GRADE : XII- MATHEMATICS – WORKSHEET

CHAPTER: 6 – APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1. A spherical ball of salt is dissolving in water in such a way that the rate of decrease of volume at any
instant is proportional to the surface area. Prove that the radius is decreasing at a constant rate.

2. A kite is moving horizontally at a height of 151.5 meters. If the speed of the kite is 10m/s, how fast is
the string being let out, when the kite is 250m away from the boy who is flying the kite? The height of the
boy is 1.5m

3. Two men A and B starts with velocities v at the same time from the junction of two roads inclined at
450 to each other. If they travel by each roads, find the rate at which they are separated.

4. If the area of a circle increases at a uniform rate, prove that the perimeter increases inversely as the
radius.
1 1
5. A man 2m tall, walks at the rate of 2 m towards a street light which is 5 m above the ground. At
3 3
what rate is the tip of his shadow moving? At what rate is the length of his shadow changing when he is
1
3 3 m from the base of the light.

6. A swimming is to be drained for cleaning. If L represents the number of liters of water in the pool t
seconds after the pool has been plugged off to drain and L = 200 (10 − 𝑡)2 . How fast is the water running
out at the end of 5 seconds? What is the average rate at which the water flows out during the first 5
seconds?

7. The volume of a cube increases at a uniform rate. Prove that the increase in surface area varies
inversely as the length of the side.

8. x and y are the sides of two squares such that y = x – x2. Find the rate of change of area of the second
square to that of the first square.

9. Two sides of an isosceles triangle with fixed base b are decreasing at the rate of 3cm/sec. How fast is
the area decreasing when the two sides are equal to the base?

10. From a cylindrical drum containing petrol and kept vertical , the petrol is leaking at the rate of
10cm3/sec. If the radius of the drum is 25cm and height is 1m , find the rate at which the level of the
petrol is changing when the petrol level is 80cm.
π
11. Water is dripping out from a conical funnel of semi-vertical angle 4 at the uniform rate of 2 cm2 /sec
in the surface area, through a tiny hole at the vertex of the bottom. When the slant height of cone is 4 cm,
find the rate of decrease of the slant height of water.
−𝜋 𝜋
12. Prove that the function f (x) = tan x – 4x is strictly decreasing on ( 3
, 3 ).
13. Find all the points of local maxima and local minima of the function
−3 45
f (x) = 4
𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 3 − 2
𝑥 2 + 105.

14. Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x) = sec x + log cos2x, 0 < x < 2π

15. Show that f (x) = 2x + cot–1x + log (√1 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑥) is increasing in R.

1
16. Find the maximum value of the function 𝑓 (𝑥) = 4𝑥 2+2𝑥+1; x∈ 𝑅.

17. An open tank with a square base and vertical sides is to be constructed from a metal sheet so as to
hold a given quantity of water. Show that the cost of material will be least when depth of the tank is half
of its width. If the cost is to be borne by nearby settled lower income families, for whom water will be
provided, what kind of value is hidden in this question?

18. A wire of length 34 m is to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is to be made into a square and
the other into a rectangle whose length is twice its breadth. What should be the lengths of the two pieces,
so that the combined area of the square and the rectangle is minimum ?

19. Show that the height of the right circular cylinder of greatest volume which can be inscribed in a right
circular cone of height h and radius r is one-third of the height of the cone, and the greatest volume of the
4
cylinder is 9 times the volume of the cone.

20. Find the minimum value of 4𝑒 2𝑥 + 9𝑒 −2𝑥 .

1 𝑥
21. Find maximum value of (𝑥 ) .

22.Find the maximum slope of the curve 𝑦 2 = −𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 − 27

23. Find the minimum value of (ax + by), where xy=𝑥 2 .

24. Check whether the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥, has any critical point/s or not? If

yes, then find the point/s.

25. Find the dimensions of the rectangle of perimeter 36 cm which will sweep out a volume as large as

possible, when revolved about one of its side. Also, find the maximum volume.

CASE BASED QUESTIONS

26. A rectangular visiting card is to contain 24 sq. cm of printed matter. The margins at the top and
bottom of the card are to be 1 cm and the margins on the left and right are to be 121 cm as shown below:
 On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions

(i) Write the expression for the area of the visiting card in terms of x.

(ii) Obtain the dimensions of the card of minimum area.

27. A store has been selling calculators at Rs 350 each. A market survey indicates that a reduction in price
(p) of calculator increases the number of units(x) sold. The relation between the price and quantity sold is
𝑥
given by the demand function p = 450 − 2 .

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

(i) Determine the number of units (x) that should be sold to maximise the revenue R(x) = xp(x). Also,
verify result. (2)

(ii) What rebate in price of calculator should the store give to maximise the revenue ? (2)

28. In a residential society comprising of 100 houses, there were children between the ages of 10-15 years
They were inspired by their teachers to start composting to ensure that biodegradable waste is recycled.
For this purpose, instead of each child doing it for only his/her house, children convinced the Residents
welfare association to do it as a society initiative. For thus they identified a square area in the local park
Local authorities charged amount of ₹ 50 per square metre for space so that there is no misuse of the
space and Resident welfare association takes it seriously. Association hired a labourer for digging out
250 𝑚 3 and he charged ₹ 400(𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ)2 Association will like to have minimum cost.

Based on this information, answer all of the following questions.

(i).Let side of square plot is x m and its depth is h meters’, then find cost for the pit

𝑑𝐶
(ii) Find value of h ( in m) for which 𝑑ℎ = 0. (iii) Find the value x (in m) of minimum cost .
29. Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by all the pistons of a piston engine.
The piston moves inside the cylinder bore.

The cylinder bore in the form circular cylinder open at the top is to be made from a metal sheet of area 75
π cm².

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

(i) If the circular cylinder is ‘r’ cm and height is ‘h’ cm, then write the volume V of the cylinder in term of
radius ‘r’.

dV
(ii) Find dt
.

(iii) (a) Find radius of cylinder when its volume is maximum.

OR

(b) For maximum volume, h > r . State true or false and justify.

30. Mr Shashi, who is an architect, designs a building for a small company. The design of window on the
ground floor is proposed to be different than other floors. The window is in the shape of a rectangle which
is surmounted by a semi-circular opening. This window is having a perimeter of 10 m as shown below :

Based on the above information answer the following :

(i) If 2x and 2y represents the length and breadth of the rectangular portion of the windows, then
the relation between the variables is
(ii) The combined area (A) of the rectangular region and semi-circular region of the window
expressed as a function of x is

(iii) The maximum value of area of the whole window, A is

 (iv) The owner of this small company is interested in maximizing the area of the whole window
so that maximum light input is possible. For this to happen, the length of rectangular portion of the
window should be

(v) In order to get the maximum light input through the whole window, the area

(in sq. m) of the only semi-circular opening of the window is

31. Mahima and Shreya are thinking to arrange two vertical poles AP and BQ in their school field as
shown in the figure given below

Using the information given above, answer the following :

(i) The value of 𝑅𝑃 2 + 𝑅𝑄2 in terms of ‘x’ is

(ii) What is the derivative of 𝑓 (𝑥), if 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑅𝑃 2 + 𝑅𝑄2 ?

(iii) What is the distance to be covered from A to R such that the function 𝑓 (𝑥), as defined in (ii)
will be minimum?

(iv) What should be the distance 𝐴R, if 𝑅𝑃 2 = 𝑅𝑄2 ?

(v) Refer to (ii). What is the value of 𝑓 (𝑥), when 𝑥 = 1 𝑚 ?