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PSALM 59 (58)

You, faithful God, are my strength

59:1 For the choir director. "Do not destroy." A Psalm of David. Miktam. When Saul
He ordered to watch over his house to kill him.

Invocation and description of the danger

59:2 Deliver me from my enemies, my God; defend me from those who rise up against me.
they rise up against me;

59:3 deliver me from those who do evil and save me from men
bloodthirsty.

59:4 Look how they are watching me: the powerful are conspiring against
me; without rebellion or sin on my part, Lord,

59:5 without my fault, they prepare for the attack. Wake up, come to me
find and observe,

59:6 Lord of hosts, God of Israel: rise up to punish the

nations, do not have compassion for traitors. Pause

At evening they return, howling like dogs, and roam the city.

59:8 Look how they unleash their tongues, there are daggers in their lips,
And they say: "Who is going to hear us?"

Expression of trust in God

But you, Lord, laugh at them and mock all the pagans.
59:10 I look to you, my strength, for God is my fortress;

59:11 he will come to meet me with his grace and will show me defeat
of my enemies.

Imprecation against the enemies

59:12 Take away their lives, my God, and let my people not forget it: scatter them.
and bring them down with your power, you, Lord, who are our shield.

Each word they utter is a sin in their mouth; let it remain

trapped in their pride, by the blasphemies and lies they utter!

59:14 Exterminate them with your fury, exterminate them and let them exist no more: so
It will be known that God rules in Israel and to the ends of the earth.
Pause

They return at sunset, howling like dogs, and roam the city:

59:16 they roam in search of food; while they are not satisfied, they keep barking.

Thanksgiving promise
59:17 But I will sing of your power, and I will celebrate your love in the morning,
for you have been my strength and my refuge in danger.

59:18 I will sing to you, my strength, for you are my fortress, God of
mercy!

Commentary on Psalms 59
Taken from 'Exegetical-Devotional Commentary on the Whole Bible.'
Poetic Books - Psalms Volume-1. CLIE Publishing.

This psalm is of the same nature and has the same objective as the
six or seven preceding psalms; all of them are filled with complaints about
David about the ill will of his enemies and their cruelty
plans against him; they also contain the sentences and prophecies against
they, as well as the comfort and confidence I had in God as in his
God. The first is the language of nature and can be allowed; the
second, that of the prophetic spirit, with a view to Christ and to the enemies of
his kingdom, and therefore should not be taken as a precedent; the third is the
language of the grace of faith, and each of us should imitate it.
In this psalm:
I. Now pray to God to defend him and free him from his enemies (vv. 1-7).
II. Foresees and predicts the destruction of his enemies (vv. 8-17).

Verses 1-7
Saul sent a group of his guard to surround David's house, in order to
to grab hold of him and kill him (1 Sam. 19:11). It happened when they began to
he renewed his hostilities against David, who had recently escaped to
the harsh pains of Saul's javelin. These initial bursts of fury
Saul's evil spirits could not help but disturb David and instill terror in him.
and sadness, despite which he maintained his communion with God and his
a restoration of spirit, such that he was never out of shape to
to pray and praise God.
David prays to be delivered from the hands of his enemies (v. 1):
Deliver me from my enemies, oh my God. You are my God and you can
deliver me; you are my God, under whose protection I have placed myself; place me
a salvo (lit. put me high) from those who rise up against me
Deliver me! Save me!" Pray (v. 4): "Awake to come to my
meeting; that is, to help me. Take note of my case and
exercise your compassion and your power to free me.
similar the disciples turned to the Lord in the midst of the
storm, when they woke him and said: Master, save us,
that we perish. With the same effort we should pray ourselves
every day to be defended and delivered from our enemies
spiritual, of the temptations of Satan and of the corruption of
our heart, all of which wage war on our life
spiritual.
2. Plea to be delivered. Our God allows us to appeal to Him,
not to move him, but to move ourselves. Thus it
David is here.
a. Appeals to the bad character of his enemies (v. 2). They are workers of
iniquity and, therefore, not only your enemies, but also of
God; they are bloodthirsty and, therefore, not only their enemies, but also
of all humanity.
b. Appeals to the ill will they have against him and the imminent
danger that I was facing because of them (v. 3): They are stalking my
life, looking for an opportunity to harm me; they have
United, they have colluded against me. They hurry to put into action.
their plans (v. 4): "Without any crime of mine, they run and position themselves, with the greatest
 speed and fury, for my misfortune. » Particularly highlights the brutality
behavior of Saul's messengers (v. 6): "They return in the evening
(like the dogs in the East, at dusk, in search of
waste in the streets), to consummate their work of iniquity
in the darkness, and they babble with their mouths wide open (v. 7). » Here he leaves a
next to the comparison with dogs, and presents its enemies
bubbling with malicious words, deadly like swords, until
to break his bones (42:10), for they tend to stain his
reputation.
c. He appeals to his innocence, not in relation to God (for he never ceased to
to confess oneself guilty before Him), but concerning their enemies, for
I had never done them any harm: "Not for my fault nor sin
mine, oh Yahveh; you know it well" (v. 3). And again (v. 4): "Without
my crime." The innocence of the pious does not keep them safe from the
wickedness of the wicked. Even when our innocence does not us
he will keep us safe from problems and troubles, yes he will support us
He will greatly comfort in those troubles. If we are aware of
our innocence, we can appeal to God with humble confidence and
to ask him to uphold our cause against those who
they oppose us.
d. Appeals that their enemies are worldly and atheists, and boast about
to be able to conspire against David and to despise God (v. 7):
"For they say: Who hears it?" (certainly referring to God.)
10:11; 94:7).
He also entrusts himself, and entrusts his case, to the just judgment of
God (v. 5): "Have no mercy on any of the wicked
traitors. » And, to add more emphasis, he adds a Selah. Although he
he himself had transgressed, he was a repentant transgressor and not
he had stubbornly persisted in what he had done. That is why
could appeal to God in that way.

Verses 8-17
David is now encouraged regarding the threatening power of
his enemies, with the pious resolution to wait on God.
The v. 9-translator's note- in its first sentence offers a
sudden change of person, for it literally says: 'Your
Strength! I will wait for you! » The Authorized Version
English, which M. Henry uses, as well as the Jewish, translate: "A
because of its strength, I will wait for you.
It seems a bit forced. I think it's better to translate.
 literally, as I just did. To wait for God in
moments of danger and difficulty is a sample of
wisdom and good fulfillment of duty, for He is our
refuge (lit. our high tower). David hopes that God is
for him a merciful God of love (v. 10): "My God me
he will come out to meet with his mercy (Hebrew, chesed), this
yes, with the blessings of his goodness and the gifts of his
mercy, exceeding my expectation. » All favors
What God has in store, He has reserved for us.
and is willing to confer them to us. Here are several things that
David foresees and predicts regarding his enemies:
a. It is foretold that God will expose them to ridicule, for ridicule is
they had exposed themselves (v. 8): "They think that God does not
Oh (v. 7), but you, Yahweh, will laugh at them for their foolishness.
when thinking that he who planted the ear cannot hear, and you
you will mock all the nations that live without God in the
world." God will make of them a perpetual monument of His
justice (v. 11): "Do not kill them suddenly, so that my
people do not forget it. » Thus Cain, although he was a murderer, was not
dead, but sentenced to be a wandering fugitive. And
continue: "Disperse them with your power and bring them down, so that they do not
they meet again with the intention of doing evil, oh Lord
(Hebrew, Adonay, not Yahveh), our shield!
continuation, presents the charge against them (v. 12): "For the
sin of his mouth, by the word of his lips, and by the
curse and lie that they utter, may they be caught in their
insolence, that is, in his pride and self-sufficiency." Saul and
they thought they had the government in their hands
all things, but they must learn that there is One higher
that they and it is he who truly reigns in Jacob (v. 13b) and
even to the ends of the earth, for all the nations
fall within the territory of their kingdom. Their great sin was
who were hunting David to catch him; his
punishment will be reduced to an extreme poverty that
they will go like stray dogs in search of scraps with
those who satisfy their hunger.
b. It predicts that they will be forced to wander in search
of food (vv. 14, 15). "They will bark like dogs." When
they were looking for David, they also barked like a dog
furious that charges; but now they will bark like dogs
hungry ones that howl like wolves. Those who regret
 sincerely their sins moan like doves, but the
they harden their hearts and bark like dogs. And if not they
they spend (the whole) night (Hebrew, yalinu); they
implies, looking for something to eat; so that, if the
people throw them something to eat, it's not out of goodwill, but
to get rid of them. What makes an unhappy
Man is not poverty, but discontent.
David harbors hopes of praising God, that the
the providence of God will grant you material to praise Him, and
that the grace of God will produce in him a heart
willing to praise and gratitude (vv. 16, 17).
a. He wants to praise the power and mercy of God; both
would be the theme of their song. Power without mercy only
inflicts fear; mercy without power is a sentiment
unable to provide effective help; but the power with which it can
help us, and the compassion that wants to help us, will be
justly an object of eternal praise for all the saints.
David wants to praise you and thank you in advance, because
I had found in Him, more than once, my defense and my refuge in
days of hardship.
b. He wants to praise him in the morning, when he feels secure and
relieved after a night in which his enemies have
sought without hunting him down; and wants to praise him by singing out loud
(as the original suggests), like someone who is so
impressed by the power and mercy of God, and so
determined to glorify Him, who is not ashamed to do so aloud
loudly and in public, so that others also feel
stimulated to imitate him.