JSS1 BASIC SCIENCE LESSON PLAN – FIRST TERM
Week: 1
Date: (to be filled by teacher)
Class: JSS 1
Subject: Basic Science
Topic: Living and Non-Living Things – I
Sub-topic: Matter and Its States
Period: 1
Duration: 40 minutes/period
Context: Mixed
Differentiated Learning and Teaching Objectives
By the end of the lesson:
All will:
i. Understand the meaning of matter.
ii. Be able to mention examples of matter in their environment.
iii. Identify the three main states of matter.
Most will:
i. Describe the properties of matter.
ii. Explain the differences between solids, liquids, and gases.
iii. Give real-life examples of matter in each state.
Some will:
i. Explain change of state with examples.
ii. Differentiate between evaporation, boiling, condensation, and melting.
iii. Relate the concept of matter to everyday experiences.
Keywords
Matter, States of Matter, Solid, Liquid, Gas, Evaporation, Condensation, Melting, Boiling,
Change of State
References
Basic Science Textbook for JSS1 (Any standard Nigerian edition)
Teacher’s prepared notes
Previous Knowledge
• Learners have observed objects around them and may know the difference between living
and non-living things.
• They have seen common materials such as water, air, and stones.
Instructional Materials / Teaching Aids
• Chart showing states of matter
• Ice cubes, water in a bottle, and a kettle (to demonstrate change of state)
• Whiteboard and markers
Content
Definition of Matter
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
- Examples: stone, sand, water, biro, air, etc.
- All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.
Properties of Matter
1. Matter occupies space.
2. Matter has mass.
3. Matter is made up of particles.
4. Matter exists as solid, liquid, or gas.
Classification of Matter
1. Living Matter: Things that have life in them (e.g. goat, man, lion, plant).
2. Non-Living Matter: Things that do not have life (e.g. stone, chair, water, book).
States of Matter
1. Solid State: Particles are held in fixed positions, arranged regularly, with definite shape
(e.g. wood, stone, nails).
2. Liquid State: Particles are not fixed, can move about, and take the shape of the container
(e.g. water, petrol, oil).
3. Gaseous State: Particles are far apart, move freely at high speed, and can be compressed
(e.g. air, oxygen, nitrogen).
Change of State
- Evaporation: Liquid → Gas at any temperature.
- Condensation: Gas → Liquid.
- Boiling: Rapid vaporization of liquid at its boiling point (e.g. water boils at 100°C).
- Melting: Solid → Liquid at melting point.
Strategy / Presentation
1. Teacher introduces the lesson by asking students to name objects around them and
classify them as living or non-living.
2. Teacher defines matter and explains its properties.
3. Teacher demonstrates the states of matter with examples (ice, water, steam).
4. Teacher explains change of state with real-life demonstrations (e.g. melting ice).
5. Students are engaged in discussions, classifying items into solid, liquid, and gas.
6. Lesson is summarized with key points.
Evaluation
Students Below Average:
i. Define matter in simple words.
ii. Mention the three states of matter.
iii. Give two examples each of solid, liquid, and gas.
Average Students:
i. State two properties of matter.
ii. Differentiate between solid, liquid, and gas.
iii. Explain what happens when ice is heated.
Students Above Average:
i. Explain evaporation, condensation, boiling, and melting.
ii. Relate the importance of change of state to everyday life (e.g. drying clothes, boiling
water).
Classwork
1. What is matter?
2. How many states of matter do we have? Mention them.
3. Give three examples each of solids, liquids, and gases.
Assignment
Section A
1. The change of state from a solid to liquid is called: (a) evaporation (b) freezing (c) melting
(d) sublimation
2. In which state of matter do the particles move freely? (a) solid (b) liquid (c) gas (d)
molecules
3. The change of state from liquid to gas is called: (a) evaporation (b) freezing (c) melting
(d) sublimation
4. Which of the following best describes the three states of matter?
(a) kerosene, steam, and palm oil
(b) petrol, water, and stone
(c) steam, water, and palm oil
(d) water, palm oil, and stone
5. The tiny particles that make up matter are called: (a) stones (b) pebbles (c) atoms (d)
solid
Section B
1. Define the following terms:
a. Evaporation
b. Freezing
c. Melting
