2.

SOCIALISM IN EUROPE AND RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Which among the following groups was against any kind of political or social change?
(a) Nationalists (b) conservatives (c) liberals (d) radicals
2. The people who wanted to put an immediate end to the existing governments in Europe (In
1815) were called:
(a) Nationalists (b) liberals (c) revolutionaries (d) radicals
3. Which of the following factors made autocracy unpopular in Russia?
(a) The German origin of the Tsarina Alexandra (b) Poor advisors like the Monk Rasputin
(c) The huge cost of fighting in the World War I (d) Both (a) and (b)
4. Which of the following statements is incorrect about the Socialists till 1914?
(a) They helped various associations to win seats in the parliaments in Europe
(b) Socialists, supported by strong figures in parliamentary politics, shaped and influenced legislation
(c) They succeeded in forming a government in Europe
(d) Governments continued to be run by conservatives, liberals and radicals
5. How can you say that the ‘liberals’ were not ‘democrats’?
(a) They did not believe in universal adult franchise
(b) They felt that only men of property should have a right to vote
(c) Women should not have right to vote (d) All the above
6. Which of the following statements is not correct about the ‘radicals’?
(a) They supported women’s right to vote
(b) They opposed the privileges of great landowners
(c) They were completely against the existence of private property
(d) They wanted a government based on the majority of a country’s population
7. What kind of developments took place as a result of new political trends in Europe?
(a) Industrial Revolution occurred (b) New cities came up
(c) Railways expanded (d) All the above
8 By the mid-19th century in Europe, the idea which attracted widespread attention on the
restructuring of society was (a) Capitalism (b) Socialism (c) Dictatorship (d) None
9 . Who conspired in Italy to bring about a revolution? (a) Bismarck (b) Karl Marx (c) Giuseppe
Mazzini (d) None
10. When was the Socialist Revolutionary Party formed in Russia? (a) 1898 (b) 1900 (c) 1905
(d) 1910
11. What were the demands made by the workers in St. Petersburg who went on a strike?
(a) Reduction of working time to eight hours (b) Increase in wages
(c) Improvement in working conditions (d) All the above
12. Why did the Tsar dismiss the first Duma within 75 days of its election?
(a) Because it was incapable of taking good decisions
(b)Because the Tsar did not want anyone to question his authority
(c) The term of first Duma was of 75 days only (d) None of the above
13. What was the position of Russia’s army in Germany and Austria between 1914 and 1916?
(a) Russian army brought a lot of destruction in Germany and Austria
(b) It killed a large member of people and was victorious
(c) Russian army lost badly (d) None of the above
14. . Why did a lockout take place at a factory on the right bank of the River Neva on22
February, 1917?
(a) It was extremely cold for the workers to work, because of frost and heavy snow
(b) The workers were being forced to join the army
(c) Food shortages were deeply felt in the workers’ quarters situated on the left bank of the River
Neva
(d) Both (a) and (c)
15. On 27th February 1917, soldiers and striking workers gathered to form a council called
(a) Soviet Council (b) Petrograd Soviet (c) Moscow Union (d) Russian Council
16. When did the Tsar abdicate the throne?
(a) 28 February, 1917 (b) 2 March, 1917 (c) 10 April, 1917 (d) 15 May,1918
17. Which of these demands is/are referred to as Lenin’s 'April Theses'?
a) World War I should be brought to an end (b) Land should be transferred to the peasants
(c) Banks should be nationalised (d) All the above
18.. Why were most of the Bolshevik Party members initially surprised by ‘April Theses’?
(a) They wanted continuation of World War I
(b) They thought that time was not ripe for a socialist revolution
(c) Government needed to be supported at this time (d) All the above
19. Who led the Bolshevik group in Russia during Russian Revolution?
(a) Karl Marx (b) Friedrich Engels (c) Vladimir Lenin (d) Trotsky
20. Who started ‘Collectivisation Programme’ in Russia?
(a) Lenin (b) Karl Marx (c) Rasputin (d) Stalin
21. Socialists took over the government in Russia through the?
(a) October Revolution in 1917 (b) November Revolution in 1918
(c) December Revolution in 1919 (d) February Revolution in 1920
22. In the Russian Civil War the Bolsheviks and the socialist revolutionaries were represented
by which of the following colours?
(a) Whites and Reds (b) Greens and Whites (c) Reds and Greens (d) None of these
23. The commune of farmers was known as: (a) Tsar (b) Duma (c) Mir (d) Cossacks
24. Arrange the following in the correct sequence:
I. Beginning of collectivisation
II. The civil war
III. The bloody Sunday incident
IV. Formation of Comintern

B PART -EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING

1. Provisional Government 2.. April Thesis 3. Collectivisation
4.. What was the impact of the First world war on the Russian Economy?
5 There were mainly three groups observed in the European society during 19th and 20th century.
Explain.
6. Narrate the whole episode of October Revolution?
7 Describe the incident of bloody Sunday? What were its effect?
8.‘Socialist revolution was inevitable, but the major challenge was to carve a society based on the
ideas
of that revolution.’ In light of this statement, explain the efforts made in Russia after the revolution. OR
How was the February Revolution able to bring down the monarchy in Russia?

CHAPTER -2-PHYSICAL FEATURES

1.Luni is the only river which drains the Thar desert.
2.Assertion (A): The Black Soil area in Deccan trap is one of the distinct features of the
peninsular plateau.
Reason (R): It covers parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
3 ASSERTION: Bhangar area is ideal for intensive agriculture. REASON: Bhangar is
formed of older Alluvium.
4.The longitudinal valley lying between lesser Himalayas and Shiwalik are
known____________.
5.Why are Shiwaliks more prone to earthquake and landslides? (made of
unconsolidated mud, sediments and rocks)
6.Name the two rivers between which Kumaon and Assam Himalayas are
demarcated?_________.
7.Give two broad divisions of peninsular plateau__________.
8.What do you mean by Baghelkhand?
9. How did black soil form in Deccan Trap?
10.Define Barchans.
11.What was the earlier name of Lakshadweep? 12.Which of the island has a bird
sanctuary? Pitt's Island.
13The highest peak in Eastern Ghats? 14Western Coastal Strip is known as
Konkan.
15.Describe the features of Purvanchal Range of the Himalayas.
16.Distinguish between Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
17.Write a short note the following: (i) Himalayas (ii) Northern Plain (iii) Peninsular
Plateau
18.State the features of the three parallel Himalayan Ranges.
19.Mention any 3 difference between Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep group
of India
DRAINAGE
What is a drainage basin?
Q2. Name the three main Himalayan river system.
Q3. What is a gorge?
Q4. Describe any three features of Himalayan rivers.
Q5. Write a short note on the Brahmaputra river system.
Q6. What progress has been made in the Ganga Action Plan?
Q7. Why are Peninsular rivers seasonal in nature? Give any three reasons.
Q8. Why is the Godavari river also known as ‘Dakshin Ganga’?

.1 What is meant by the term ‘drainage’?

Q.2 What is the area drained by a single river system called?
Q.3 What separates two drainage basins? Answer: c. Water divide
Q.4 How are Indian rivers broadly classified? Answer: c. Himalayan and Peninsular
rivers
Q.5 From where do most Peninsular rivers originate? Answer: d. Western Ghats
Q.6 Which river has the largest basin in India? Answer: a. Ganga
Q.8 Which of these rivers flow westward towards the Arabian Sea?
a. Godavari and Krishna b. Mahanadi and Ganga c. Narmada and Tapi d. Kaveri
and Yamuna Answer c.
Q.9 Where does the Indus River originate? Answer: b. Tibet, near Lake Mansarowar
Q.10 Which river joins the Ganga at Allahabad (Prayagraj)? Answer: c. Yamuna
Q.11 The Ganga flows into the Bay of Bengal after forming which delta? Answer: c.
Sundarban Delta
Q.12 Which rivers are the main Himalayan tributaries of the Ganga? Answer: c.
Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi
Q.13 Where does the Ganga emerge from the mountains onto the plains? Answer: c.
Haridwar
Q.14 The Brahmaputra takes a U-turn at which point to enter India? Answer: b.
Namcha Barwa
Q.15 Which city is located on the water divide between the Indus and Ganga systems?
Answer: c. Ambala
Q.16 Which Peninsular tributaries of the Ganga originate in semi-arid regions and carry
less water?
Q.17.What is the local name of the Brahmaputra in Bangladesh?Answer: a. Jamuna
Q.18 The main distributary of the Ganga in India is: Answer: c. Bhagirathi-Hooghly
Q..19 Where does the Brahmaputra originate? Answer: c. Tibet, east of Mansarowar
lake
Q.20 What is the name of the Brahmaputra in Tibet? Answer: b. Tsang Po
Q.21 Which state does the Narmada River originate from? Answer: b. Madhya
Pradesh
Q.22 What is the largest Peninsular river? Answer: c. Godavari
Q.23 Into which sea do most Peninsular rivers drain? Answer: b. Bay of Bengal
Q.24What is the name of the Brahmaputra when it enters Arunachal Pradesh?
Answer: b. Dihang
Q.25 The Narmada and Tapi rivers flow through which type of valley? Answer: c. Rift
valley
Q.26 Which rivers form estuaries instead of deltas? Answer: b. Narmada and Tapi
Q.27 What causes the Brahmaputra to carry less silt and water in Tibet?
Q.32 What natural disaster is commonly caused by the Brahmaputra in Assam and
Bangladesh?
Q.33 Which peninsular river is also known as the Dakshin Ganga? Answer: c.
Godavari
Q.34 What is the main reason for short west-flowing rivers along the Western Ghats?
Answer: c. Steep slope and narrow coastal plains
Q.35 Where does the Godavari River originate? Answer: c. Nasik district, Maharashtra
Q.37 Which state contributes about 50% of the Godavari River basin?
a. Andhra Pradesh b. Odisha c. Maharashtra d. Madhya Pradesh
Q.38 Which of the following is not a tributary of the Godavari?
a. Purna b. Manjra c. Kosi d. Penganga
Q.39 Which three tributaries of the Godavari are considered the largest?
Q.40 Where does the Mahanadi River originate?
Answer: c. Chhattisgarh highlands
Q.41 The Kaveri River flows into the Bay of Bengal in which state?
Q.42 Which of the following is a tributary of the Krishna River?
Q.43 Which lake is located in the Kashmir Valley and is famous for houseboats and
shikaras?Answer: d. Dal Lake
Q.44 The Sambhar Lake in Rajasthan is:Answer: b. A saltwater lak
Q.45 Which river is known for forming the second biggest waterfall in India –
Shivasamudram Falls?Answer: c. Kaveri
Q.46 Which of these rivers flows near Mahabaleshwar and reaches the Bay of
Bengal?Answer: a. Krishna
Q.47 What kind of lakes are formed when a meandering river cuts off a loop? Answer:
c. Ox-bow lakes
Q.49 Which river among the following shares its basin with Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh,
Jharkhand, and Odisha?
Answer: b. Mahanadi
Q.50 Which is the largest freshwater lake in India? Answer: d. Wular Lake
Q.51 Which of the following is the largest lagoon lake located along the eastern coast
of India? Answer: d. Chilika
Q.52 Which tributaries belong to the Kaveri River system?
Q.54 Which of the following is a man-made lake formed due to river damming?
Answer: c. Guru Gobind Sagar
under the river cleaning programme in Inda?
Q.60 In which of the following states is the Wular Lake located?
Q.61 The river Narmada has its source at: