Report on Capacitive and Inductive Reactance (C-L Reactance)
Prepared by:
Student(s) Name(s): [Insert Names]
Instructor: [Insert Name]
Date: [Insert Date]
1. Introduction:
In the study of electrical circuits, analyzing capacitive and inductive reactance is essential to
understand the circuit's response to frequency changes. During this experiment, the
relationship between frequency and its effect on:
1. The capacitive reactance of a capacitor.
2. The inductive reactance of an inductor.
This report aims to provide a detailed analysis of the measurements taken and to clarify the
theoretical relationship of each component.
2. Objective:
1. Measure the effect of frequency on capacitive reactance.
2. Measure the effect of frequency on inductive reactance.
3. Compare experimental results with theoretical values and analyze any discrepancies.
3. Equipment Used:
- Capacitor with a known capacitance (C).
- Inductor with a known inductance (L).
- Variable frequency power supply.
- Ammeter to measure current.
- Voltmeter to measure voltage.
- Connecting wires.
- Oscilloscope (optional).
4. Theoretical Background:
4.1 Capacitive Reactance (Xc):
Capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to frequency and is calculated using the
formula:
Xc = 1 / (2πfC)
Where:
- Xc: Capacitive reactance (Ohms).
- f: Frequency (Hz).
- C: Capacitance (Farads).
4.2 Inductive Reactance (XL):
Inductive reactance is directly proportional to frequency and is calculated using the
formula:
XL = 2πfL
Where:
- XL: Inductive reactance (Ohms).
- f: Frequency (Hz).
- L: Inductance (Henries).
4.3 Electrical Resonance:
When the capacitive reactance equals the inductive reactance (Xc = XL), electrical resonance
occurs, leading to the maximum current flow.
5. Procedure:
5.1 Measuring the Relationship between Capacitor and Frequency (Xc):
1. Connect the capacitor in a circuit with a variable frequency power supply.
2. Use an ammeter to measure the current and a voltmeter to measure the voltage across
the capacitor.
3. Gradually change the frequency and record the measured values for each frequency.
4. Calculate Xc using the theoretical formula.
5.2 Measuring the Relationship between Inductor and Frequency (XL):
1. Connect the inductor in a circuit with a variable frequency power supply.
2. Use an ammeter to measure the current and a voltmeter to measure the voltage across
the inductor.
3. Gradually change the frequency and record the measured values for each frequency.
4. Calculate XL using the theoretical formula.
6. Data and Results:
6.1 Theoretical Data:
- Capacitance: C = [Insert Value] Farads.
- Inductance: L = [Insert Value] Henries.
A. Measuring the Relationship between Capacitor and Frequency (Xc):
Frequency (Hz) Voltage (V) Current (A) Capacitive
Reactance (Xc) (Ω)
B. Measuring the Relationship between Inductor and Frequency (XL):
Frequency (Hz) Voltage (V) Current (A) Inductive Reactance
(XL) (Ω)
7. Discussion:
7.1 Relationship between Capacitor and Frequency (Xc):
According to the theoretical relationship, Xc decreases as frequency increases.
Practical values may slightly differ due to factors such as wire resistance or device accuracy.
7.2 Relationship between Inductor and Frequency (XL):
XL increases proportionally with frequency, which aligns with the theoretical relationship.
Any deviations from theoretical values may be attributed to measurement errors or
external influences.
7.3 General Notes:
Analyze the results and compare them for the capacitor and inductor.
Highlight practical applications of these properties in systems such as electrical filters or
resonant circuits.
8. Conclusion:
1. The inverse relationship between frequency and capacitive reactance was verified.
2. The direct relationship between frequency and inductive reactance was confirmed.
3. The experiment demonstrated the importance of understanding the effect of frequency
on component characteristics to improve circuit design.
9. References:
- University lectures.
- Basic Electronics textbook.
- Instructor-provided materials.
10. Attachments:
- Photos of the circuit during implementation (if available).
- Graphs showing the relationship between frequency and reactance.
