Kepler's Laws and Solar System Models
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsKepler's Laws and Solar System Models
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsSummative Subject:Physics Professor: Constanza Fuentes J
Student: Course: 10th grade 24/10/2023
Ideal Score: 31 points Score Obtained: ____ points NOTE:
Kepler's Laws and Models of the Universe
Objective:Demonstrate that they understand that knowledge of the Universe changes andSkills:
increases based on new evidence, using models such as the geocentric and the Identify.
Heliocentric. Explain, using Kepler's laws, the characteristics of the movement of Infer. Analyze.
the bodies of the solar system. Qualitatively explain the phenomenon of tides. and Apply.
Instructions:
You have 80 minutes to complete your test.
2.- Remember to always present your results with 2 decimal places rounded.
3.- You can use a calculator.
Item I: Multiple Choice: Read each question carefully. Avoid using a correction fluid. If you have any doubts, raise
the hand. Mark with a diagonal line (/) the correct options corresponding to each question. If you make a mistake,
Complete the mark with an X and respond again as at the beginning. (1 point each)
The heliocentric model was formulated by
Ptolemy
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Nicolaus Copernicus
d) Johannes Kepler
According to Kepler's 3rd law, the planets that:
a) they are farther from the sun, they take less time to make a complete orbit around it.
b) they are closer to the sun, they take longer to make a complete circle around it.
c) they are farther from the sun, they take the same time as those who are closer, to make one revolution around the sun.
d) there is no relationship between those variables.
If a high and low tide cycle lasts 6 hours, then how many cycles will we have in a full day?
Analyze
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 6
4. If a planet is at its perigee, according to Kepler's 2nd law, its speed will be:
greater than at aphelion
b) smaller than at aphelion
c) the same as at all points in its orbit
d) it cannot be determined
5. According to Aristotle's model, everything above __________ corresponds to the immutable. We refer to
[Skill: Identify]
the moon
b) The Sun
c) The Earth
d) Mars
6. The planet that takes the longest to orbit around the Sun in the Solar System is:
a) Jupiter
b) Saturn
c) Uranus
d) Neptune
7. According to the geocentric model, the astronomical object at the center of the solar system is:
the Sun
the Moon
the Earth
d) Mars
8. Which of the following concepts does not exist? [skill: infer]
a) retrograde movement
b) elliptical orbits
lunar tides
Coriolis effect
The first scientist to realize that the orbits of the planets are elliptical was:
a) Ptolemy
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Nicolaus Copernicus
d) Johannes Kepler
10. Kepler's laws imply a new conception of the universe for the historical context in which he lived, this is:
analyze
a) admission of circular orbits
b) admission of non-circular orbits
c) admission of square orbits
d) admission of eccentric orbits
11. The star that is located at the 2nd focus of the Earth's ellipse is:
the sun
the moon
c) Mars
d) such a star does not exist
12. According to Kepler's 2nd law, the vector ray:
a) bar equal areas, at disparate time intervals
b) it is always of the same length, regardless of the distance
c) bar equal areas in equal time intervals
d) it is always half the initial length of the interval
13. The so-called 'epicycles' are a characteristic of the model of:
Ptolemy
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Nicolaus Copernicus
d) Johannes Kepler
14. The following model of the Universe was proposed by:
Ptolemy
b) Aristotle
c) Nicolaus Copernicus
d) Johannes Kepler
15. The figure that best describes the orbits that planets make around the sun is: [skill: infer]
a circle
a parabola
c) an ellipse
d) a hyperbola
Item II: Development Questions: Read each of the following questions carefully and respond in the manner
as complete as possible in the assigned space. (4 points each)
1. Why do tides originate on Earth? Explain.
Explain
2. Explain what the heliocentric model consists of. [Skill: Explain]
Form:
4 * π2
∗ = ∗ = ∗
= , ∗ −( − − )
3. The moon is the only natural satellite of planet Earth, it is located 350,000 km from Earth at its perigee, and at
400,000 km from Earth at its apogee. If it moves at 1.08 km/s at perigee, what is its speed at apogee?
Skill: analyze–apply
Data (1 point) Formula (1 point) Replacement (1 point) Answer in words
(1 point)
4. Calculate the mass of the Sun, considering that the Earth describes a circular orbit of 150 million kilometers.
radio and knowing that its orbital period is 365.25 days.
Data (1 point) Formula (1 point) Replacement (1 point) Response in words
(1 point)
