to simulate tunnel behavior and examine
how different support systems would perform.
Research Results The findings revealed that rock quality along the tunnel varied
widely, with some segments being strong while others were very
weak or unstable. The study showed that certain parts of the tunnel
would experience significant deformation if left unsupported.
Empirical methods alone were not sufficient to ensure stability.
However, by adding numerical analysis, the researchers could design
more effective supports that reduced displacement and increased
tunnel safety. These supports included rock bolts, shotcrete, and in
some areas, steel ribs.
Strength One of the main strengths of this study is its comprehensive and
balanced approach. By using both traditional classification systems
and advanced numerical modeling, the authors ensured that the
tunnel support design was not only practical but also based on
accurate predictions. The study is also grounded in a real-world
project, which makes its findings applicable to other tunnel
construction projects with similar geological challenges.
Weakness Despite its strengths, the article is quite technical and may be
difficult to follow for readers who are not familiar with geotechnical
engineering. Some sections use specialized terminology without
enough explanation, which could limit understanding for general
readers or students. Additionally, certain publication details, such as
exact page numbers, are not clearly included in the file, which may
be inconvenient for citation purposes.
Conclusion In summary, the journal effectively demonstrates the importance of
using multiple methods in tunnel support design. The combination of
empirical classification and numerical simulation resulted in a safer
and more accurate design process. This study highlights the value of
thorough geotechnical analysis and offers a useful example for future
infrastructure projects involving complex ground conditions.
