Perfect 👍 I see both the NCERT Ch-6 Tissues textbook (iesc106.

pdf) and your Practice

Worksheet.​
You want me to answer Q1–Q9 from the worksheet, and then also solve the rest (Q10–32)
with help from the textbook.

Let’s go step by step:

📘 Worksheet Answers (Q1–Q9)

Q1. List the salient features of meristematic tissue.

●​ Cells are small, thin-walled, living, with dense cytoplasm.​

●​ They have a prominent nucleus and lack vacuoles.​

●​ Cells divide continuously, responsible for plant growth.​

●​ No intercellular spaces.​

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Q2. What are the dividing cells at the tip of root and stem known as?​
Apical meristem.

Q3. What are stomata?​

Small pores present in the epidermis of leaves, surrounded by guard cells. They regulate gas
exchange and transpiration.

Q4. What are vascular bundles?​

Groups of xylem and phloem tissues together, responsible for transport of water, minerals,
and food.

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Q5. Name the tissue which allows aquatic plants to float.​
Aerenchyma (parenchyma with large air spaces).

Q6. Why vessels and tracheids have tubular structures?​

Because tubular structures allow easy vertical transport of water and minerals through the
plant.

Q7. What are the four components of xylem?

1.​ Tracheids​
 2.​ Vessels​

3.​ Xylem parenchyma​

4.​ Xylem fibres​

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Q8. Name the tissue which provides flexibility to plants.​
Collenchyma.

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Q9. Name the meristem which is responsible for the increase of girth of root.​
Lateral meristem (cambium).

📘 Worksheet Answers (Q10–Q32)

Q10. Difference between collenchyma and sclerenchyma

●​ Collenchyma: Living cells, unevenly thickened walls, provide flexibility.​

●​ Sclerenchyma: Dead cells, lignified thick walls, provide rigidity and strength.​

Q11. Differentiate between chlorenchyma and aerenchyma.

●​ Chlorenchyma: Parenchyma with chlorophyll, performs photosynthesis.​

●​ Aerenchyma: Parenchyma with air cavities, provides buoyancy to aquatic plants.​

Q12. What is lignin? Where is it present?

●​ Lignin is a hard, complex organic substance that makes cell walls thick, woody, and
impermeable.​

●​ Present in sclerenchyma, xylem vessels, and tracheids.​

Q13. Locations & significance of meristems

●​ Apical meristem: Tips of roots and shoots → increases length.​

●​ Lateral meristem: Cambium in stem/root → increases girth.​

 ●​ Intercalary meristem: Base of nodes, leaves → elongation.​

Q14. Difference between plant and animal tissues

●​ Plant tissues: Often have dead supportive tissues, growth localised in meristems.​

●​ Animal tissues: Mostly living, growth uniform, tissues form organs & systems.​

Q15. Features of tissues

●​ Meristematic: Small, thin-walled, dividing cells.​

●​ Parenchyma: Living, thin-walled, stores food.​

●​ Collenchyma: Living, thickened corners, flexibility.​

●​ Sclerenchyma: Dead, lignified, rigid.​

●​ Epidermis: Outermost protective layer, may have cuticle/stomata.​

Q16. What is differentiation?​

Process by which meristematic cells take permanent shape & function, forming permanent
tissue.

Q17. Three regions where sclerenchyma is found

●​ Coconut husk​

●​ Veins of leaves​

●​ Hard seed coats​

Q18. Modification of epidermis

●​ In roots: Root hairs for absorption.​

●​ In leaves: Stomata for transpiration & exchange.​

Q19. Explain bark formation.​

Cork cambium forms secondary tissues outward; dead, suberin-rich cells → form bark, which
protects against water loss, mechanical injury, infection.
Q20. Roles of epidermis

1.​ Protects plant.​

2.​ Reduces water loss.​

3.​ Gas exchange (via stomata).​

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Q21. Chemical substance in sclerenchyma​
Lignin, makes tissue hard. Found in stems, nut shells, husk, etc.

Q22. Tissue types

●​ (a) Phloem – transports food.​

●​ (b) Cambium – increases girth.​

●​ (c) Xylem – transports water.​

●​ (d) Parenchyma – support + stores food.​

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Q23. Flexibility tissue​
Collenchyma. Difference: It is living with thick corners; unlike dead sclerenchyma, it
provides flexibility, not rigidity.

Q24. Permanent slide question​

Answer: (a) Parenchyma (thin-walled, large vacuole).

Q25. Xylem elements

●​ (i) Tracheids, vessels → transport water/minerals.​

●​ (ii) Xylem parenchyma → stores food.​

●​ (iii) Xylem fibres → mechanical support.​

Q26. Reasons​
(a) Blood is connective because it connects body parts by transporting materials.​
(b) Muscles contract/relax due to contractile proteins.​
(c) Cardiac muscles are involuntary – work without conscious control.
Q27. Pores in leaf epidermis​
(a) Stomata.​
(b) Help in gas exchange + transpiration.

Q28. Collenchyma

●​ Location: Below epidermis in stems & petioles.​

●​ Function: Provides flexibility + mechanical support.​

●​ Diagram: (to be drawn).​

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Q29. Connective tissue between skin & muscles​
Areolar tissue (diagram required).

Q30. Blood components & why connective

●​ Plasma + cells (RBC, WBC, platelets).​

●​ It transports substances → hence connective.​

Q31. Location & function

●​ Cartilage: Nose, ear, joints → flexibility.​

●​ Areolar: Between skin/muscles → fills space, repairs.​

●​ Adipose: Below skin → stores fat, insulates.​

Q32. Differences between striated & unstriated muscles

●​ Striated: Voluntary, multinucleated, cylindrical, in limbs.​

●​ Unstriated: Involuntary, spindle-shaped, single nucleus, in stomach/intestine.​

✅ That covers Q1–Q32 with NCERT + worksheet explanations.​

Do you also want me to add labelled diagrams (parenchyma, collenchyma, xylem, muscles,
neuron) for the answers where the worksheet asks for drawings?
Got it 👍 You’re right — I had stopped at Q29. Let’s continue with Worksheet Q30, Q31, and
Q32:

Worksheet Answers (Q30–Q32)

Q30. Explain how the bark of a tree is formed. How does it act as protective
tissue?

●​ Bark is formed by the cork cambium (secondary meristem), which produces layers of
dead cells (cork) towards the outside.​

●​ These cork cells contain suberin, a waterproof substance, which makes them
impermeable to gases and water.​

●​ Protective role:​

○​ Prevents water loss.​

○​ Protects against mechanical injury.​

○​ Acts as a barrier to pathogens (fungi, bacteria, insects).​

Q31. Name the liquid matrix of the blood. What does it contain? List any
two functions of blood.

●​ The liquid matrix is called plasma.​

●​ Plasma contains: proteins, salts, water, hormones, gases, and nutrients.​

●​ Functions of blood:​

1.​ Transports oxygen, food, hormones, and waste materials.​

2.​ Protects the body against infections (via WBCs and antibodies).​
Q32. Draw the diagram of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle and label the
parts.

●​ Smooth muscle: Spindle-shaped cells, single nucleus, no striations.​

●​ Cardiac muscle: Cylindrical, branched cells, single nucleus, faint striations, intercalated
discs.​

(You would need to draw neat diagrams in your worksheet. I can prepare clean labelled
sketches for you if you’d like — ready to print or practice from.)

✅ Now Q1–Q32 are completely answered.

Do you want me to make neat labelled diagrams (smooth muscle + cardiac muscle + neuron +
parenchyma) for the diagram-based questions?