TECHNICAL SHEET OF NATIVE TREES IN HUANCAYO

GLUE
Buddleja coriacea 'Colle' 'Kishuara'
Bush of 2 m. to tree of 8 or more m. in height with good straight diameter and good branching, recognizable by its
globular crown full of dark green foliage. The leaves are pubescent and whitish on the underside. The flowers are
small but abundant and of a bright orange or yellowish color.

Distribution: Central and Southern Sierra of Peru up to Bolivia.

Altitude Range: The altitudinal distribution for this species is between

from 3400 to 4500 meters above sea level.

Soils
The 'Colle' prefers loamy or loamy-sandy soils with good
depth; however, it is a plastic species. It adapts well in
soils with medium stoniness.
Uses
A traditional way of interest is the use of foliage and
humic material generated by the plant as natural fertilizer, added
to the fields before planting. For this purpose, it is often air-layered multiple times to generate small
groves near the farmland.
The embankment is used as retaining walls in the perimeter and with mechanical works of conservation and recovery of
soils. This species and the species Polylepis racemosa are frequently associated with mechanical conservation works.
. Aside from the mentioned uses, the “Colle” provides excellent quality wood, which is used in
construction (beams, doors, windows, lintels), in the production of agricultural tools (yokes, plows, hoeing tools) as well
like in crafts and props.
 JASSI
Haplorhus peruviana

description
It is a tree species native and considered endemic to Peru; distributed in the departments
ofAyacucho, Cusco, FullyTacna, although it has also been reported for the north ofChile(Arica) It is known
worm-like with the name 'ccasi' or 'jassi' in the central highlands and 'carzo' in the south of Peru. In literature, it is referred to
it is considered a typical species of the inter-Andean valleys; however, in the southernmost part of Peru, it is distributed at altitudes
lower, below 1500 meters above sea level (Cinto Valley).
Leaves
Leathery leaves, simple, alternate, sessile, entire margin, linear lanceolate tapered towards the base of 4 to 9 cm long by 5 to
10 mm wide, reddish and resinous.
Flowers
Feminine and masculine flowers.
Distribution
H. peruviana is distributed in the southeast area of Peru in the valleys
inter-Andean of Mantaro and in the northernmost end of Chile.
Altitude range
Temperature
Hot and dry places
Soil
 ALISO
Alnus jorullensis“Aliso” “Huayau” “Lambrán”.

Well-proportioned tree, can reach a height of 10-15 meters, with bark

lenticelada; the whitish and elongated lenticels, approx. 1.5 cm in length.
Protruding corky structures, distinguishable against the light gray color of the
bark, the leaves are wide, serrated, with very secondary veins
rectos.

Distribution
Practically the entire highland of Peru, from Cajamarca to Puno; very
represented in the Central Sierra.

Altitude Range
This species thrives well between 2500 and 3300 meters above sea level, but there have been
observed that they develop at 3800 m above sea level.

Soils
The species usually grows easily and spontaneously in soils of
sandy texture, sometimes rocky and often near the
water sources; but it is very well adaptable to various types of soils and moisture conditions.

Uses
Aliso is a promising species for agroforestry due to its ability to produce a lot of rich organic material.
In nitrogen, the alder is considered one of the most important tree species for soil recovery.
in certain areas of the Andes
 QUISHUAR
Buddleja incana "Quishuar", "Quishuara"

The 'Quisuar' can grow up to 8 m in height, and is characterized by having a straight trunk and
the cracked outer bark, light ochre in color. Its leaves are of regular size, with
the leguminous and whitish underside.
Distribution and habitat
It is distributed in the high part of the Andes, being more known in
Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. This species develops well between 2300 and 2900 meters above sea level.
although it can be found up to 3400 meters above sea level.

Soils
This species prefers slightly alkaline to neutral soils with loam textures.
a franco-sandy; however, it is a species that easily adapts to others
textures. It tolerates high stoniness; its moisture requirements are moderate.
Uses
This species, due to its dense foliage, is used as perimeter fences and for
protection against cold winds.
Due to its excellent quality, durability, and resistance, it is used in construction.
cabinetmaking and props.
 Quinual
Polylepis racemosa "Quinual"

Tree up to 8 meters tall, with a straight trunk and yellowish bark, composed of membranous sheets.
exfoliables. It is bushy and has a lot of foliage: it has small, inconspicuous flowers and fruits.

Distribution
From Northern Peru to Southwestern Bolivia
Altitude Range
The optimal altitudinal distribution for this species is between 2600 up to
4000 meters above sea level. With a precipitation range that goes from 250 to 2000.
annual mm distributed over 6 to 7 months.
Soils
This species tolerates various types of soil well although it grows best in
speed in those with plain textures: clay-loam and loam
sandy; grows well in shallow soils with high percentages of
stony ground. It requires medium to high and constant levels of humidity, the
Polylepis racemosa is possibly the fastest species of the genus.
growth rhythm in the Central and Southern Sierra of Peru. Reynel and León
(1990).
Uses
The uses of this species are diverse, it is used as live fences and as protection cover for crops against
the cold winds and frosts, on the other hand, its foliage that easily detaches from the stem is used as fertilizer
floor.
The wood of this species is hard and unrotatable and is used in the construction of roofs as beams or 'Chaclas.'
they also use it for making crafts and tools.
 TUNA
Opuntia ficus
Description: Succulent and fleshy plant. The stem and branches are composed of pads that have a cushion-like appearance.
Ovoid and flattened, united together, they can reach up to 5m in height and 4m in diameter.
Peru, the usual varieties develop heights of approximately 1.5m.
The root: It is fibrous and the root system is extensive, but it deepens gradually;
penetrating easily into the cracks and the hardest and stoniest soils.
Distribution: In Peru, it is grown in the Andean region and on the coast. The species
it is native to the western foothills of the Andes between Peru and Bolivia, an area since
which has extended its cultivation to other latitudes.
Altitude range: It grows from sea level up to 3000 meters above sea level,
preference between 1700 to 2500 meters above sea level.

Soil: Requires loose, calcareous sandy soils; however, it is tolerant in

as for the soil. It grows in barren and unsuitable lands for other uses. Which grants
great advantage as it allows its production on land that is not intended for the cultivation of important agricultural products
for human consumption. concerning water, the requirements are minimal.
Temperature
It adapts in the range of 12 °C to 34 °C, but the optimal temperature is 11-23 °C.
Uses
The cactus is extremely rustic and thrives even with scarce humidity. In low-quality soils. It is ideal, among other things.
productive practices and soil protection for the following: mixed cropping (especially with woody species of
high rusticity: tara, molle, or agricultural or forage species; and thorny live fences for the protection of properties;
live barriers for soil retention; slope protection against erosion.
 cherry
Black cherry
description
Tree of good size (6-8 m high on average) distinguishable by its serrated, lanceolate leaves, also by its fruits.
round and red, approximately 1 cm in diameter, edible with a straight stem. Ash brown color with the bark provided with
elongated whitish lenticels about 1.5 cm long protruding.
Leaves
Simple, scattered alternates 8-10 long, by 2.5-3 cm wide, lanceolate or falcate
the apex is sharp, often tapering from sharp to round at the base, the edge
regularly sawed.
Distribution
Propaganda throughout the Andean region and extensively in the Peru of Arequipa to
Cajamarca and Puno.
altitudinal range
It grows between 2300 and 3500 meters above sea level.

Temperature
Observed in areas with an annual average temperature of 8-17 °C. Not observed in frozen areas.

Soil
Plastic species, although it grows better in deep soils, soils with low stoniness and good moisture levels.
Uses: Due to its good bearing, the species is suitable for the formation of windbreaks around crops.
It is also feasible to obtain regular harvests of re-sprouts from it.
 FRESNO
White Ash
Description
Large and robust tree with a dense, oval crown and dark green foliage. The outer bark is cracked and colored
light brown, the winged fruits with characteristics.
Leaves: Opposite, decussate, compound and odd-pinnate, about 30-50 or
more cm long with the ribbed rachis, bearing 4-5 pairs of opposite leaflets
these are lanceolate approximately 7-12 cm long and 2.5-3 cm wide.
Flowers: The species is dioecious (contains male flowers and female flowers)
Distribution: Native to North America but widely distributed in
Central America and South America.

Grows from sea level to 3500 meters above sea level.

Temperature: Observed in areas with an average annual temperature of 23°C can withstand cold.
intense.
Soil
The species is very adaptable in terms of soils, being observed in soils with variable texture. It thrives well in soils.
deep. the water requirements are medium to high
Uses
It is optimal for windbreak curtains and live fences in general. The wood is of high quality, given its adaptability to
soils and their tolerance to seasonal flooding, is recommended for riparian protection practices. on the other hand
its wide cup shape makes it ideal for the establishment of livestock shelter areas.

RETAMA
 Spartium junceum L.
Description
Small bush about 50 cm tall to a shrub of 2 or more meters, sometimes with a semi-tree habit. It has
numerous stems and its branching is very characteristic, with thin erect green branches. Its foliage is very
The flowers are scarce, colorful, yellow, and fragrant.
Leaves: Simple opposite or sub-opposite, oblong 1.5cm long by 4mm wide
On average, entire with pointed apex and sharp base. The main nerve is printed.
in the beam and in relief on the reverse.

Flowers: Hermaphrodites

Distribution: The entire Andean region, on the western slope and the valleys
interandinos of Peru is extensively wild. The species is actually
originating from the Mediterranean.

Altitude range: It is observable from sea level up to 3500 meters above sea level.
more.
Temperature: Observed in areas with an average annual temperature of 8-23 C. It withstands the
intense cold: withstands occasional frosts.
Soil: It is tolerant to very poor and degraded soils but always of
alkaline nature. thrives in those of shallow depth, however not
tolerates high salinity. Its water requirements are moderate.
Uses
The broom has high suitability for soil protection practices due to its high and rapid growth and the
possibility of direct seeding. Therefore, it can be easily used for the formation of live barriers,
protection and stabilization of slopes, embankments, riverbanks, and irrigation channels among others.
 AGAVE
American agave
Description
Succulent plant approximately 3.5 m tall with a vegetative body formed by several leaves
fleshy, equipped with spines on the edges and tip. They emerge from a central axis at level of
radiated floor.
Leaves
Simple rays radiating from the central axis directed outward and upward approximately 1 m long and
25 cm wide, sharply lanceolate and fleshy.
Flowers: Elongated green-yellow color approximately 15 cm long including the peduncle
Distribution: Widespread in Central America and South America. The species is native to Central
America but widely cultivated in the Andean region.
Altitude range: It develops well from sea level up to 3500 meters above sea level and more.

Temperature: Commonly observed in areas with an average annual temperature of 8-28 C.

registers in frozen areas.
It develops well in alkaline, sandy, or loamy soils. It roots easily even
in very shallow or rocky soils, it even grows on stones if there is soil on them
scarce substrate.
Uses
The maguey is extensively used in the mountains of Peru. It is used to shape
thorny fences around properties and homes sometimes complementing with fences
living from tree or shrub vegetation. It is also established in specific designs.
for the protection of slopes and riverbanks.
 TECHNICAL SHEET OF TREES INTRODUCED IN HUANCAYO

THUJA
Platycladus

Description: Thuja or tuya is aconiferfrom the family of thecypresses(Cypress familyoriginating from the regions
temperate of the Northern Hemisphere. There are five species in the genus, two native
ofNorth Americaand three from the eastAsian. The genre ismonofilamentand brother ofThujopsis.
They aretreesevergreenthat grow from 3m to 18m high, with abarkbrown
reddish with fibrous texture. The branches are flat, with lateral twigs in a single plane.
They are usually called by their nickname.Latinoarborvitae ('tree of life', inlatin, due to his/her
foliageevergreen.
Root: Its roots extend deep and are not invasive to neighboring plots.
LeavesThe leaves areescuamiformes, 1–10 mm long, except in the
young peopleseedlingsin their first year, they have needle-like leaves.

Distribution: Korea, Canada, Japan, it adapts to most places because there are
various species.
It is very frost tolerant and requires minimal maintenance.
comparison with its appearance. The best time to plant it is spring, so that
can reach an acceptable height in winter.
Soil: Yours adapts to any land, which is one of the great strengths of this plant, although it
it is recommended to add compost during the first year of growth.
Use: The wood of your tree is lightweight, soft, and very aromatic, and, according toPliny
the Elder(, the Thuja articulata was very
used in antiquity for luxurious table tops, it is also used forboxesof theguitarsYours are
widely cultivated asornamental trees, and are widely used ashedges.
 CAROLINA ALAMO
Eastern Cottonwood

Description
Deciduous tree over 20 m tall, with a broad pyramidal or spreading crown. Young leaves are ovate-heart-shaped.
slightly pointed. Fast-growing species.
Location
They are native to the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere and introduced in the southern hemisphere. The hybrid of is widespread.
this species, especially oriented towards its production potential.

Leaves
Heart-shaped and long acuminated leaves. Serrated-toothed margin of adults. Glabrous limbo, green in color on both sides, with the
pale underside. Flattened petiole, up to 10 cm in length.

Flowers
The flowers of the silver poplar can be male or female. The male ones are large and reddish; the female ones are of a
yellowish-green tone. It usually blooms before the leaves appear.

Distribution
Its distribution area extends from Alaska to the Labrador Peninsula, forming thickets, spreading south to
Central Mexico is also distributed in South America.
Soil
Grown in well-drained, nutrient-rich soil, it is valued for its rapid growth (under genetic improvement lines behind);
It presents long and straight trunks and is planted in regular formations called poplar groves, plantations.
Uses
Its wood is of good quality despite being a fast-growing species: in good locations it can grow more than 20m.3/ha/year. If
a good silvicultural itinerary has been followed; the wood is intended for low-density furniture, struts, and flat sheets; but its star use
It is from the plywood industry.
They are used in the south ofArgentinaas windbreak forest curtains.

EUCALYPTUS
Eucyap
luts
 Description: Eucalypts are perennial trees with a straight stature. They can reach heights of over 60 m.
the outer bark (ritidoma) is light brown with a skin-like appearance and peels off in strips leaving gray spots or
smooth inner bark.
Leaves: The young leaves of eucalyptus are sessile, oval, and grayish, elongating and becoming leathery and
a bright bluish-green color of adults; they contain an essential oil with a characteristic balsamic smell, which is a
powerful natural disinfectant.
Flowers: It presents white flowers and solitary with the chalice and the crown united
by a kind of cover that covers the stamens and the pistil (of this
peculiarity comes from its name, eu- kalypto in Greek means 'well'
cover") which, when opened, releases multitude of colored stamens
yellow.
Distribution: It has been cultivated intensely to eliminate the
humidity in swampy areas. It flourishes in September - October. Habitat: It is
native to Australia and Tasmania, where can more be found
300 species of the genus Eucalyptus.
Altitude range: 0 - 3,400 meters above sea level.

Does not withstand intense cold and it is somewhat sensitive to droughts

prolonged
Ground: For being of rapid growth, suitable for
the type of soils of the project, known production and management
by the inhabitants of the area.

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 E8.ucaylputgsolbuuhltsiepalnspteceiw
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CIPRES
Italian Cypress
Description
Like the vast majority of theconifers, they are leafperennialthey can reach 20 m in height with adiameterapproximately
about 60 cm. Its shape is pyramidal, growing rapidly in the first years of life, then slowing down and being able to
reach 300 years of life. They possess atrunkstraight and thin-barked in which longitudinal cracks form. It blooms
at the end of winter.
Leaves
They are very small (2-6 mm in length), scale-shaped, aligned in opposing pairs and decussate.
Flowers
Flowersmasculine and feminine
Distribution
A species native to the semi-arid mountains of the east and south of the Mediterranean such as Lebanon, Syria, southern Greece, Tunisia, or Morocco. In the
The Mantaro Valley can be used as an ornamental species or in specific forestry reforestation.
Altitude range
Within its natural range, it prefers altitudes of 1800 to 2600 meters above sea level.

Soil
They prefer limestone soils but do well in any as long as it is not waterlogged.

Uses
OnwoodIt is light yellowish-brown in color, with a fine texture and generally straight grain; it is not resinous and tends to come off.
a scent similar to that of thecedarIt is commonly used for building boxes, and the best selections of it can also be used
in decorative tables, piles, turning, sheets ofguitars.
 BLACK ALAMO
Black poplar
Description
It is atreethat reaches from 20 to 30mAlthough it can sometimes exceed this height. Root system formed by an axis.
strong and deep root system and a majority of superficial and spread roots. Generally straight trunk, with bark
grayish soon cracked longitudinally, forming between the cracks some blackish ribs, to which it alludes
Name. Wide cup, generally low density.
Leaves
Leaves with a petiole 2 to 6 cm long, laterally compressed and often hairy.Limbopubescent upon sprouting, very
soon hairless and green on both sides, shaped oval-triangular or oval-rhombic, pointed, scalloped-sawed.
Flowers
The male amenta are long, measuring 4-9 cm and reddish, while the female ones are 7 to 15 cm and greenish.

Distribution
It has been cultivated in Argentina and Chile since colonial times, and because of its prevalence and deep roots in the latter country, it is known as
Chilean poplar, to differentiate it from other species and more recently introduced varieties.
Soil
It is practically indifferent with regard tofloorswhile avoiding excessively salty conditions. It requires moisture in the soil with
water renewal, so it is usually located near surface streams or over shallow underground currents.
Uses
Woodsoft, porous, light and fragile, suitable forcarpentrylight of little resistance andconstructionas long as I shouldn't
support large weights. Good for manufacturing ofcellulose pulp.
As an ornamental and shade tree, it has been used since ancient times, being extremely common during the colonial period in
Argentina and Chile to demarcate entrances to vineyards and large estates, as well as main roads.
 GLOBULUS
Eucyap
logub
tlsuls
Description: It is the species planted most frequently in the Colombian mountain ranges. It has the drawback of
uyspeutcalu,yspeutcalT
w
ehtehie.m
urw
otsytexockpihqlednusisotrandylieasesdculrti
common or blue eucalyptus. Eucalyptus globulus is aspeciesarborealof the family of theMyrtaceaehas the capacity to
water absorption makes eucalyptus species very aggressive to the environment by transforming the
ecosystems due to land desiccation where crops are planted
Leaves: The young leaves of eucalyptus are sessile, oval-shaped, and grayish.
leaves areanti-cold, soothing and expectorant.
Flowers: It presents solitary white flowers with the calyx and the crown united by a
a kind of cover that covers the stamens and the pistil (of this peculiarity
its name, eu-kalypto in Greek means "well covered") which, when
opens, releases a multitude of yellow stamens.
Distribution: Habitat: It is native to Australia and Tasmania, where it can be found.
find more than 300 species of the genus Eucalyptus.
Altitude range: 0 - 3,400 m above sea level.

Does not withstand intense cold and is a bit sensitive to droughts

prolonged. It has been heavily cultivated to eliminate moisture in areas
swampy.
Soil: Prefers slightly acidic soils and cool, moist areas.

Uses:Itswoodsiusedn
iconstructoinfo,rpostsa,ndforfriewood.

Crying Sauce
Babylonian willow

Description
It is atreedeciduousfrom 8 to 12mup to 26 m high (exceptionally), with thin, flexible, long, almost hanging branches
to the ground. Its trunk has cracked bark. The inflorescences sprout along with the leaves, it has cylindrical catkins of 2
5 cm long, with pale yellow flowers. Female plants are used in cultivation. It blooms in winter.
Leaves
Linear-lanceolate, 8 to 15 cm long, acuminate, with finely serrated edges, glabrous and glaucous on the underside when
adults. Short petiole, pubescent
Flowers
Unisexual flowers
Distribution

Temperature
Although it withstands the cold, it is preferable to plant it in temperate climate areas, as it suffers from spring frosts, which can
destroy its leaves.
Soil
It is usually planted near watercourses, especially next to isolated ponds; it is extremely fond of water.
cultivating in poorly drained soils, it is a very rustic tree, thriving in all kinds of climates and soils, preferring the humid ones,
Uses
Although it grows rapidly, it does not live more than 60 years. It grows in a cultivated manner and without special care, especially in the ravine, it is a
tree used for fences, firewood, shade, and a very important use from an ecological point of view: preventing soil erosion by
planting it on the banks of the irrigation ditch, which protects the area's flora.
 CAMALDULENSIS
Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Description: Grows up to 20mit can sometimes reach 60 m in height; its thick bark (3 cm)
fluffy, mixing the reddish, grayish, greenish, and whitish.
The red eucalyptus has the ominous name of "Widow Maker" due to its ability to shed branches without warning.
previously warned, detaching for example from immense branches in an instant (often from the middle
of trunk diameter). This pruning helps to save water and/or is a result of its wood
brittle. Provides good shade for the extreme temperatures in central Australia, and stabilizes
river banks, retaining the soil.
Leaves: The young leaves of eucalyptus are sessile, oval, and grayish, elongating and
turning leathery and a bright bluish green when mature; they contain an essential oil,
of characteristic balsamic smell, which is a powerful natural disinfectant.
Flowers: It features white and solitary flowers with the calyx and the crown joined by a kind of
cover that encloses the stamens and the pistil (from this peculiarity comes its name, eu-kalypto in
Greek means 'well covered') which, when opened, releases a multitude of yellow stamens.
 Distribution: It is native
ofAustralia where it is widely expanded,
especially near water courses.
Temperature: Prefers climates
humid and without frost. Eucalyptus is one of the
trees that less water consumed per unit of
dry matter produced, but that its errors of
growths they lead to very consumption in the end
elevated.

UsesT
: hsi red eucalyptus is renowned for its
brilliant reddish wood, oscillating between pink
smooth to red dark, depending on the age.
It is very brittle and generally of cross-grained nature, making the
work difficult manual. Traditionally used for applications
of resistance as beams, posts.
Puya (plant)

Puya
 Puya raimondii

Tataxonomy

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta
 Class: Liliopsida

Order: Poales

Family: Bromeliaceae

Subfamily: Pitcairnioideae

Gender: Puya
MOLINA

Species

List of species

Synonymy

PourretiaRuiz& Pav.(1794).1

[edit data in Wikidata]

You are agenderof 180 species ofterrestrial plantsin the bromeliadsfamilyof theBromeliaceaeThey are natives of
theAndesofSouth Americaand sure ofCentral AmericaMany of the species aremonocarpic, with the parent plant dying after
to produce a flower and seed.2Understand 296speciesdescribed and of these, only 23 accepted.3

Index
 [hide]

1Description

2Taxonomy

3Accepted species

4Selected species

5See also

6References

7Bibliography

8External links

Description[edit]
They are terrestrial plants, stemless or with a short stem. Rosette leaves, succulent or almost succulent, spiny-toothed. Conspicuous stalk,
terminal, erect. Composite inflorescence (Mesoamerica). Bisexual, pedicellate flowers; free sepals, densely hairy; petals
free, without appendages, twisted together in a spiral after anthesis; stamens shorter than the petals, the filaments free, the
anthers without appendages; superior ovary. Fruit a dehiscent capsule; seeds with a whole appendage.4
The speciesPuya raimondiiIt is remarkable how the largest bromeliad plant reaches 3min height during the vegetative growth and a
escapedfloralup to 10 m high. Other species can reach with the floral stalk up to 4 m.2
Some species of PuyaChileThey are known as chaguales, and are used for salads made from their young leaves. A
common species isChilean puya.2
The puya takes about 150 years to bloom, making it the slowest growing plant in the world.2
Puya alpestris.

Taxonomy[edit]
The genre was described byJuan Ignacio Molinaand published inEssay on the Natural History of Chile. . . 160–161, 351. 1782.4Thespecies
typeChilean puya
Etymology
Puya: generic name that has been taken from thevernacular nameMapucheand what does 'point, peak' mean?
Accepted species[edit]
Below is a list of thespeciesof the genus Puya (plant) accepted until October of2013sorted alphabetically.
For each one, the indicatedbinomial namefollowed by theauthor, abbreviated according to conventions and usages.

SeeList of species ofPuya

Selected species[edit]
Alpine puya
Puya berteroniana
Chilean puya
Puya coerulea
Puya ferruginea, specifically designated inPeruspider5
Puya furfuracea, specifically designated inColombiayEcuadorsour grape5
Puya goudotiana
Puya hortensis
Be careful