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Percentages. = =
Conversion of Reciprocals to their
Percentage equivalents:
= = = = =
= =
= =
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=
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=
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=
=
=
=
=
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Conversion of fractions to their
= = Percentage equivalents (Multiples):
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Page |3
Concept of Base Daniel spends 20% of his income on
petrol, 25% of the remaining on house
What is 14.28% of 84? rent, 10% of the remaining on clothes
and the remaining amount on food. If he
spends Rs. 5400 on food then what is
the expenditure on house rent?
A. 1200 B. 1500
50 is what percentage of 45? C. 2000 D. 6000
36 is 75% of what value?
Daniel spends 20% of his income on
petrol, 25% on house rent, 10% on
clothes and the remaining amount on
food. If he spends Rs. 2700 on food then
what is the expenditure on house rent?
A. 1200 B. 1500
C. 2000 D. 6000
Instead of multiplying a no by 7 the no is
divided by 7. Approximately, how much
is the error percentage?
A. 100% B. 14.28%
C. 98% D. 49%
Page |4
Fresh Grapes contain 90% water by % more, % less
weight. Dried grapes contain 20% water
by weight. What will be the weight of For 2 values X and Y, find the answers to
dried grapes when 20 kgs of fresh the following questions:
grapes is kept for drying? 1. X is what % of Y?
A. 10 kgs B. 2.5 kgs 2. Y is what % of X?
C. 4.44 kgs D. 2 kgs 3. X is more than Y by what %?
4. Y is less than X by what %?
X = 50, Y = 40
1.
2.
3.
4.
X = 150, Y = 120
1.
x% of y is y% of? 2.
A. x/y B. 2y
C.x D. Cannot be determined 3.
4.
X is 80, Y is 200
1.
25% of X = 45% of Y. Then X : Y is: 2.
A. 5 : 9 B. 3 : 5
C. 5 : 3 D. 9 : 5 3.
4.
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Percentage change If A’s income is 25% less than B’s
income, by what % is B’s income greater
Initial value = IV than that of A?
Final value = FV A. 35% B. 25%
C. 30% D. None of these
% increase =
% decrease =
% change = If X is 28.57% taller than Y, by what % is
Y shorter than X?
A. 40% B. 20%
C. 22.22% D. 77.77%
In terms of % change,
FV = × IV
IV FV % change Two numbers are respectively 11 %
70 77 and 9 % more than a third number.
The ratio of the two numbers is:
77 70 A. 11 : 9 B. 9 : 11
C. 54 : 55 D. 55 : 54
80 25% ↑
150 20% ↓
420 16.66% ↑
120 20% ↓ Note: While assuming the base,
Page |6
The signing fee per movie charged by Successive percentage change:
Priyanka, Deepika and Katrina are in the
ratio 6 : 5 : 4. Based on the awards they Length of a rectangle is increased by
won for last year, they decide to 20% and breadth is increased by 25%.
increase their signing fees by 75%, 50% Find the percentage change in the area
and 25%. What will be the ratio of their of the rectangle.
signing fees per movie now?
A. 6 : 5 : 4 B. 3 : 2 : 1
C. 9 : 5 : 2 D. 21 : 15 : 10
The price of tea increases by 12.5%. By
what % should a housewife reduce the
consumption of tea so that expenditure
on tea can be same as before?
A. 10% B. 11.11%
C. 12.5% D. 6.25%
Page |7
Find the equivalent % change for the Difference between percentage change
following cases: and percentage point change.
a. 25% increase followed by a 20%
increase Kunal scored 40% in 1st year of
engineering. He works hard in the next
year but still manages to score 50% in
b. 25% increase followed by a 20% the 2nd year.
decrease
Percentage point change:
c. 25% decrease followed by a 20% Percentage change:
increase
d. 25% decrease followed by a 20%
decrease
e. 20% increase followed by a 20%
decrease
f. 25% increase followed by a 10%
decrease followed by a 20% increase
g. 16.66% increase followed by a
14.28% decrease
Note:
The order in which successive change
occurs is
Page |8
Tabulated data: 5. Who was the 1st rank amongst these 5
Percentage of scores obtained by 5 students?
students in 5 subjects are as given in the
table. Maximum marks for Maths (M),
Science (Sc.), English (E), Hindi (H),
Social studies (SS) and Computers (C)
are 150, 200, 100, 50, 75 and 25
respectively.
6. Who was the 2nd rank amongst these
M Sc. E H SS C 5 students?
Amit 94 70 84 90 92 96
Binu 80 68 89 74 88 92
Fiza 84 84 84 84 84 84
Vasu 80 60 81 72 76 72
Puja 90 86 82 76 88 76
1. How much marks did Amit score in 7. Who was the last rank within these 5
Maths? students?
2. What is the total score of Binu?
8. Vasu’s score in Science is what % of
Binu’s score in Maths?
. Amit’s score in Hindi is how much %
3. What was the percentage score of more than Vasu’s score in Computers?
Binu?
4. What was the percentage score of
0. Vasu’s score in Computers is how
Fiza?
much % less than Amit’s score in Hindi?
Page |9
11. Under an improvement scheme, a
student may re-appear in any one
subject to increase his/her score by 10
percentage points. Which subject should
Vasu re-appear in?
12. Under an improvement scheme, a
student may re-appear in any one
subject to increase his/her score by
10%. Which subject should Vasu re-
appear in?
13. A student is given a certificate of
“Distinction” if he/she scores 80% or
above overall. How many of the given 5
students will receive a “Distinction”
Certificate?
14. What was the average score of these
5 students in Social Studies?
P a g e | 10
Pie Chart: 3. Sumit’s investment in Company A is
Sumit invests a total of Rs. 50,000 in how much % more/less than his
shares of 5 companies (A, B, C, D & investment in Company C?
E).The following Pie Chart shows the
distribution of his investment. Answer
the questions based on the data given:
36 ̊
108 ̊ 4. Sumit sells shares of Company A
54 ̊ worth Rs. 10000. If now a new pie chart
of his investments in these 5 companies
is drawn, how much will be the angle
made by his investment in company E?
(Assume that the market price of all his
shares is still the same as his purchase
72 ̊ price)
90 ̊
A B C D E
1. How much did Sumit invest in
Company A?
5. Sumit invests an additional Rs. 5000
in shares of Company E. If now a new
2. If Sumit’s share in Company A is pie chart of his investments in these 5
0.001% of the valuation of Company A, companies is drawn, how much will be
what is the valuation of company A? the angle made by his investment in
company A? (Assume that the market
price of all his shares is still the same as
his purchase price)
