Multiple Choice Questions:

1. According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development is characterized by the ability to think
logically about concrete events?

a) Sensorimotor

b) Preoperational

c) Concrete operational

d) Formal operational

2. In Piaget's theory, which of the following is essential for children to progress from one stage to
another?

a) Observation

b) Adaptation

c) Reinforcement

d) Punishment

3. Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory emphasizes the importance of:

a) Genetic inheritance

b) Observation and imitation

c) Classical conditioning

d) Cognitive restructuring

4. Which term is most closely associated with Bandura’s Social Learning Theory?

a) Schema

b) Modeling

c) Conservation

d) Disequilibrium

5. Vygotsky’s concept of “scaffolding” refers to:

a) Building a child's physical abilities

c) Reinforcing behavior through reward

d) Identifying cognitive milestones

6. Vygotsky's theory emphasizes the role of which of the following in cognitive development?

a) Maturation

b) Genetics

c) Social interaction

d) Reflexes

7. Which of the following best describes the “Zone of Proximal Development” (ZPD) in Vygotsky’s
theory?

a) The range of tasks a learner can do independently

b) The range of tasks a learner can complete with help

c) The ability to solve abstract problems

d) The capacity for logical reasoning

8. Jean Lave's Situated Learning Theory focuses on learning as:

a) An isolated cognitive process

b) Dependent on environmental stimuli

c) A process of participation in social contexts

d) A result of reinforcement and punishment

9. In Jean Lave's Situated Learning Theory, learning is best understood as:

a) Memorization of facts

b) Imitating role models

c) Context-bound and part of social practice

d) Cognitive restructuring
10. Which of the following is a key aspect of Bandura's Social Learning Theory?

a) Problem-solving

b) Mental scaffolding

c) Reciprocal determinism

d) Physical growth

11. Vygotsky's scaffolding technique is most effective when:

a) The teacher provides help only when the student struggles

b) The student is left to work alone

c) The teacher continuously solves problems for the student

d) The student repeats tasks until mastery

12. According to Piaget, children in the preoperational stage typically struggle with:

a) Understanding conservation

b) Following complex rules

c) Abstract reasoning

d) Gross motor coordination

13. Which of the following best describes “modeling” in Bandura’s Social Learning Theory?

a) Reinforcing positive behavior

b) Creating cognitive frameworks

c) Learning by observing others’ actions

d) Imitating reflexes

14. Vygotsky believed that language plays a critical role in:

a) Physical development

b) Moral development

c) Cognitive development

d) Sensory development
15. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development are based on:

a) Age ranges

b) Social interaction

c) Genetic predisposition

d) Language acquisition

16. According to Jean Lave's Situated Learning Theory, which of the following enhances learning?

a) Memorizing facts

b) Participating in authentic social activities

c) Completing standardized tests

d) Practicing isolated drills

17. Which of the following is an example of Vygotsky's "more knowledgeable other" (MKO)?

a) A student working alone

b) A teacher assisting with a complex task

c) A computer giving automated feedback

d) A student answering a test

18. In Piaget’s cognitive theory, what is the process of incorporating new information into an existing
schema called?

a) Adaptation

b) Assimilation

c) Accommodation

d) Equilibrium

19. Bandura’s concept of reciprocal determinism suggests that behavior is influenced by:

a) Only personal factors

b) Only environmental factors

d) None of the above

20. In Vygotsky’s theory, the ability of a learner to perform a task with the help of a more knowledgeable
other is found in:

a) Concrete operational stage

b) Sensorimotor stage

c) Formal operational stage

d) Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

Answer Key:

c) Concrete operational

b) Adaptation

b) Observation and imitation

b) Modeling

b) Supporting students’ learning by providing temporary help

c) Social interaction

b) The range of tasks a learner can complete with help

c) A process of participation in social contexts

c) Context-bound and part of social practice

c) Reciprocal determinism

a) The teacher provides help only when the student struggles

a) Understanding conservation

c) Learning by observing others’ actions

c) Cognitive development

a) Age ranges

b) Participating in authentic social activities

b) A teacher assisting with a complex task

b) Assimilation
c) The interaction between personal, environmental, and behavioral factors

d) Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

You said:

please add another 15 more

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Here are 15 additional multiple-choice questions based on the psychological bases of Special and
Inclusive Education, along with the answer key:

Multiple Choice Questions:

21. According to Piaget, the process of modifying an existing schema to incorporate new information is
known as:

a) Assimilation

b) Accommodation

c) Imitation

d) Conservation

22. In Piaget’s formal operational stage, learners develop the ability to:

a) Think symbolically

b) Understand abstract and hypothetical concepts

c) Engage in pretend play

d) Think through only concrete situations

23. Albert Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy refers to:

b) A teacher's ability to guide a learner

c) A student’s desire to imitate others

d) The effectiveness of peer learning

24. Which of the following is a central idea in Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of cognitive development?

a) All cognitive development is determined by biology

b) Learning happens in isolation from the social context

c) Learning is mediated by language and culture

d) Learning is based solely on age and stage

25. Which of the following best explains the idea of "legitimate peripheral participation" in Jean Lave's
Situated Learning Theory?

a) Mastery through trial and error

b) Gradual participation in a social group, starting with simple tasks

c) Learning through observation only

d) Isolated practice of skills

26. According to Vygotsky, what is the primary tool through which children learn and develop
cognitively?

a) Problem-solving skills

b) Social interaction

c) Physical manipulation of objects

d) Reinforcement and punishment

27. In Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, a behavior is more likely to be imitated if:

a) The model is perceived as competent or admirable

b) It is done in isolation

c) It is reinforced with punishment

28. Piaget’s theory suggests that children in the sensorimotor stage learn about the world primarily
through:

a) Problem-solving

b) Physical interactions and sensory experiences

c) Social interactions

d) Abstract reasoning

29. In Piaget’s preoperational stage, children are characterized by:

a) Logical thinking

b) Egocentrism and lack of conservation

c) Abstract reasoning

d) Mastery of complex problem-solving

30. Vygotsky emphasized that teachers should provide support to learners in their ZPD by:

a) Allowing independent exploration

b) Offering just enough help to guide learning

c) Withdrawing all help to promote autonomy

d) Reinforcing correct behavior

31. Albert Bandura’s theory includes the idea that learning can occur without:

a) Reinforcement or punishment

b) Observation of others

c) Cognitive development

d) Physical practice

32. In Jean Lave's Situated Learning Theory, the concept of community of practice refers to:

a) A group of individuals who learn in isolation

c) A learning group led by an authoritative teacher

d) A community focused on formal testing

33. In Vygotsky’s theory, which of the following plays a key role in cognitive development?

a) Reinforcement schedules

b) Peer interactions and collaboration

c) Only direct instruction

d) Maturation

34. Which of the following statements best reflects Piaget's view on the role of teachers?

a) Teachers should directly instruct students to memorize facts

b) Teachers should serve as facilitators, encouraging students to explore and discover

c) Teachers should model behaviors for students to imitate

d) Teachers should apply strict discipline to maintain focus

35. Bandura’s concept of vicarious reinforcement refers to:

a) Being rewarded for a behavior directly

b) Learning by seeing others receive rewards or punishment

c) Learning by doing physical tasks

d) Repeating tasks to improve behavior

Answer Key:

b) Accommodation

b) Understand abstract and hypothetical concepts

a) A person’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations

c) Learning is mediated by language and culture

b) Gradual participation in a social group, starting with simple tasks

b) Social interaction
a) The model is perceived as competent or admirable

b) Physical interactions and sensory experiences

b) Egocentrism and lack of conservation

b) Offering just enough help to guide learning

a) Reinforcement or punishment

b) People who share an interest and learn through collaboration

b) Peer interactions and collaboration

b) Teachers should serve as facilitators, encouraging students to explore and discover

b) Learning by seeing others receive rewards or punishment

True or False Questions:

1. The Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasizes the right of all children to education without
discrimination, including children with disabilities.

True or False

2. UNESCO promotes inclusive education as a fundamental right for every child, including those with
disabilities.

True or False

3. The Education for All (EFA) initiative specifically excludes children with special needs from its goals, as
they require different services.

True or False

4. The Special Protection against Child Abuse law in the Philippines provides legal protection for all
children, regardless of their abilities or disabilities.

True or False

5. RA 9344, the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act, applies only to children without disabilities.

True or False
6. The Magna Carta for Disabled Persons (RA 7277) ensures that persons with disabilities have the right
to accessible and appropriate education.

True or False

7. Rehabilitation and integration under RA 7277 includes programs for the inclusion of children with
disabilities in the workforce.

True or False

8. According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, children with special needs must be provided
with free, quality education that is tailored to their individual needs.

True or False

9. The Education for All (EFA) initiative aims to provide access to education for all children, including
those with special needs, by fostering inclusive practices.

True or False

10. UNESCO’s policies on inclusive education focus only on children with physical disabilities, excluding
those with learning disabilities.

True or False

11. The Magna Carta for Disabled Persons (RA 7277) mandates that employers provide reasonable
accommodations for persons with disabilities, including children transitioning into the workforce.

True or False

12. The Special Protection against Child Abuse law does not specifically address the abuse of children
with disabilities, as they are covered under separate legislation.

True or False

13. Under RA 9344, the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act, children with disabilities are subject to the
same legal protections and rights as their non-disabled peers in conflict with the law.

True or False
14. The Convention on the Rights of the Child requires that governments ensure children with disabilities
enjoy the same opportunities for personal development as children without disabilities.

True or False

15. The Rehabilitation and Integration of Disabled Persons law (RA 7277) encourages the development of
community-based rehabilitation services for children with disabilities.

True or False

16. The Convention on the Rights of the Child provides special provisions for children with disabilities to
ensure their full participation in society.

True or False

17. Education for All (EFA) does not specifically require inclusive education practices for children with
special needs, focusing only on general education access.

True or False

18. UNESCO advocates for the use of specialized segregated institutions for children with disabilities,
rather than inclusive schools.

True or False

19. The Magna Carta for Disabled Persons guarantees that individuals with disabilities have equal access
to employment opportunities.

True or False

20. RA 9344, the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act, stipulates that children with disabilities who commit
crimes are automatically tried as adults.

True or False

Answer Key:

True

True
False

True

False

True

True

True

True

False

True

False

True

True

True

True

False

False

True

False