UNIT- 1
CLOUD COMPUTING IMPORTANT LAST 10 YEARS QUESTION SET WITH
SOLUTION
2 Marks:
1. What is a Cloud?
A cloud refers to a network of remote servers hosted on the internet
that store, manage, and process data rather than a local server or
personal computer.
It allows users to access data and applications online without the need
for dedicated hardware.
Q2. Define Cloud Computing.
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services (like storage,
processing power, databases, networking, software) over the internet
("the cloud").
This model enables users to access resources on-demand, scale easily,
and pay only for what they use, avoiding the need to own and maintain
physical servers.
Q3. Explain the benefits of cloud computing.
Cost Efficiency: No need to invest in expensive hardware or maintain
infrastructure.
Scalability: Resources can be scaled up or down depending on
demand.
Flexibility: Access applications and data from anywhere with an
internet connection.
Disaster Recovery: Data is stored in multiple locations, reducing the
risk of data loss.
Collaboration: Multiple users can work together on the same project
in real time.
Q4. Name the three basic clouds in cloud computing.
1. Public Cloud: Cloud resources are owned and operated by a third-
party provider and shared across multiple customers.
2. Private Cloud: Cloud infrastructure is used exclusively by a single
organization.
3. Hybrid Cloud: A combination of both public and private clouds,
offering greater flexibility and optimization of existing infrastructure.
Q5. What is Grid Computing?
Grid computing involves the pooling of distributed computing resources
to work on a shared task. It connects computers over a network to enable
processing power for large-scale problems, typically focusing on tasks like
scientific research, simulations, and data analysis.
Q6. What is Utility Computing?
Utility computing refers to a model where computing resources are
provided as a metered service, similar to traditional utilities like electricity
or water. Users pay based on their usage, which can scale dynamically as
demand changes.
5 Marks: In-depth answers
Q1. Write about History of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing traces its roots to the 1960s when John McCarthy
suggested that computing might one day be organized as a utility.
The term “cloud computing” came into use in the early 2000s.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) launched in 2006 as one of the first
significant cloud platforms, providing scalable computing services over
the internet.
Other companies, like Google, Microsoft, and IBM, followed, and the
cloud industry rapidly expanded, evolving with innovations such as
SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS.
Q2. Write in detail about the Importance of Cloud Computing in the
current era.
Cloud computing has revolutionized how businesses and individuals
access and utilize technology. It has become essential for:
Business Agility: Enables faster innovation and response to market
needs.
Cost Reduction: Reduces the need for expensive hardware, servers,
and infrastructure.
Remote Work: Facilitates collaboration and data access from
anywhere.
Disaster Recovery & Security: Data is stored in multiple locations,
providing robust security and business continuity.
Global Reach: Businesses can easily serve global customers without
local infrastructure.
Q3. Explain in detail about the characteristics of Cloud Computing.
On-Demand Self-Service: Users can provision computing resources
as needed, automatically, without human intervention.
Broad Network Access: Cloud services are available over the
network and accessible via various devices (PCs, smartphones).
Resource Pooling: Cloud providers pool resources to serve multiple
customers using a multi-tenant model.
Rapid Elasticity: Resources can be quickly scaled up or down to meet
demand.
Measured Service: Resource usage is monitored, and users are billed
based on consumption.
Q4. Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing (or) Advantages and
Disadvantages of Cloud Computing.
Advantages:
Cost-effective: Pay-per-use model minimizes upfront costs.
Scalability: Resources scale as per business needs.
Accessibility: Work from anywhere on any device with internet
access.
Security: Cloud providers offer high levels of security.
Automatic Updates: Regular updates and maintenance are handled
by the provider.
Disadvantages:
Downtime: Service outages can affect business operations.
Security Concerns: Storing sensitive data on the cloud raises security
and privacy concerns.
Limited Control: Cloud users have limited control over infrastructure
and services.
Data Transfer Costs: Transferring large amounts of data may incur
costs.
[Link] are Key Characteristics of Cloud? (To Answer this question:
Write about Virtualization and SOA).
Virtualization: Allows for the creation of multiple virtual instances of
servers on a single physical machine. This maximizes resource
utilization and reduces costs.
SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture): A design principle where
applications are broken into smaller services, each responsible for a
specific task. SOA allows for modular and scalable cloud services.
Q6. What are the Key Stages in migrating to the cloud? (Answer:
Write about 3 stages -> Plan, Execute and Monitor)
Plan: Assess current infrastructure, select the right cloud service,
and define the migration strategy.
Execute: Implement the cloud solution, migrate data, and transition
applications.
Monitor: Continuously monitor cloud performance, address any
issues, and optimize for cost and performance.
Q7. Types of Cloud Computing? (Private cloud, Public cloud, Hybrid
Cloud, Community Cloud)
Private Cloud: Cloud infrastructure used exclusively by one
organization. It offers control and security, but higher costs.
Public Cloud: Cloud resources are owned and operated by a third-
party provider and shared among multiple users. Examples include
AWS, Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure.
Hybrid Cloud: A combination of private and public clouds, offering
greater flexibility in managing workloads between both
environments.
Community Cloud: Shared cloud infrastructure used by a specific
community or organization with common interests or requirements.
Q8. Write about Cloud Computing Infrastructure.
Cloud computing infrastructure includes:
Computing Resources: Servers, storage, and network capabilities.
Virtualization: Technology that abstracts physical resources to
provide flexible and scalable computing environments.
Data Centers: Physical facilities that house servers, network
equipment, and storage resources.
Cloud Management Tools: Software that helps manage, monitor,
and scale cloud resources.
Q9. Cloud Service Models
SaaS (Software as a Service): Software applications provided over
the internet, such as Google Workspace, Microsoft 365.
PaaS (Platform as a Service): Provides platforms for developers to
build, deploy, and manage applications without managing the
underlying infrastructure (e.g., Google App Engine).
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Provides virtualized computing
resources like virtual machines, networks, and storage (e.g., AWS
EC2).
BaaS (Backend as a Service): Provides cloud-based backend services
for mobile applications.
MaaS (Monitoring as a Service): Provides monitoring services for
cloud resources and applications.
