Governors

Formula
Watt Governor

Porter Governor

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 n

Plus (+) if sleeve is moving upward or Speed is increasing or h is

Minus (-) if sleeve is moving downward or Speed is decreasing or h

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 Sleeve lift of porter Governor

Effort of the porter governor

if q=1

if Friction F is considered

If q=1

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 or simply

Proell Governor

Hartnell Governor

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 for minimum and intermediate position

for intermediate and maximum position

using above three

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 Theory
1 (2021+2019 - 3(a) - 12 marks + 2017- 2(b) - 5 marks)

Explain the following terms for a governor -

(i) Sensitiveness (ii) Stability

(iii) Isochronus (iv) Hunting

2 (2021- 3(b) - 08 marks)

Explain clearly how would you determine from the controlling force curve whether a governor is stable,
unstable or isochronous.

3 (2019 backlog- 3(b) - 08 marks)

Can a porter governor be isochronus? Justify your answer.

4 (2019 - 2(b) - 10 marks)

With neat sketch, explain how does a governor control or regulate the speed of an engine?

5 (2015 - 2(a) - 08 marks)

What is the function of a governor? Explain in brief the different types of governors.

6 (2015 - 2(b) - 10 marks)

What is meant by coefficient of insensitiveness of governors. Sketch the controlling force versus radius diagrams
for a stable, unstable and isochronous governor.

7 (2019-2(a)-08 marks + 2017 - 2(a) - 10 marks + 2014 - 2(a) - 06 marks + 2019-3(a)- 05 marks)

What is the function of a governor? How does it differ from a flylwheel?

Derivations
8 (2020 - 2(b) - 08 marks)

Prove that the sensitiveness of a Proell governor is greater than that of a Porter governor.

9 (2014 - 2(b) - 12 marks)

Deduce the expression for governor height of a porter governor.

10 (2013 - 2(a) - 15 marks)

By instantaneous centre method deduce the expression for height of a porter governor.

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 11 (2018 - 2(a) - 20 marks)

Deduce an expression for the height of a Watt governor. If a central weight is added to a Watt governor, deduce
the expression for the new height and compare the two heights.

Problems

Problem 1 (2021 - 3(c) - 15 marks)

Solution:
Example 18.25

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 Problem 2 (2018 - 2(b) - 15 marks + 2017 - 2(c) - 20 marks)

Solution:
Example 18.24

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Governors 9
 Problem 3 (2015 - 2(c) - 17 marks)

The arms of a porter governor are 300 mm long. The upper arms are pivoted on the axis of
rotation. The lower arms are attached to a sleeve at a distance of 40 mm from the axis of
rotation. The mass of the load on the sleeve is 72 kg and the mass of each ball is 10 kg.
Determine the equilibrium speed when the radius of rotation of the ball is 210 mm. If the
friction is equivalent to a load of 20N at the sleeve, what will be the range of speed for this
position?

Solution:

Example 18.6

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Governors 11
 Problem 4 (2020 - 2(c) - 14 marks)

Problem 5 (2019 - 2(c) - 20 marks)

Problem 6 (2014 - 2(c) - 17 marks + 2013 - 2(b) - 20 marks)

A governor of the Hartnell type has equal balls of mass 3 kg, set initially at a radius of 200
mm. The arms of the tell crank lever are 110 mm vertically and 150 mm horizontally. Find:
(i) The initial compressive force on the spring, if the speed for an initial ball radius of 200 nm
is 240 rpm; and (ii) the stiffness of the spring required to permit a sleeve movement of 4 mm
on a fluctuation of 7.5% in the engine speed.

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