MAJOR 15- PROCESS OF TEACHING PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND HEALTH

LESSON 2- Nature and Scope of Methods and Lesson Planning in Teaching Physical
Education and Health
Nature
 PE and Health teaching is experiential and active, focusing on skills, knowledge,
attitudes, and values that promote lifelong fitness, wellness, and safety.
 Methods must cater to diverse learners and ensure participation, practice, and
performance in both physical and health concepts.
 Learning takes place through movement, demonstration, interaction, and reflection.
Scope
 Covers physical fitness, motor skills, games, sports, dance, recreation, first aid,
safety, nutrition, and health education.

Teaching methods include:

 Lecture/Discussion – for health concepts and theories.
 Demonstration/Performance Method – for skills and exercises.
 Cooperative/Peer Teaching – team games, group activities.
 Problem-Solving/Inquiry Method – strategy-based games, health issues.
 Integration Method – linking PE and Health with other subjects (e.g., Math, Science).
 Technology-based Methods – using videos, fitness apps, simulations.

Instructional materials support the delivery of content and enhance learning.

 Visual Aids: charts, posters of body systems, fitness pyramids, nutrition plates.
 Audio-Visual: videos, documentaries, recorded demonstrations.
 Equipment and Apparatus: balls, mats, cones, skipping ropes, first-aid kits.
 Technology Tools: PowerPoint, online fitness trackers, apps for heart rate
monitoring.
 Print Materials: modules, worksheets, activity guides.
 Real/Model Objects: skeleton models, food replicas, first aid kits.

LESSON PLANNING
A lesson plan is a teacher’s roadmap for delivering instruction effectively. It should
align with curriculum standards, learning competencies, and students’ needs.

Importance of Lesson Planning:

 Ensures organized instruction.
 Guides teachers to meet objectives.
 Maximizes time management.
 Provides for assessment and reflection.

General Parts of a Lesson Plan

I. Learning Objectives
 What the learners are expected to achieve by the end of the lesson.
 Should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound).
Example: “At the end of the lesson, students will be able to demonstrate proper
stretching techniques.”
 II. Subject Matter / Content
 The topic, concept, or skill being taught.
 Includes references (textbook, module, resources).
III. Learning Resources / Materials
 Instructional materials, teaching aids, equipment, and technology used in class.
IV. Procedure (Body of the Lesson)

 Step-by-step guide to the teaching and learning process.

 Can be structured using different models (like 4A’s, 5E’s, etc.).
V. Assessment / Evaluation
 Activities or questions to check if learning objectives are achieved.
 May be written, oral, or performance-based.
VI. Assignment / Enrichment
 Tasks to extend learning beyond class (homework, project, practice drills).
VII. Reflection (for the teacher)
 Notes on what went well, what needs improvement, and how students performed.

Procedure Using the 4A’s Approach

If you’re following the 4A’s Lesson Plan (Activity, Analysis, Abstraction, Application),
the Procedure part is divided as follows:
 Activity (Motivation / Engagement)
Motivation or initial activity to catch interest.
Warm-up, video clip, game, short activity.
Start with a short physical warm-up or 2-minute jog.
Show a video clip of people exercising in different ways.
 Analysis (Discussion / Processing)
Discussion of what happened in the activity.
Students share observations, answers questions, process experiences.
Ask guiding questions:
 How do you feel after the activity?
 What changes did you notice in your body?
Facilitate group discussion on the effects of exercise (breathing, heart rate, mood).
 Abstraction (Generalization / Concept Building)
Generalization and key lesson concept.
Teacher explains, clarifies, or summarizes the main point.
Summarize the lesson: “Exercise improves cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles,
reduces stress, and enhances overall well-being.”
Present visuals or key points via PPT or chart.
 Application (Practice / Transfer of Learning)
Learners apply knowledge or skill in new situations.
Could be an exercise routine, practice game, role-play, or health plan.
Students create a 1-week simple exercise plan for themselves.
Perform a short cool-down exercise.

Classroom Management in PE and Health

Effective classroom management ensures a safe, organized, and engaging learning
environment, especially important in active and movement-based classes.
1. Establish Rules and Routines
 Examples: “Respect others’ space,” “Safety first,” “Follow instructions.”
 Practice signals (whistle, hand clap, countdown).
2. Time Management
 Maximize activity time, minimize waiting/idle time.
 Organize equipment before class.
3. Group Organization
 Use squads, partners, or rotating stations to keep students active.
4. Positive Discipline
 Reinforce good behavior through praise or recognition.
 Redirect misbehavior constructively rather than punish harshly.
5. Safety Management
 Ensure equipment is safe.
 Supervise all activities closely.
 Modify activities for different skill levels.
6. Engagement and Motivation
 Vary activities to prevent boredom.
 Use games, challenges, and peer collaboration.