Exemplar Class 8 Science Chapter 16 Light

Question 10
Boojho while waving his hand very fast in front of his eyes, observes that his fingers appear blurred.
What could be the reason for it?
Answer.
The impression of an image persists for about 1/16th of a second on the retina. This is known as
persistence of vision. If still images of a moving object are flashed on the eye at a rate faster than 16
per second, then the eye perceives this object as moving.
So, in case by waving hand very fast in front of eyes, the rate of movement of hand becomes very
large (much faster than 16 per second), therefore, the fingers appear blurred.

Question 11
How many times is a ray of light reflected by two plane mirrors placed parallel and facing each other?
Answer.
The ray is reflected infinite number of times between the two plane mirrors placed parallel to each
other.

Question 12
The angle between incident ray and reflected ray is 60°. What is the value of angle of incidence?
Given that, angle of incidence + angle of reflection = 60°.
Answer.
Since, angle of incidence = angle of reflection. So, angle of incidence = 30°

Question 13
The distance between the object and its image formed by a plane mirror appears to be 24 cm. What
is the distance between the mirror and the object?
Answer.
In case of plane mirror, the image formed is at the same distance behind the mirror as the object
infront of it.
i.e. object distance from the mirror = image distance from the mirror.

So, distance between the mirror and the object = 12 cm

Question 14
What happens to light when it gets dispersed? Give an example.
Answer.
Light is splitted into its constituent colours, when it gets dispersed, e.g. Rainbow formation is due to
the dispersion of white light after passing through water droplets.

Question 15
Draw figure showing the position of the plane mirror. Also, label the angle of incidence and angle of
reflection on it.

Answer.

Question 16
Look at the figure. Can the image of the child in it be obtained on a screen?

Answer.
The image of the child cannot be obtained on the screen because the image is not real. The images
formed by plane mirror are virtual, so these virtual images cannot be seen (or obtain) on the screen.

Question 17
Eyes of the nocturnal birds have large cornea and a large pupil. How does this structure help them?
Answer.
The size of the eyes of nocturnal bird is large. Eyes of the nocturnal birds having large cornea with a
wider pupil, can collect more ambient light which help them to see the objects even at night.

Question 18
What kind of lens is there in our eyes? Where does it form the image of an object?
Answer.
Convex lens is present in our eyes, which focuses light on the back of the eye, on a layer called
retina. So, it forms the image of an object at retina.

Question 19
Which part of the eye gets affected if someone is suffering from ‘ cataract? How is it treated?
Answer.
In people (particularly old aged) suffering from cataract, the eye lens becomes clouded. Cataract is
treated by replacing the opaque lens with a new artificial lens.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 20
Boojho planned an activity to observe an object A through pipes as shown in figure, so that he could
see objects which he could not directly see.

(a) How many mirrors should he use to see the objects?

(b) Indicate the positions of the mirrors in the figure.
(c) What must be the angle with respect to the incident light at which he should place the mirrors?
(d) Indicate the direction of rays in the figure.
(e) If any of the mirrors is removed, will he be able to see the objects?
Answer.
(a) He should use three plane mirrors to see the objects.
(b) Positions of the mirrors are as shown in the figure.

(c) Mirrors should be placed at an angle of 45° with respect to the incident light. So, that the rays can
move forward.
(d) Direction of rays is shown in the figure

Or
In place of Fig. (i) and Fig. (ii) we may also use this combine figure for answer of Q 20. (b) and (d).
(e) He will not be able to see the objects if any of the mirrors is removed, because he will not get the
reflected rays to move forward for further reflection to reach our eyes.

Question 21
There is a mistake in, each of the following ray diagrams given as
Fig. (a), (b), and (c). Make the necessary correction(s).

Answer.
The correct diagrams are as given below:

Question 22
Explain the process which enables us to perceive motion in a cartoon film.
Answer.
In a cartoon film, we see the projection of static pictures on the screen in a specific order. Generally,
the static pictures are made to move across the eye in a sequence at the rate of 24 pictures per
second (faster than 16 per second) giving us the perception of a moving picture. ‘

Question 23
How is the phenomenon of reflection used in making a kaleidoscope. What are the applications of a
kaleidoscope?
Answer.
Kaleidoscope is a cylinder with three mirrors containing loose, coloured objects such as beads or
pebbles and bits of glass. As the viewer looks into one end, light entering the other end, creates a
colourful pattern due to reflection.
It works on the principle of multiple reflection, where several mirrors are placed at an angle (usually
60°) to one another. Typically, these are three rectangular mirrors set at 60° to each other so that
they form an equilateral triangle.
The 60° angle creates seven duplicate images of the objects, 5 at 60° and 2 at 90°. As the tube is
rotated, the tumbling of the coloured objects present varying colours and patterns.
Its applications are given below:
(i) It is used for decoration purposes, toys, etc.
(ii)Kaleidoscope is also useful for designers and artists to get idea for new patterns to design
wallpapers, jwellery and fabrics.

Question 24
Figure shows the word REST written in two ways in front of a mirror.
Show how the word would appear in the mirror.
Answer.
In an image formed by a plane mirror, the left of the object appears on the right and the right appears
on the left, i.e. the image formed is laterally inverted, as shown below in the Fig. (A) and (B).

Question 25
Write down the names of parts of the eye in the blank spaces shown in the figure.

Answer.
The names of the parts of the eye as shown in the figure are:
[Link] muscle
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] nerve