Trigonometric Identities and Formulas
Basic Trigonometric Identities
1. Reciprocal identities:
- sin(x) = 1 / csc(x)
- cos(x) = 1 / sec(x)
- tan(x) = 1 / cot(x)
2. Quotient identities:
- tan(x) = sin(x) / cos(x)
- cot(x) = cos(x) / sin(x)
3. Pythagorean identities:
- sin^2(x) + cos^2(x) = 1
- 1 + tan^2(x) = sec^2(x)
- 1 + cot^2(x) = csc^2(x)
Angle Sum and Difference Formulas
1. sin(a +/- b) = sin(a)cos(b) +/- cos(a)sin(b)
2. cos(a +/- b) = cos(a)cos(b) -/+ sin(a)sin(b)
3. tan(a +/- b) = [tan(a) +/- tan(b)] / [1 -/+ tan(a)tan(b)]
Double Angle Formulas
1. sin(2x) = 2sin(x)cos(x)
2. cos(2x) = cos^2(x) - sin^2(x) = 2cos^2(x) - 1 = 1 - 2sin^2(x)
3. tan(2x) = 2tan(x) / (1 - tan^2(x))
Triple Angle Formulas
Trigonometric Identities and Formulas
1. sin(3x) = 3sin(x) - 4sin^3(x)
2. cos(3x) = 4cos^3(x) - 3cos(x)
3. tan(3x) = (3tan(x) - tan^3(x)) / (1 - 3tan^2(x))
Sum-to-Product Formulas
1. sin(A) + sin(B) = 2sin[(A + B)/2]cos[(A - B)/2]
2. sin(A) - sin(B) = 2cos[(A + B)/2]sin[(A - B)/2]
3. cos(A) + cos(B) = 2cos[(A + B)/2]cos[(A - B)/2]
4. cos(A) - cos(B) = -2sin[(A + B)/2]sin[(A - B)/2]
Product-to-Sum Formulas
1. sin(A)sin(B) = 0.5[cos(A - B) - cos(A + B)]
2. cos(A)cos(B) = 0.5[cos(A - B) + cos(A + B)]
3. sin(A)cos(B) = 0.5[sin(A + B) + sin(A - B)]
Half-Angle Formulas
1. sin^2(x/2) = (1 - cos(x)) / 2
2. cos^2(x/2) = (1 + cos(x)) / 2
3. tan(x/2) = sin(x) / (1 + cos(x)) = (1 - cos(x)) / sin(x)