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Wind Load Calculation for Buildings

The document outlines the determination of wind load on a building, assuming terrain category-II, with specific dimensions and parameters provided. It includes calculations for fundamental wind velocity, basic wind pressure, mean wind velocity, and external pressure coefficients. Additionally, it compares wind load codes between EBCS 1-1995 and ES EN1991-1:4, 2015, detailing the equations and constants used in the calculations.

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16 views9 pages

Wind Load Calculation for Buildings

The document outlines the determination of wind load on a building, assuming terrain category-II, with specific dimensions and parameters provided. It includes calculations for fundamental wind velocity, basic wind pressure, mean wind velocity, and external pressure coefficients. Additionally, it compares wind load codes between EBCS 1-1995 and ES EN1991-1:4, 2015, detailing the equations and constants used in the calculations.

Uploaded by

temsiyonmohe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Example-1

Determination of wind load on a building assume terrain category-II.


cont’d

Basic data
➢ Total length : b = 72,000 mm = 72 m
➢ Spacing: s = 7,200 mm = 7.2 m
➢ Bay width : d = 30,000 mm= 30 m
➢ Height (max): h = 7,300 mm = 7.3 m
➢ Roof slope: α = 5,0
Height above ground
h = 7.30 m and α = 5° leads to: h´ = 7.30 – 15 tan 5° = 5.988 m
Solution
1. The fundamental wind velocity , Vb,o = 22 m/s [Constant]
2. Basic wind velocity, 𝑉𝑏 ,

𝑉𝑏 = 1 ∗ 1 ∗ 22 = 22 𝑚/𝑠

1
3. Basic wind pressure, 𝑞𝑏 𝑞𝑏 = ∗ 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 ∗ 𝑉𝑏 2
2

𝟏
𝒒𝒃 = 𝟐 ∗ 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓 ∗ 𝟐𝟐𝟐 = 𝟑𝟎𝟐. 𝟓 𝑵/𝒎𝟐

4. Calculation of Mean wind velocity, 𝑉𝑚 𝑧


𝑉𝑚 𝑧 = 𝐶𝑟 𝑧 ∗ 𝐶𝑜 𝑧 ∗ 𝑉𝑏
Cont’d
Z = 7.3 m, So, 𝒁𝒎𝒊𝒏 < 𝒁 < 𝒁𝒎𝒂𝒙 Use Table 4.1 for constants.
𝐾𝐼 1
𝐼𝑣 = 𝑧 = = 0.20065
𝐶𝑜 𝑧 × ln(𝑧𝑜) 1 ∗ ln 7.3
0.05

𝑍 0.05 0.07 7.3


𝐶𝑟 𝑧 = 𝐾𝑇 × ln = 0.19 ∗ ∗ ln = 0.946885
𝑍0 0.05 0.05

𝑽𝒎 𝒛 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒𝟔𝟖𝟖𝟓 ∗ 𝟏 ∗ 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎. 𝟖𝟑𝟏 𝒎/𝒔

5. Peak velocity pressure,

1 2
𝑞𝑝 𝑧 = 1 + 7𝐼𝑉 𝑧 ∗ ∗ 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 ∗ 𝑉𝑚 𝑧
2
𝑞𝑝 7.3 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓𝟐𝟏𝟔𝒌𝑵/𝒎𝟐
Cont’d
6. The wind pressure acting on the external surfaces,
we = qp(ze) × cpe
cpe is depends on the size of the loaded area A.

a) for vertical wall


ℎ 7.3
• For 𝑑 = = 0.2433 ≤ 0.25
30

•D 𝐶𝑝𝑒 = 0.7

•E 𝐶𝑝𝑒 = −0.3

A. 𝐶𝑝𝑒 = −1.2
B. 𝐶𝑝𝑒 = −0.8
C. 𝐶𝑝𝑒 = −0.5
Cont’d
• b) Duo Pitch Roof with α = 5,0°,
θ= 0° (wind direction)
e= min (b; 2h)
e= min (72; 14.6)
e = 14.6 m

F: Cpe=-1.7
G: Cpe = - 1,2
H: Cpe = - 0,6
I: Cpe= - 0,6
J: Cpe = 0,2 / - 0,6
⇒ Cpe = - 0,6
Cont’d
• External pressure coefficients cpe (for zone D, E, G, H, I and J)

• The wind pressure acting on the internal surfaces of a structure, wi

wi = qp(zi) × cpi

where: zi is the reference height for the internal pressure

cpi is the pressure coefficient for the internal pressure


Cont’d
• Within this example it is not possible to estimate the permeability and
opening ratio of the building.
• So cpi should be taken as the more onerous of + 0.2 or – 0.3. In this case
cpi is unfavorable when cpi is taken to + 0.2.
Wind loads
The wind loadings per unit length w (in kN/m) for an internal frame are calculated
using the influence width (spacing) s = 7. 20 m:

w = (cpe + cpi) × qp × s
Code comparison

R.N EBCS 1-1995 ES EN1991-1:4, 2015


1 Basic value of wind velocity for Ethiopia The fundamental wind velocity , Vb,o = 22
vref,o = 22 m/sec m/s
2 Reference wind velocity, vref = vref,o Basic wind velocity, 𝑉𝑏 ,
𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 𝐶𝑑𝑖𝑟 ∗ 𝐶𝑡𝑒𝑚 ∗ 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∗ 𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓,0 𝑉𝑏 = 𝐶𝑑𝑖𝑟 ∗ 𝐶𝑡𝑒𝑚 ∗ 𝑉𝑏,0
= 1 * 1 * 1 * 22 = 22 m/sec 𝑉𝑏 = 1 ∗ 1 ∗ 22 = 22 𝑚/𝑠
3 Reference wind pressure Basic wind pressure, 𝑞𝑏
qref = ½ ρ vref2 1
𝑞𝑏 = ∗ 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 ∗ 𝑉𝑏 2
where, ρ varies with altitude 2
𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓, which is constant
4 External wind pressure The wind pressure acting on the external
surfaces, we = qp(ze) × cpe
We = qref Ce(ze) Cpe

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