COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Lab Report No. 2: Tee-Pipe Meshing
SUBMITTED BY:
Name Hamza Khan
Registration No. 220101061
SUBMITTED TO:
Dr. Umer Sohail
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY
ISLAMABAD
Contents
1 Home Page Tasks........................................................................................................................................2
Toolbox:.....................................................................................................................................................2
Project Schematic:.....................................................................................................................................3
2 Mesh Editor:................................................................................................................................................4
i. Details:....................................................................................................................................................4
a. Sizing............................................................................................................................................4
b. Quality..........................................................................................................................................4
c. Inflation..............................................................................................................................................5
d. Generate Mesh...................................................................................................................................5
e. Statistics:............................................................................................................................................5
f. Naming:..............................................................................................................................................5
g. Named Selections:.............................................................................................................................6
h. Outline................................................................................................................................................8
i. Mesh Geometry............................................................................................................................8
j. Section Plane................................................................................................................................9
Conclusion:..............................................................................................................................................12
1 Home Page Tasks
Toolbox:
Select and click Fluid Flow Fluent by double clicking or dragging it to the task window.
Project Schematic:
In the task window the fluid flow window, after making the geometry in either Space Claim,
DesignModular or by importing it via computer files, the next task is meshing.
Right Click on Mesh and select Edit to go to Mesh Editing Window incorporated in Ansys.
2 Mesh Editor:
The second most important task is to perform the mesh of the object, i.e., Fluid Domain, so that Ansys
may apply Navier Stokes equations to calculate the desired solutions after giving Boundary Conditions.
Mesh Editor is a separate window in which mesh is done via different techniques to ensure maximum
finess.
i. Details:
a. Sizing
Change the Relevance Center from coarse to Fine to refine the mesh size, the default size is given
already but on changing the Max face Size, it may make it small as per need.
b. Quality
Quality of mesh depends on the following factors:
1. Aspect Ratio: The ratio of the longest edge to the shortest edge of an element. It
indicates how "stretched" an element is.
2. Skewness: A measure of element distortion, defined as how much the shape
deviates from an ideal element (e.g., equilateral triangle for 2D, equilateral
tetrahedron for 3D)
3. Orthogonality: The measure of how perpendicular the element faces are with
respect to each other. Used in CFD.
4. Jacobian Ratio: Measures the transformation of an element from its ideal shape
to the actual shape. It is the determinant of the Jacobian matrix, which maps the
element’s ideal shape to its deformed shape.
c. Inflation
Layers of elements near walls to capture boundary layer effects. It Helps resolve viscous effects
in CFD. It is needed for accurate drag and heat transfer calculations.
d. Generate Mesh
Click on Generate Mesh from the top of the ribbon to create a new mesh on the geometry the
parameters have been applied.
e. Statistics:
Check the Statistics to ensure the mesh quality is fine to start the CFD setup. These nodes are the
meeting points of all lines and joining such lines makes up the orthogonal elements or cells. The
Navier Stokes Equations are applied at the back hand of the Nodes to calculate the CFD results.
f. Naming:
Now the next task is to give names of the boundaries so that boundary conditions may be applied easily.
Click on the Face where name must be given.
Right Click on the Face then select Create Named Selection (N) and give names to all the three
faces we need to define at the starting i.e., hot inlet, Cold Inlet, Outlet.
g. Named Selections:
Upon checking from the Model window, one can see where the boundaries have been defined.
Hot Inlet face is defined as follows.
Cold Inlet face is defined as follows.
Outlet face is defined as follows.
h. Outline
Outline shows the model tree in which you can check any of the tasks done by the user anytime,
it helps in easy access to edit or delete and of the task performed earlier.
i. Mesh Geometry
Mesh Geometry looks as follows in the 3d view window, it may show you how good and refined
the mesh is.
Element Quality is also a if the mesh is good or not, it shoes where the element is not being
refined correctly, the backhand equations may cause vague answers at that point or cause
incorrect or deviated calculations.
j. Section Plane
Section planes are used to cut a geometry to see how it looks from inside and see hidden features.
in this case we have elements.
Select the Button beside Generate mesh, it is represented by white and blue background with
section lines with a red plus in ANSYS. It will help to initiate the new section plane.
Draw a vertical line on the geometry from selecting z axis as symmetry axis. And it will cut the
geometry in section view.
The line has cut the geometry in half and the dialogue box shows a section plane one exists now.
Select the second button in bar to click the blue circle in middle to slide the section plane across
that axis of symmetry to check the elements at any location on that axis of reference or section
axis.
Click the fourth button to make the elements highlight themselves in 3d elements, such that every
element will become orthogonal in 3d space. And the section where it is cut will show all the
elements existing on that exact plane.
Conclusion:
The second task of the CFD process is done via meshing. It can be done via different methods and
approach; its basic purpose is to divide geometry into many small elements as atoms to work on the
equations easily and give accurate post results.
