DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL BANGALORE – EAST
SOCIAL SCIENCE (ECONOMICS)
PEOPLE AS RESOURCE (NOTES)
NAME:___________ CLASS:IX SEC_______ DATE:_________
Answer the following questions: -
Q1. Distinguish between market and non-market activities with three points of distinction.
Market Activities Non-market Activities
(a) Market activities are those activities which (a) Non-market activities include things which
include the production and consumption of are not economic and comprises of exchange
goods. system.
(b) These activities are performed for pay or (b) These activities are performed for self-
profits. consumption.
(c) Example: A teacher teaching in a school and (c) Example: Subsistence farming and
a man working in a bank. processing of primary products.
Q2. “Unemployment leads to low income and low savings and hence low demand and low production. This
is the identification of a depressed economy.” Do you agree? Give three reasons.
Answer: Yes, I agree with this statement. Unemployment has negative effects on the economic
development of a country in the following ways:
1. It is a wastage of manpower resource. It increases the economic overload and the number of
dependent on population.
2. The quality of life of an individual as well as the society is adversely affected. There is a feeling of
hopelessness among the youth.
3. The time period lost in the unemployment is an irrecoverable loss. It is the loss of productive period
and the loss cannot be compensated.
Thus, increase in unemployment is an indicator of a depressed economy.
Q3. How are the children of educated parents are different from those of uneducated ones?
Children of Educated Parents Children of Uneducated Parents
(a) Children of educated parents are also (a) Children of uneducated parents are also
educated because their parents know the value uneducated because their parents do not know
of education. the value of education.
(b) They maintain high health and nutritional (b) They do not maintain high nutritional
standards. standards because of lack of awareness.
(c) They get better jobs because they are well (c) They are generally employed in household
educated works as their parents fail to realise the
importance of education.
(d) Educated parents are able to help their (d) Uneducated parents are not able to help their
children in their self-studies. children in their self-studies.
Q4. In what way is human capital superior to other sources like physical capital? How a large population is
turned into a productive asset? Explain.
Answer: Human capital is superior to other sources like physical capital as it can make use of other
sources like land and physical capital. Human capital can develop land and physical capital according
to his skill and education because they could not develop on their own.
A large population is turned into a productive asset by the following ways:
1. Proper investment in developing skills.
2. Emphasis on academic and vocational aspects of students.
3. Making available opportunities accessible to large section of people like technological know-how.
Q5. What different the strategies should be made by the government to solve the unemployment in India.
Answer:
The strategies made by the government to solve the problem of unemployment in India:
Heavy Investment in Basic Industries: Investment in heavy and basic industries and consumer
goods industries should be increased. They provide more employment along with the supply of
consumer goods.
Development of Cottage and Small-scale Industries: They provide more employment by adopting
labour intensive techniques.
Change in Educational System: More emphasis should be given to vocational education.
Checking of Population Explosion: Rapidly rising population should be checked by adopting
family planning and welfare schemes.
Modernisation of Agriculture: Modernisation of agriculture should be done. Waste lands should
be utilised.
Introduction of Rural Works Programmes: Rural works programmes should be increased.
Stress on Self-employment: Young entrepreneurs should be encouraged for sell-employment by
giving proper training and financial assistance.
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