BIOLOGY MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Fully Worked Solutions (Questions 1–50)
Prepared for Study & Exam Revision
Questions 1–22 (concise answers):
1. The bacterium — 2 only (lacks a nucleus).
2. Mitochondria present — 4 only (in eukaryotes).
3. Endocytosis — 2,3,4 (eukaryotic, uptake of fluid, energy-consuming).
4. Viruses — 3 only (obligate parasites).
5. Humoral immunity — 2 only (B-lymphocytes).
6. Osmotic pressure — 1 & 3 true (depends on concentration, increases with T) — No exact letter.
7. Active transport — D (2 & 4 true: needs ATP and important to cell life).
8. Striated muscle cell — D (2 & 4 true: multinucleated, thin+thick filaments).
9. Sarcomere — E (3 & 4 true: between Z-lines and comprises half-band + A-band + half-band).
10. Skeletal muscle contraction — A (1,2,3 true: A band same, I band shorten, sarcomeres shorten).
11. Carotid sinus reflex — B (2 & 3 true: increased BP leads to decreased HR and increased vagal
firing).
12. Glial cells — A (1,2,3 true: myelin, BBB support, more numerous than neurons).
13. Nerve transmission — B (2 & 3 true: pulses in myelinated; continuous in non-myelinated).
14. Vaccination — E (3 & 4 true: uses attenuated/killed antigens; produces memory lymphocytes).
15. Crossing over — 1 & 3 true (occurs in prophase I; produces chromatids with different alleles) —
No exact letter.
16. Insulin origin/action — 2,3,4 true (glucose stimulates secretion; rapid post-meal release; hepatic
action) — No exact letter.
17. DNA replication — E (3 & 4 true: semi-conservative; occurs in S phase).
18. Menstruation — E (provoked by fall in ovarian hormones).
19. Estrogens — A & D (promote uterine proliferation; partly from corpus luteum).
20. Gonadotropic axis — D (hypothalamus, pituitary, gonads).
21. Dividing bacteria processes — B (mitosis does not occur).
22. Epididymis function — B (sperm acquire motility).
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Questions 23–50 (concise answers):
23. G1 phase — Correct: C only (high metabolic activity).
24. Coma glycemia — Correct: C only (≈0.2 g/L hypoglycemic coma).
25. Cellular respiration — Correct: A only (glycolysis → Krebs → ETC).
26. Photosynthetic O2 source — Correct: E (water photolysis; none listed explicitly earlier).
27. Biuret test — Correct: C only (proteins).
28. Nucleic acid building blocks — Correct: B only (nucleotides).
29. Polypeptide synthesis steps — Correct: C (initiation → elongation → termination).
30. Skeletal muscle property ‘except’ — Correct: D (not automatic).
31. Air pathway — Correct: A (larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles).
32. Backbone bond — Correct: C (phosphodiester).
33. Molecules in nucleic acids — Letter A (1 & 3 true).
34. Base pairing — Letter C (2 & 4 true).
35. Primary structure determined by — Correct: B (mRNA base sequence).
36. Distorted RBC homozygous condition — Correct: D (sickle cell anaemia).
37. Salivary hydrolysis of starch — Correct: B (maltose).
38. Photosynthetic O2 source — Correct: E (water photolysis).
39. Lymphocyte production/maturation — Correct: A and D (bone marrow & thymus roles).
40. Humoral immunity cells — Correct: B (B-lymphocytes).
41. Natural active immunity — Correct: A (infection).
42. Cell-surface markers — Correct: B (antigens).
43. RBCs of group O — Correct: D (no A/B antigens).
44. Energy after glycolysis — Correct: C (retained in pyruvate).
45. Cytoplasmic organelles — Correct: B (mitochondria).
46. Normal WBC count — Correct: A (≈4500–5500 per mm³).
47. Albinism probability — Correct: C (1/4).
48. Haemophiliac father, carrier mother — Correct: C (1/3 of viable births affected).
49. Pepsin inactive in small intestine — Correct: B (alkaline milieu).
50. Normal human fertilisation — Correct: D (does not correct meiotic errors).
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Quick Answer Sheet (1–50)
1)2;2)4;3)2,3,4;4)3;5)2;6)No exact;7)D;8)D;9)E;10)A;11)B;12)A;13)B;14)E;15)No exact;16)No exact;
17)E;18)E;19)A,D;20)D;21)B;22)B;23)C;24)C;25)A;26)E;27)C;28)B;29)C;30)D;31)A;32)C;33)A;34)C;
35)B;36)D;37)B;38)E;39)A,D;40)B;41)A;42)B;43)D;44)C;45)B;46)A;47)C;48)C;49)B;50)D.
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