3/9/23, 1:02 PM WAVE OPTICS

vision neet academy

WAVE OPTICS
23 Mar 2023

Topics Covered:
Physics: Resolving Power , Young's Double Slit Experiment,
Wave Optics-Theories Of Light & Doppler Effect in Light, Interference Of Light.
Polarisation of Light & Malus Law, Diffraction of Light &

5) If a star is moving towards the earth, then the

1) If the velocity of a galaxy relative to the earth

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lines are shifted towards:
is then percentage increase
6 −1
1.2 × 10 ms

in wavelength of light from galaxy as (1) Red

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compared to the similar source on earth will be (2) Infrared

(1) 0.3% (3) Blue

(2) 0.4% (4) Green

(3) 0.5% 6) The figure shows a wavefront P passing

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(4) 0.6% through two systems A and B emerging as Q
and then as R. The system A and B could
2) A star is moving away from earth and shift in
respectively be:
the spectral line of wavelength 5700 Å is 1.90
Å. The velocity of the star is
(1) 50 kms−1
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(2) 70 kms−1
(3) 80 kms−1
(1) A prism and a converging lens
(4) 100 kms−1
(2) A convergent lens and a prism
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3) A wavefront and a ray of light are

(3) A divergent lens and a prism
(1) Perpendicular to each other
(4) A convergent lens and a divergent lens
(2) Parallel to each other
7) The phase difference between two coherent
(3) Converging towards each other
light waves having the same amplitude A is
(4) Diverging from one another
2π/3 . If these waves superpose each other at
4) Light waves travel in vaccum along the y-axis a point, then resultant amplitude at the point of
which of the following may represent the superposition will be
wavefront (1) 2A
(1) x=constant (2) 0
(2) y=constant (3) A
(3) z=constant (4) A
2

(4) ) x+y+z=constant

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8) The intensity of central bright fringe due to 12) The intensity ratio of the maxima and minima
interference of two identical coherent in an interference pattern produced by two
monochromatic sources is I. If one of the coherent sources of light is 9 : 1. The
sources is switched off, the intensity of the intensities of the used light sources are in
central bright fringe becomes ratio
(1) I

2
(1) 3 : 1
(2)
I

3
(2) 4 : 1
(3) I

4
(3) 9 : 1

(4) I (4) 10 : 1

9) The ratio of amplitudes of the waves coming 13) The phenomenon of interference is shown by

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from two slits having widths in the ratio 4:1 will (1) Longitudinal mechanical waves only
be (2) Transverse mechanical waves only

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(1) 1 : 2 (3) Electromagnetic waves only
(2) 2 : 1 (4) All the above types of waves
(3) 1 : 4
14) The interference pattern is obtained with two
(4) 4 : 1
coherent light sources of intensity ratio n. In
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10) To observe a stationary interference pattern the interference pattern, find the ratio
Imax − Imin
formed by two light waves, which of the Imax +Imin
.
following is not a necessary condition : (1) 2 √n

(A) Same frequency (n+1)

(B) Same amplitude (2) √n

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(n+1)

(C) Constant phase difference

(3) 2√n

(D) Same intensity (n+1)

(1) A (4) √n

2
(n+1)

(2) B, D
15) Two sources of waves are called coherent if
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(3) C
(1) Both have the same amplitude of
(4) D
vibrations
11) The optical path of monochromatic light is the (2) Both produce waves of the same
same if it goes through 2 cm of glass and x wavelength
cm of ruby. If the refraction index of glass is (3) Both produce waves of the same
1.510 and that of ruby is 1.760, then x is wavelength having constant phase
(1) 1.716 cm difference
(2) 1.525 cm (4) Both produce waves having the same
(3) 1.761 cm velocity
(4) 4.525 cm

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16) In the interference pattern, energy is 20) In Young's double slit experiment how many
(1) Created at the position of maxima maximas can be obtained on a screen

(2) Destroyed at the position of minima (including the central maximum) on both
0

(3) Conserved but is redistributed sides of the central fringe if λ = 2000 A and
0
(4) None of the above
d = 7000 A

17) The ratio of intensities of two coherent source (1) 12

is 9:4, interfering with each other. Find the (2) 7
contrast ratio of the interference pattern.
(3) 18
(1) 3:2 (4) 4
(2) 5:1

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21) A flake of glass (refractive index 1.5) is
(3) 25:1
placed over one of the openings of a double
(4) 81:16
slit apparatus. The interference pattern

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18) Four light waves are represented by displaces itself through seven successive
(i) y = a1 sin ωt maxima towards the side where the flake is
(ii) y = a2 sin(ωt + ϕ) placed. if wavelength of the diffracted light is
(iii) y = a1 sin 2ωt λ = 600nm , then the thickness of the flake
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(iv) y = a2 sin 2(ωt + ϕ) is
Sustained interference fringes may be (1) 2100 nm
observed due to superposition of: (2) 4200 nm
(1) (i) and (ii) (3) 8400 nm
(2) (i) and (iii) (4) None of these
EA

(3) (ii) and (iii)

22) In a Young's double slit experiment, the slits
(4) (ii) and (iv)
are 2 mm apart and are illuminated with a
19) Soap bubble appears coloured due to the mixture of two wavelength λ0 = 750nm and
phenomenon of λ = 900nm . The minimum distance from
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(1) Interference the common central bright fringe on a screen

2m from the slits where a bright fringe from
(2) Diffraction
one interference pattern coincides with a
(3) Dispersion
bright fringe from the other is
(4) Reflection
(1) 1.5 mm
(2) 3 mm
(3) 4.5 mm
(4) 6 mm

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23) In an experiment to demonstrate interference 26) In Young's double-slit experiment, two narrow
of light using Young's slits, separation of two slits 0.8 mm apart are illuminated by the
slits is doubled. In order to maintain the same same source of yellow light of wavelength
spacing of fringes, distance D of the screen 5893 Å. If the distance between slits and
from slits must be changed to: screen is 2 m, the separation between
(1) D adjacent bright lines will be:

(2)
D
(1) 1.473 mm
2

(3) 2D (2) 14.73 cm

(4) 3D
(3) 14.73 mm
4

(4) 147.3 mm
24) In Young's double-slit experiment, 12 fringes

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are obtained to be formed in a certain 27) In Young's double-slit experiment the light
segment of the screen when light of emitted from the source has wavelength λ =
6500 Å and the distance between the two

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wavelength 6000 Å is used. If the wavelength
of light is changed to 4000 Å, the number of slits is 1 mm. Distance between the screen
fringes observed in the same segment of the and slit is 1 m. Distance between third dark
screen is given by: and fifth bright fringe will be:
(1) 18 (1) 3.2 mm
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(2) 24 (2) 1.625 mm
(3) 30 (3) 0.585 mm
(4) 36 (4) 2.31 mm

25) Two slits S1illuminated by a white 28) On introducing a thin mica sheet of thickness
and S2
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m and refractive index 1.5 in the

−6
light source give a white central maxima. A 10 × 10

transparent sheet of refractive index 1.25 and path of one of the waves, central bright
thickness t1 is placed in front of S1 . Another maxima shifts by n fringes. The wavelength
transparent sheet of refractive index 1.50 and of the wave used is 5000 Å. Find n.
thickness is placed in front of . If central (1) 1
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t2 S2

maxima is not effected, then the ratio of the (2) 2

thickness of the two sheets will be
(3) 5
(1) 1 : 2
(4) 10
(2) 2 : 1
(3) 1 : 4
(4) 4 : 1

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29) If one of the slits of a standard Young's 32) Young's double-slit experiment is first
double slit experiment is covered by a thin performed in air and then in a medium other
parallel sided glass slab so that it transmits than air. It is found that the 8th bright fringe in
only one half the light intensity of the other, the medium lies where the 5th dark fringe lies
then : in air. The refractive index of the medium is
(A) The fringe pattern will get shifted towards nearly
the covered slit (1) 1.59
(B) The fringe pattern will get shifted away (2) 1.69
from the covered slit
(3) 1.78
(C) The bright fringes will become less bright
(4) 1.25
and the dark ones will becomes more bright

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(D) The fringe width will remain unchanged 33) If the two slits in Young's double slit
(1) A experiment are of unequal width, then

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(2) B (1) The bright fringes will have unequal
spacing
(3) C
(4) A,C,D (2) The bright fringes will have unequal
brightness
30) In YDSE setup when white light is used then
(3) The fringe do not appear
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which of the following statements are correct
(4) The dark fringes are not perfectly dark
for the interference pattern obtained.
(A) The fringe next to the central maxima will 34) In Young's double-slit experiment, the
be Reddish white amplitudes of two sources are 3a and a. The
(B) Central maxima will be white in colour ratio of intensities of bright and dark fringes
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(C) The fringe next to the central maxima will will be

be Bluish white (1) 3 : 1
(D) There will be no fringe which is perfectly (2) 4 : 1
dark
(3) 2 : 1
(1) A
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(4) 9 : 1
(2) B, C, D
35) In Young's double-slit experiment, the
(3) C
intensity of light at a point on the screen
(4) D
where the path difference is λ is K, (λ being
31) In the young's double slit experiment, for the wavelength of light used). The intensity at
which colour the fringe width is least a point where the path difference is λ/4 will
(1) Red be

(2) Yellow (1) K/4

(3) Green (2) K/2

(4) Blue (3) Zero

(4) K

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36) The maximum intensity in Young’s double – 39) In a Young's double-slit experiment λ = 500
slit experiment is I0 . Distance between the nm, d = 1 mm and D= 1 m. Find the minimum
slits is d = 5 λ , where λ is the wavelength of distance from the central maximum for which
monochromatic light used in the experiment. the intensity is half of the maximum intensity?
What will be the intensity of light in front of (1) 125 µm
one of the slits on a screen at a distance D = (2) 62.5 µm
10 d?
(3) 250 µm
(1)
I0

2 (4) 500 µm
(2) I0

I0
40) Assertion : In Young's double slit experiment
(3) 4
interference pattern disappear when one of

D
(4)
3
I0
4 the slits is closed
37) Which of the following is true? Reason : Interference occur due to
superimposition of light waves from two

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(1) In case of point source of light, intensity
coherent sources
is inversely proportional to distance of
point of observation from source (1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
the reason is the correct explanation of
(2) Resolving power of optical instruments is
the assertion
independent of wavelength of light
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(2) Both assertion and reason are true but
(3) shape of fringe in YDSE is hyperbola if
reason is not the correct explanation of
screens are parallel
the assertion
(4) Resultant intensity due to 'n' identical
(3) Assertion is true but reason is false
incoherent waves each having intensity
(4) Both assertion and reason are false
EA

I0 is n2 I0

38) Two coherent narrow slits emitting light of 41) Which of the following conditions are required
wavelength λ in the same phase are placed to get good interference pattern
parallel to each other at a small separation of A) Source must be coherent
B) Separation between slits as small as
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3λ. The light is collected on a screen S which

is placed at a distance D (>> λ) from the possible
slit. The smallest distance 'X' such that the 'p' C) Separation between screen and slits
is maxima is screen must be large as possible
D) Slits must be narrow
(1) only B,C
(2) only B,C,D
(3) only A,C,D
(4) All
(1) √3 D

(2) √8 D

(3) √5 D

(4) √5
D
2

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42) In Young's double-slit experiment, the fringe 45) A single slit of width d is illuminated by violet
width is found to be 0.4 mm. If the whole light of wavelength 4000 Å and the width of
apparatus is immersed in water of refractive the central maxima is measured as y. When
index 4/3 without disturbing the geometrical half of the slit width is covered and
arrangement, the new fringe width will be: illuminated by yellow light of wavelength
(1) 0.30 mm 6000 Å, the width of the central maxima is:

(2) 0.40 mm (1) The pattern vanishes

(3) 0.53 mm (2) y/3

(4) 450 μm (3) 3y

(4) None of the above
43) White light is used to illuminate two slits in a

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Young’s double-slit experiment. The 46) The tip of a needle does not give a sharp
separation between the slits is b and the image on a screen. This is due to
screen is at a distance d(>>b) from the slits

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(1) polarisation
.At a point on the screen directly in front of (2) interference
one of the slits, certain wavelengths are
(3) diffraction
missing. Some of these missing wavelengths
(4) None of these
are
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b2 b2 47) The ratio of resolving powers of an optical
(i) λ = (ii) λ =
d d microscope for two wavelengths λ1 = 4000 Å
and λ2 = 6000 Å is
b2 2b2
(iii) λ = (iv) λ =
3d 3d (1) 9 : 4

(1) (i), (ii) (2) 3 : 2

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(2) (ii), (iii) (3) 16 : 81

(3) (i), (iii) (4) 8 : 27

(4) (ii),(iv) 48) In a diffraction pattern due to a single slit of

width 'a' the first minimum is observed at an
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44) In Young’s double-slit experiment, the slit ∘

separation is 0.5 m from the slits. For a angle 30° when light of wavelength 5000 A is
monochromatic light of wavelength 500 nm, incident on the slit. The first secondary
the distance of 3rd maxima from 2nd minima maximum is observed at an angle of
on the other side is: (1) sin
−1
(
3
)
4

(1) 2.75 mm (2) sin

−1
(
1
)
4

(2) 2.5 mm (3) sin

−1
(
2
)
3

(3) 22.5 mm (4) sin

−1
(
3
)
2

(4) 2.25 mm

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49) In a microscope, the numerical aperture of oil 53) Diffraction effects are easier to notice in the
immersion objective is 0.305 and wavelength case of sound waves than in the case of light
of light coming from two closer and nearer waves because:
objects is 5000 Å. Find resolving power of the (1) Sound waves are longitudinal
microscope. (2) Sound is perceived by the ear
(1)
5 −1
10 m
(3) Sound waves are mechanical waves
(2)
−5 −1
10 m
(4) Sound waves are of longer wavelength
(3) 10
6
m
−1

54) Unpolarized light of intensity 32 Wm−2

(4) 10
−6
m
−1

passes through a polarizer and analyser

50) Conditions of diffraction is which are at an angle 30° wrt to each other.

D
(1) a The intensity of light coming from the
= 1
λ
analyzer is:
a
(2)

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>> 1 (1) 16√3 W m
−2

(3) a (2) 12 Wm
−2

<< 1
λ
(3) 16 Wm
−2

(4) None of these

(4) None
51) In the Fraunhofer diffraction experiment, L is
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55) The critical angle of a certain transperent
the distance between the screen and the
medium is sin . The polarizing angle of
−1 3
( )
5
obstacle, b is the size of obstacle and λ is the
the transperent medium is (assume
wavelength of the incident light. The general
unploarized light passes from air to
condition for the applicability of Fraunhofer
transperent medium)
diffraction is:
EA

(1) −1 4
2
tan ( )
(1) b 3
>> 1
3
Lλ
2
(2) tan
−1
(
4
)
(2) b
= 1
(3)
Lλ −1 5
tan ( )
2 3
(3) b
<< 1
Lλ
(4) tan
−1
(
4
)
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2 5
(4) b
≠ 1
Lλ
56) Which of the following cannot be polarized ?
52) A slit of size 0.15 cm is placed at 2.1 m from
(1) Ultraviolet rays
a screen. On illuminated it by a light of
(2) Ultrasonic waves
wavelength 5 × 10
−5
cm. The width of
(3) X-rays
central maxima will be
(4) Radio waves
(1) 70 mm
(2) 0.14 mm
(3) 1.4 mm
(4) 0.14 cm

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57) The axes of the polarizer and analyzer are 60) Two polarizers are oriented such that
inclined to each other at 45°. If the amplitude transmission axes make an angle of 60° with
of the unpolarized light incident on the each other. The percentage of incident
polarizer is A, then the amplitude of the light unpolarized light that passes through the
transmitted through the analyzer is system is:
(1) A/2 (1) 50%
(2) A/√2 (2) 100%
(3) √3A/2 (3) 12.5%
(4) 3A/4 (4) 37.5%

58) Two Polaroids P1 and P2 are placed with 61) Polaroid sunglasses are preferred because

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their axis perpendicular to each other. they:
Unpolarized light I0 is incident on P1 . A third (1) Reduce the intensity of light
polaroid is kept in between and

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P3 P1 P2
(2) Have soothing colours
such that its axis makes an angle 45° with
(3) Are cheaper
that of P1 . The intensity of transmitted light
(4) Can change colours
through P2 is
(1)
I0
62) The angle of polarisation for any medium is
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2

60°. What will be the critical angle for this?

(2)
I0

4
(1) sin
−1
(√3)
(3) I0

(4)
I0
(2) tan
−1
(√3)
16

59) A beam of natural light of intensity I0 falls on (3) cos

−1
(√3)
EA

a system of 5 polaroids, which are arranged

(4) −1
1
in succession such that the pass axis of each sin ( )
√3
polaroid is turned through 60° wrt the
preceding one. The fraction of the incident 63) A ray of light is incident on the surface of a
glass plate at an angle of incidence equal to
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light intensity that passes through the system

is: Brewster's angle Φ. If µ represents the
refractive index of glass with respect to air,
(1) 1

64
the angle between reflected and refracted
(2)
1

32
rays is:
(3)
1

512
(1) 90 + ϕ

(4)
1

(2)
−1
128
sin (μ cos ϕ)

(3) 90°
(4) 90
o
− sin
−1
(sin ϕ/μ)

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64) Refractive index of a material is equal to the 66) For the study of the helical structure of
tangent of the polarizing angle. It is called: nucleic acids, the property of electromagnetic
(1) Brewster’s law radiation generally used is

(2) Lambert’s law (1) Reflection

(3) Malus’s law (2) Interference

(4) Bragg’s law (3) Diffraction

(4) Polarization
65) When the angle of incidence on a material is
60°, the reflected light is completely 67) The Brewsters angle ib for an interface
polarized. The velocity of the refracted ray should be
inside the material is: (in m/s) (1) 0
0
< ib < 30
0

D
(1)
8
(2)
0 0
3 × 10 30 < ib < 45

(2) 3 8 (3) 45
0
< ib < 90
0

( ) × 10

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√2
(4) ib = 90
0

(3)
8
√3 × 10

(4) 0.5 × 10
8
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EA
ID

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