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2025 NHT Generalmaths1

2025 NHT General Maths Exam 1

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2K views32 pages

2025 NHT Generalmaths1

2025 NHT General Maths Exam 1

Uploaded by

tennis parent
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© © All Rights Reserved
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General Mathematics Examination 1 Multiple-Choice Question Book VCE (NHT) Examination — Thursday 22 May 2025 VCE Examination + Reading time is 15 minutes: 2.00pm to 2.15pm + Writing time is 1 hour 30 minutes: 2.15pm to 3.45pm Approved materials + One bound reference that may be annotated + One approved CAS calculator or CAS software, and one scientific calculator Materials supplied + Multiple-Choice Question Book of 28 pages + Formula Sheet + Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet Instructions + Follow the instructions on your Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet. + You may keep this Multiple-Choice Question Book. Students are not permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room. Contents pages 0 questions (40 marks). 2-25 Vc cuRRicuLuM rORIA © VCAA2025 AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY Etna Page 2 of 28 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Instructions + Answer all questions in pencil on the Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet. + Choose the response that is correct for the question + Acorrect answer scores 1; an incorrect answer scores 0. + Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers. + No marks will be given if more than one answer is completed for any question. + Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale. Data analysis Question 1 The table below shows the rainfall in millimetres (mm) recorded at a weather station in Melbourne during the month of January for the years 2016 to 2024, Year Rainfall (mm) 2016 53.4 2017 33.2 2018 6 2019 12.6 2020 129.4 2021 93.6 2022 723 2023 223 2024 177 Source: Bureau of Meteorology, Austraka The median rainfall, in mm, during January for the years 2016 to 2024 was A. 67.6 B. 72.3 c. 736 D. 129.4 J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 3 of 28 Question 2 Passengers on a tram were surveyed for reasons why they travelled by tram. Each reason, along with the percentage of surveyed passengers who gave that reason, is displayed in the segmented bar chart below. 100 Key 90 y %0 [lf ncar tram stop 70 i nocar 60 £8 parking problems percentage 50 oo W lower cost Bi less stress The combined percentage of surveyed passengers who gave the reason ‘lower cost’ or ‘no car’ is closest to A. 14% B. 26% Cc. 40% D. 66% Question 3 The investment retums, as percentages, of seven superannuation funds for the year 2022 are shown in the table below Investment returns 3.1% 2.0% -2.6% 3.4% 4.1% 17% 2.2% Source: ww [Link] au The range of these investment returns was A. 2.4% B. 15% c. 24% D. 5.8% Page 4 of 28 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Use the following information to answer Questions 4 and 5. The systolic blood pressure of 50 people was recorded. The results are summarised in the histogram below. 12 frequency 6 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 systolic blood pressure Question 4 For this group of people, the distribution of their systolic blood pressure is best described as A. symmetric. B. bell-shaped. C. positively skewed. D. negatively skewed. Question 5 The percentage of these people with a systolic blood pressure less than 120 is closest to A. 36% B. 41% c. 72% D. 82% J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 5 of 28 Question 6 The distribution of the weights of eggs produced at a chicken farm is assumed to be normally distributed Analysis of 2000 eggs showed that: + 16% of the eggs had a weight more than 96 grams + 97.5% of the eggs had a weight more than 51 grams Using the 68-95-99.7% rule, the mean and standard deviation of the weights of these eggs are respectively A. 4Sand6 B. 62.25 and 11.25 ©. 73.5 and 11.25 D. 8landis Question 7 The price of one share in a particular company is measured on the first trading day of each month. A reciprocal transformation is applied to price and the equation of the least squares line relating price and month is = 13.20.74 x month On the first trading day of month 15, the price of one share predicted by the model is closest to A. 0.08 B. 0.48 c. 2.10 D. 13.17 Page 6 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Use the following information to answer Questions 8 and 9. The scatterplot below shows the fest scores and the study time in hours for students in a class. A least squares line has been added to the scatterplot. 100 90 | ft 80 10 t 60 50 40 305 20 10 0+ ' Oo os 1 18 2 25 3 35 4 45 study time (hours) lest scores Question 8 The slope of the least squares line is closest to A. 16 B. 20 c. 25 D. 36 Question 9 From the scatterplot, it can be concluded that a A. longer time spent studying causes a higher test score. B. longer time spent studying is associated with a higher test score. C. shorter time spent studying is associated with a higher test score. D. shorter time spent studying causes a higher test score. J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed FA Ss 5 re Ps eS A EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 7 of 28 Question 10 A group of people are shown a list of words. The table below gives the proportion of these words that people in the group could remember, proportion, at different times, time (in seconds), after the list is removed. A scatterplot of the data is also shown, time proportion 1 0.84 5 om 1+ 1S 0.61 09 30 0.56 ost 60 0.54 07% * 120 047 86% 05 240 0.45 Proportion * 04H 3 480 0.38 03 . 720 0.36 02 * aI 1440 0.26 ot r 0 2880 0.2 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 5760 0.16 time (seconds) 10080 0.08 The scatterplot is non-linear A logarithmic (base 10) transformation applied to the variable rime can be used to linearise the scatterplot, The equation of the least squares line fitted to the linearised data is closest to A. proportion =0.53 ~ 0.00006 x log, (time) proportion =~ 0.29 — 0,00009 x logy (time) proportion = 0.06 ~ 0.22 x logis (time) pos proportion = 0.85 ~ 0.18 x logo (time) Page 8 of 28 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Question 11 The graph below shows parallel boxplots for the av. in 208 countries in 1896, 1946 and 1996. age heights of adult males, in centimetres, 1857 180 175 semge 179 height (em 165 160 155 150 1396 1946 1996 Data’ adapted from Our Wori in Data website, 2024 Which one of the following statements can be concluded from the boxplots A. The range of the average heights for males in the 208 countries was greater in 1946 than in 1996. B. The average adult male height was greater than 170 cm in 1996 for more than 100 of the countries observed. C. The largest average adult male height observed in 1896 was less than the median of the average male heights observed in 1996. D. No countries out of any of the 208 countries observed had an average adult male height less than 155 cm in 1896. Question 12 Ale + The standard deviation of the explanatory variable data is twice that of the response variable data. + 81% of the variation in the response variable can be explained by the variation in the explanatory variable. + The correlation between x and y is negative + The residual associated with the data point (2, 5) is 0.5 st squares line, y = a + bx, is fitted to data for an explanatory variable x and a response variable What is the residual associated with the data point (3, 4)? A. -0.05 B. -1.05 c. 0.30 D. 1.30 J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 9 of 28 The time series plot below shows the price of gold, per unit, in Australian dollars (SA) for 10 days in Question 13 May 2024. 3700 3660 3620 price (A) 3580 3540 3500+ 0 day 7 8 9 OW ‘Source: ABC Bulon, Sydney 2024 When smoothed, using three-median smoothing, the time series plot will look most like price (SA) price (BA) 35004 012 3700~ 3660 3620 3580 3540 34567891011 day 3500-7 012 34567891011 day price (SA) price (SA) 3700: 3660. 3620: 3580. 3540: 3500: 0123456789101 day 3700 3660: 3620 3580: 3540. 3500: 0123456789101 day Page 10 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Use the following information to answer Questions 14 and 15. Umbrella sales for 2022-2023 and seasonal indices are shown in the table below. Autumn | Winter Spring Number of umbrellas sold 8143 9469 14276 11478 Seasonal index 0.75 1.28 1.10 Question 14 The seasonal index for summer is 0.75 This tells us that, on average, the number of umbrellas sold during summer is A. 25% less than the seasonal average, B. 75% less than the seasonal average. C. 25% more than the seasonal average. D. 75% more than the seasonal average 9 Fy Question 15 3 The deseasonalised value of the number of umbrellas sold in autumn is closest to = A. 7575 5 B. 8238 5 c. 10100 a D. 10884 rs re Ed 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 11 of 28 Question 16 The time series plot below shows the monthly number of visitors to a pool recorded over four years. 10000: 9000: 8000: 7000 y 6000. J to, 5000 4 2000: 1000 0 0 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 month Cons I Seasonality is present. der the following four statements relating to the times series plot. II An increasing trend is present. IIL Irregular fluctuations are present. IV_ Structural change is present. Which of the four statements are correct? A. |, Iland II only B. 1,1, Iland1Vv . Tand ITonly D. Hand Ill only FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} Page 12 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Recursion and financial modelling Question 17 A sequence of numbers is generated by the recurrence relation Tyy1=0.5T,~5 The first negative term in the sequence is AT, BT; c. 7; D. 7; Question 18 Roderick receives a monthly payment afler investing $440 000 in a perpetuity at an interest rate of 5% per annum compounding monthly. The monthly payment the perpetuity provides to Roderick in its second year is closest to A. $1817 B. $1833 C. $1986 D. $2000 Question 19 Aisha took out a reducing balance loan of $500 000 with interest calculated quarterly. The balance of the loan, in dollars, after m quarters, 4,,, can be modelled by the recurrence relation Ag = 500000, Ay. =1.0154,-d With regular quarterly payments, Aisha repays the loan in full in 20 years. The value of d is closest to A. $7598.52 B. $9923.26 C. $10774.16 D. $19790.92 9 6 Fy e 3 Pvc) FA Ss 5 re Ps eS A EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 13 of 28 Question 20 Teresa has office equipment that she purchased for $8000, She depr After four years the office equipment is valued at $3000. tes the value of the equipment using the reducing balance method. The annual reducing balance rate used by Teresa is closest to A. 15.6% B. 17.8% Cc. 21.7% D. 27.9% Question 21 Nina invests $2000 at 9.25% per annum compounding annually. After how many years will Nina’s investment first be more than double its initial value? A. 8years B. 9 years C. 10 years D. 11 years Question 22 Recursive calculations to determine the value, V,,, in dollars, of a reducing balance loan after n time periods begin as follows ¥,=400000 V; = 1.003 x 400000 — 2076.19 = 399 123.81 V,, = 1.003 x 399 123.81 — 2076.19 = 398 244.99 All repayments are the same until the final one. The interest rate charged on the loan does not change. To ensure the loan is fully repaid to the nearest cent, the last repayment could be A. $2076.04 B. $2076.19 C. $2076.34 D. $2076.49 Page 14 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Question 23 Yanni took out a loan for $10000. Yanni makes no repayments in the first year. Compound interest is charged at a fixed interest rate per annum, though the compounding period may vary If the interest compounded monthly, then the effective rate of interest for this loan would be 6.4% per annum. If the interest compounded annually, the amount of interest charged in the first year of the loan would be closest to A. $622 B. $640 c. $659 D. $666 Question 24 Kenneth borrows $165 000. He is charged interest at 6% per annum compounding quarterly. The scheduled repayments are $5515.47 per quarter Halfway through the term of the loan, Kenneth pays off the entire remaining balance in one payment. The amount Kenneth saves in interest by doing this is closest to A. $10319 B. S15616 ©. $33725 D. $4003 J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 15 of 28 Matrices Question 25, Matrix A shown below is symmetric. 0173 1028 A= ab06 3c 6 0 The values of a, b and care A. a=7 b=2 B. a=7 b= © a=7 b D. a=8 b=2 Question 26 Matrix K is a square matrix. Multiplying K by its inverse will result in A. arow matrix. B. a column matrix. €. the determinant D. anidentity matrix. FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} Question 27 The following life-cycle transition diagram shows the life cycle of a female population of a certain size. Ono Oar!) dito Compared with its initial size, in the long term the female population is exps A. remain unchanged. B. decrease, C. increase by 30%. D. increase by 50%. Page 16 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Use the following information to answer Questions 28 and 29. A shop sells mattresses. The mattresses come in four sizes, single (S), double (D), queen (Q) and king (A). The mattresses come in two comfort levels, lush (L) and firm (F). Matrix B below shows the number of each type of mattress sold in February 2025. SDOK 45 15 87 12|L 12 69 I8|F Matrix C gives the predicted number of each type of mattress that will be sold during February 2026, SDORK 60 20 116 16]L 4416 92 24le Question 28 Matrix C could have been calculated using which one of the following equations? A c=38 10 B. C=1B c. c-4e 10 pv. c=‘ 9 6 Fy e 3 Pvc) FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 17 of 28 Question 29 The matrix product X(C — By’ gives a row matrix with the total predicted increases in sales for both lush and firm mattresses between February 2025 and February 2026. Matrix X alt h fl s. |! lt 1 ce [I rt q fl 000 0100 > Joo10 lo 001 Question 30 choice tests for his class. Ben is writing multiple- For each test, students are given five multiple-choice questions with options 4, B, C, D and E. The five questions for Test 1 have the following answers: Question 1 2 3 4 5 Answer A B E D c This information can be represented by matrix Q. Q-[4 B E Dc] Ben uses a permutation matrix, P, to decide on the answers for Test 2 onwards according to the rule Test n= Q x P"-!, where m is the test number, He has noticed that the answers to question 1 and question 4 never change. The answers to questions 2, 3 and 5 do change. Which one of the folloy A. Test2 B. Test3 Cc. Test 4 D. Test 5S ng tests will have the same answers as Test 1? Page 18 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Use the following information to answer Questions 31 and 32. A course requires students to pass two levels of study before they graduate. Each level of study takes one year. + Students must pass the first level (L) before they move on to the second level (L2). + Students must pass the second level before they become graduates (G). From one year to the next, it is known that + 80% of students pass the first level of study and progress to the second level of study + 60% of students in the second level of study become graduates the following year. Students who do not pass a level of study repeat it in the following year. No student leaves the course before graduating. Question 31 What percentage of students are expected to graduate without repeating a level of study? A. 36% B. 48% Cc. 60% D. 64% Question 32 ‘At the start of 2025, the numbers of students enrolled in L/ and L2 of the course and who have graduated from the course are given by the recurrence relation (1000) Lr k 0 1 =TS, +| 0 0 0 where + Tis the transition matrix showing the expected proportion of students moving between states L/, L2 and G from one year to the next + 5, is the state matrix 7 years after the start of 2025. To ensure that there are always students studying the course, new students are enrolled into the first level every year so that the number of students studying the first level remains at 1000. Kis the number of new students enrolled at the first level each year. At the start of which year will the expected number of students who have graduated from the course first exceed 5000? A. 2032 B. 2033 c. 2034 D. 2035 J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 19 of 28 Networks and decision mathematics Question 33, Four workers at a factory ate allocated five tasks, all of which must be completed, Each worker must complete at least one task, and one worker must complete two tasks. The bipartite graph shows which tasks can be completed by each worker. Task 1 Qing Task 2 Leslie Task 3 Mandy Task 4 Demitri Task 5 The worker who must complete two tasks is A. Qing B. Leslie . Mandy D. Demitri Question 34 A planar graph has nine edges and six faces. AS BS cu D. 15 Page 20 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Question 35, Consider the graphs below. 4 BoA B c D D c Which two graphs are equivalent? A. LandIl B. [and IIT c. TandIV D. Iland1V 9 6 Fy e 3 Pvc) FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 21 of 28 Question 36 Consider the weighted graph below. 10 Q 10 Which one of the following is not a minimum spanning tree for this weighted graph? A. B. y Page 22 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Question 37 The adjacency matrix below shows all the road connections between five towns, V, W, X, Y and Z. VWXY 11 22 02 0 120 N R= wD 0 Xx} 1 2 The road connections could be represented by which one of the following maps? 9 6 Fy e 3 Pvc) FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 23 of 28 Question 38 Three friends, Alex, Bishnu and Cassie, start from the Station and travel through the city, ending at the Town Hall. The following network shows the distances, in metres, of the streets they will travel on. The vertices represent city landmarks. Town Hall Station G travel towards vertex B, and C: From the Station, Alex will travel towards vertex 4, Bishnu wi will travel towards vertex C. All three journeys end at the Town Hall. Which one of the following statements is true? A. Only Alex could have the shortest distance to travel. B. Only Bishnu could have the shortest distance to travel, C, Both Cassie and Bishnu could have the shortest distance to travel, but not Alex. D. Both Alex and Bishnu could have the shortest distance to travel, but not Cassie. Page 24 of 28 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Question 39, The following network represents the flow of water from an Easement (source) to a storm water Drain (sink). The water flows through pipes, represented by edges, beneath a series of houses, represented by vertices. The numbers on the edges represent the flow of water through the pipes in litres per second. Drain (D) Easement (E) To increase the flow of water from the Easement to the Drain, the direction of flow of one of the pipes can be reversed To achieve the maximum increase, the direction of water flow should be reversed between which two vertices? A. BandF B. BandG c. Cand! D. Mandl J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 25 of 28 Question 40 A project involves 1 activities, 4 to K. The duration, in days, and the immediate pred: Activity Duration Immediate Predecessors A 1 - B 9 - c 13 A D 6 B E 8 CD F 16 B G 7 B H 5 G I H J 9 EFI K 12 H wre shown in the table below. When the project takes place, the duration of activity is inereased by 4 days, By how many days does thi A B. c. D. increase the original minimum completion time of the project? End of examination questions Page 26 of 28, 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 This page is blank. J 8 5 g 3 z 5 = Fa 2 Fy Ed 2025 VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Page 27 of 28 This page is blank. FA Ss 5 2 Ps eS o EB 2 A r} © Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority 2025 nN lo} Z| xj = General Mathematics Examination 1 2025 Formula Sheet You may keep this Formula Sheet. ©VCAA 2025 Vc cuRRtcuLuM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY Page 20f4 Data analysis Formula Sheet VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 standardised score least squares line of best fit lower and upper fence x 3+ 13x ina boxplot lower QI—1.5xIQR upper Q3+1.5xIQR bx, where b= and residual value residual value = actual value — predicted value seasonal index seasonal index actual figure deseasonalised figure Recursion and financial modelling first-order linear recurrence relation effective rate of interest for a compound interest loan or investment VCE (NHT) General Mathematics Examination 1 Formula Sheet Page 3 of 4 Matrices determinant of a2 x 2 matrix inverse of a2 x 2 matrix det #0 where recurrence relation wrrence relation Networks and decision mathemati ics Euler’s formula vtfeer2 End of Formula Sheet © Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority 2025

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