NAME; AKINBOLUDE JOSHUA TIMILEYIN
LEVEL: 400 level
MATRIC NUMBER: AGE/19/1126
COURSE CODE: AGE 419/ ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
ASSIGNMENT QUESTION:
List the sources of waste and how the sources affect waste.
Answer:
1. Natural factors: There are quite numbers of factor that contributes
to this, which are:
a. Population; This is one of the major factor governing waste
generation. Highly populated countries show high per capital waste
generation.
b. Urban and rural areas: People migrate from rural areas to urban areas
in search of employment and education opportunities. Urbanization
and industrialization is the main reason for the migration of people.
Thus, waste generation is high in urban areas when compared to rural
areas.
c. Economic status and lifestyle: Economic status influences the waste
generation to a great extent. Waste generation is high among high
income groups and high income countries. Higher the income rate and
rate of urbanization greater is the solid waste generation.
2. Marketing strategy: If your company makes products that require
scarce resources such as non renewable resources ( oil, coal, various
minerals ), you could face large cost increases making a marketing
strategy difficult. Hence causing waste generation.
3. Packaging: Packaging materials are frequently disposed off after use,
resulting in substantial waste generation. In many cases, packaging
ends up in landfills, where it contributes to the accumulation of non-
biodegradable waste. Even if packaging is recycled or incinerated, it
still requires energy and resources for processing, and recycling rates
vary widely depending on the material and region.
4. Legal/Commercial: While your business will endure some costs to
ensure that your waste is being disposed off correctly, it can be even
more costly to ignore these responsibilities. With landfill taxes on the
rise, you cannot afford not to find cost-saving measures in waste
disposal. Whether it’s hefty fines for not fulfilling your legal
responsibilities, or failing to spot places where waste could be
reduced or recycled and used again by your business, by not tackling
your waste management efficiently, you could be losing out on
essential funds.
5. Manufacturing/Service: This includes:
a. Inventory: Inventory waste occurs when you keep excess products or
raw materials because you don’t want to run out of them.
b. Motion: This type of manufacturing waste happens when machinery
or operators use too many motions to complete their manufacturing
tasks.
c. Defects:This is when defects occur in components or finished
products, making a product unusable and contributing to the other
types of waste described above.
6. Logistics: This includes:
a. Transportation: Unnecessary movement of material. Product, or
goods. This waste is often associated with damage of product during
transit, increased production time,increased transportation costs,
taking up more floor space than needed.
b. Waiting: Time wasted for the process step to be completed. This
waste causes bottlenecks in workflow, can lead to service failures,
and adds time to process/product completion.
c. Inventory: WIP ( work in process ) being completed before it is
needed. Added product eats up available space, has a greater chance
of being damaged, can become expired before using, and adds
carrying costs. Examples include: having more trucks or trailers than
are needed, excessive tire and parts inventory, keeping records or files
for longer than is required.
7. Marketing tactics: This is a hard hill to climb to promote products to
consumers thus your marketing strategy is very difficult. Increased
government intervention in different countries have different levels of
involvement with respect to natural resource management. Some
vigorously pursue environmental quality while others do little about
pollution. There is hope, however, that companies will become more
socially responsible and that pollution will be reduced. These factors
create marketing strategies that bode well to the consumer.
8. Mismanagement: Untreated waste water and the dumping of garbage
had brought along problems such as the clogging of waterways and
prolonged flooding, waterborne diseases, floating garbage and
unpleasant [Link] progress was observed in some areas of the
project, problems appeared prevailing or worsening in others and
water quality had only marginally improved.
