CHRIST THE KING COLLEGE
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
9014 Gingoog City
Mozart Jello O. Olario
Bachelor of Science in Nursing IV
NCM 121: NURSING DISASTER
Task #1
1. What is Disaster?
It is an occurrence that creates a level of destruction, death, or injury that impairs the
community's ability to respond using available resources; or any harmful incident that
disrupts the normal functioning of the community.
2. Differentiate the following:
a. Natural vs. Technological
Natural disaster refers to hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, wildfires, tsunamis,
and floods are examples of natural disasters, as are extreme weather phenomena
such as blizzards, droughts, excessive heat, and wind storms. Displacement, stigma,
health disparities, loss of house and personal property, changes in schools,
economic difficulties, loss of community and social supports, and even the injury or
death of loved ones can result from these events. Technological disasters (such as
oil spills, industrial fires, nuclear and hazardous materials mishaps) can also raise
worries about toxic exposure, which can harm one's health and cause further
economic and ecological problems, with no guarantee of when exposure will end.
b. Internal vs. External Disaster
Internal disaster directly affects the institution and poses a risk to the employees
and patients, such as an in-house fire, a toxic chemical spill, or a natural disaster that
causes damage to the facility, such as a tornado, earthquake, or hurricane. An
external disaster occurs outside the facility and does not immediately harm the
employees, patients, or those inside the building(s).
3. Define the types of Disasters and give an example of each:
A. Natural Disaster
1. Geophysical - originating in solid earth. An example is an earthquake.
2. Meteorological - produced by extreme meteorological and atmospheric
conditions that endure from minutes to days. Extreme temperatures, fog, and
storms are a few examples.
3. Hydrological - induced by the occurrence, movement, and distribution of
freshwater and saltwater on the surface and subsurface. Flooding and
landslides are two examples.
4. Climatological - Long-lived, meso-scale to macro-scale atmospheric
processes ranging from intra-seasonal to multi-decadal climatic variability
produce this hazard. Drought and wildfire are two examples.
5. Biological - contact with live creatures and their poisonous substances (e.g.,
venom, mold) or vector-borne diseases. Venomous fauna and insects,
poisonous plants, and mosquitos carrying disease-causing agents such as
parasites, germs, or viruses are all examples (e.g. malaria).
B. Man-Made Disaster
1. Terrorism - the use of force or violence against people or property in violation
of criminal laws in order to intimidate, coerce, or demand a ransom. This
includes hijackings, hostage situations, kidnappings, mass killings, car
bombings, and, in many cases, suicide bombings.
2. Technological - occurs as a result of a technological structure malfunctioning
and/or some human fault in regulating or handling the technology. Industrial
pollution, nuclear radiation, toxic wastes, dam collapses, transportation
accidents, manufacturing explosions, fires, and chemical spills are some
examples.
4. Define the Onset, impact, and duration of a disaster.
Onset is the beginning of it, used especially to refer to something unpleasant.
Sudden onset - occurs with little or no warning and has immediate adverse
effects on the human population, activities, economic system and natural
environment. Examples of this type of disaster would be earthquakes and
hurricanes.
Slow onset - evolve gradually from incremental changes occurring over many
years or from an increased frequency or intensity of recurring events.
Impact is the total effect, including negative effects (e.g., economic losses) and positive
effects (e.g., economic gains), of a hazardous event or a disaster. The term includes
economic, human and environmental impacts, and may include death, injuries, disease
and other negative effects on human physical, mental and social well-being.
Duration may be thought of in multiple ways. First, it can refer to the length of the
disaster itself. It may be also the length of time people are affected by a disaster,
including the recovery period as physical damage is repaired and losses are adjusted to
emotionally. In the case of very large scope events that could take years, or could never
be fully.
5. What are Transitional human shelters?
Transitional Human Shelter is a ground-breaking method to disaster response, recovery,
and reconstruction shelter. People who have become homeless as a result of a disaster
or conflict need a place to stay while they restore their homes or locate alternative
housing.
6. Define the Basic Phases of Disaster Management
a. Preparedness - determines the facility's susceptibility to calamities. Weather
patterns, geographic regions, public event and gathering expectations, and the
facility's age, condition, and location are all factors to consider.
b. Mitigation - steps made to decrease the impact of a disaster in the event that one
occurs and can be termed prevention measures. Installing and maintaining backup
generators to lessen the consequences of a power outage, or cross training workers
to execute activities to sustain services during a staffing shortage caused by a
weather event, are two examples.
c. Response - happens in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. Organizations must
prioritize resolving immediate hazards to people, property, and business. The level of
readiness before a crisis strikes has a huge impact on occupant safety and well-
being.
d. Recovery - takes place after a disaster. This phase involves restoring an
organization after it has been impacted by a calamity. At this point, the organization
has attained some level of physical, environmental, economic, and social stability.
e. Evaluation - phase of disaster planning and response often receives the least
attention. Employees in the community are eager to resume normal operations
following a calamity. A formal evaluation is required to evaluate what went well and
what faults were discovered.
