Section 1: General Concepts in Learning Theories

1. What is the primary goal of any curriculum?

a) To teach as much content as possible
b) To bring about learning
c) To make students memorize facts
d) To create standardized tests
� Answer: b) To bring about learning

2. Which of the following is NOT a major learning theory?

a) Behaviorism
b) Cognitivism
c) Social Darwinism
d) Constructivism
� Answer: c) Social Darwinism

3. Who is considered the "father" of modern psychology?

a) Jean Piaget
b) Wilhelm Wundt
c) B.F. Skinner
d) John Dewey
� Answer: b) Wilhelm Wundt

4. What does psychology study in relation to education?

a) Only mental disorders
b) Human learning and behavior
c) School administrative policies
d) Standardized tests
� Answer: b) Human learning and behavior

5. According to John Locke, a child's mind is like a:

a) Puzzle
b) Whiteboard
c) Blank slate (Tabula Rasa)
d) Book
� Answer: c) Blank slate (Tabula Rasa)

Section 2: Behaviorism
6. Who developed the concept of classical conditioning?
a) John Dewey
b) Ivan Pavlov
c) B.F. Skinner
d) Edward Thorndike
� Answer: b) Ivan Pavlov
7. In Pavlov’s experiment, the bell was originally a:
a) Conditioned stimulus
b) Unconditioned stimulus
c) Neutral stimulus
d) Response
� Answer: c) Neutral stimulus

8. What did Skinner study with rats and pigeons?

a) Classical conditioning
b) Operant conditioning
c) Cognitive learning
d) Social learning
� Answer: b) Operant conditioning

9. Which law states that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are more likely to be
repeated?
a) Law of Readiness
b) Law of Exercise
c) Law of Effect
d) Law of Imitation
� Answer: c) Law of Effect

10. What is an example of negative reinforcement?

a) Giving a child candy for good behavior
b) Taking away a toy for bad behavior
c) Removing an annoying sound when a seatbelt is buckled
d) Giving extra homework for being late
� Answer: c) Removing an annoying sound when a seatbelt is buckled

Section 3: Cognitivism
11. Who developed the "Stages of Cognitive Development" theory?
a) B.F. Skinner
b) Jean Piaget
c) John Watson
d) Lev Vygotsky
� Answer: b) Jean Piaget

12. What is the correct order of Piaget’s stages?

a) Concrete Operational, Preoperational, Sensorimotor, Formal Operational
b) Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
c) Formal Operational, Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational
d) Preoperational, Sensorimotor, Formal Operational, Concrete Operational
� Answer: b) Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal
Operational
13. In Piaget's theory, object permanence is developed in which stage?
a) Preoperational
b) Concrete Operational
c) Sensorimotor
d) Formal Operational
� Answer: c) Sensorimotor

Section 4: Constructivism
14. Which theorist introduced the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?
a) Jean Piaget
b) Lev Vygotsky
c) John Dewey
d) Albert Bandura
� Answer: b) Lev Vygotsky

15. What is the primary focus of constructivist learning?

a) Memorization
b) Passive learning
c) Active knowledge construction
d) Conditioning
� Answer: c) Active knowledge construction

Section 5: Humanism
16. Who proposed the "Hierarchy of Needs" theory?
a) Abraham Maslow
b) Carl Rogers
c) Arthur Combs
d) B.F. Skinner
� Answer: a) Abraham Maslow

17. According to Carl Rogers, teachers should act as:

a) Authorities
b) Facilitators
c) Disciplinarians
d) Observers
� Answer: b) Facilitators

More Questions (Summary)

18. Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?
a) Getting a medal for good performance
b) Studying because you enjoy the subject
c) Doing homework to avoid punishment
d) Working for a salary
� Answer: b) Studying because you enjoy the subject

19. Which psychologist introduced "self-efficacy"?

a) B.F. Skinner
b) Albert Bandura
c) Jean Piaget
d) Carl Rogers
� Answer: b) Albert Bandura

20. Which learning theory focuses on the importance of social interaction?

a) Behaviorism
b) Cognitivism
c) Constructivism
d) Humanism
� Answer: c) Constructivism

Section 2: Behaviorism (Continued)

21. Which behaviorist principle suggests that repeated practice strengthens learning?
a) Law of Effect
b) Law of Readiness
c) Law of Exercise
d) Law of Imitation
� Answer: c) Law of Exercise

22. Who is credited with the development of the "Skinner Box" to study operant
conditioning?
a) John Watson
b) B.F. Skinner
c) Edward Thorndike
d) Ivan Pavlov
� Answer: b) B.F. Skinner

23. What is the primary goal of reinforcement in operant conditioning?

a) To eliminate behavior
b) To decrease motivation
c) To strengthen behavior
d) To make learning more difficult
� Answer: c) To strengthen behavior

24. Which of the following is an example of a positive reinforcement?

a) Giving a child candy for finishing homework
b) Taking away a toy for bad behavior
c) Ignoring a child's tantrum
d) Assigning extra work for not participating
� Answer: a) Giving a child candy for finishing homework

25. What is an example of punishment in learning?

a) Giving praise for effort
b) Taking away recess for misbehavior
c) Allowing students to leave class early
d) Giving a sticker for good work
� Answer: b) Taking away recess for misbehavior

Section 3: Cognitivism (Continued)

26. In the Information Processing Model, what is the role of short-term memory?
a) Permanent storage of information
b) Temporary storage before further processing
c) Automatic behavior learning
d) Emotional regulation
� Answer: b) Temporary storage before further processing

27. Which of the following is a cognitive learning strategy?

a) Memorization without understanding
b) Punishment for mistakes
c) Chunking information into smaller units
d) Ignoring previous knowledge
� Answer: c) Chunking information into smaller units

28. What is the capacity limit of short-term memory, according to Miller’s Law?
a) 3 ± 1 items
b) 5 ± 2 items
c) 7 ± 2 items
d) 10 ± 3 items
� Answer: c) 7 ± 2 items

29. The process of linking new information to existing knowledge is called:

a) Rote learning
b) Maintenance rehearsal
c) Elaborative rehearsal
d) Passive learning
� Answer: c) Elaborative rehearsal

30. What type of learning involves solving problems and making decisions?
a) Classical conditioning
b) Operant conditioning
c) Cognitive learning
d) Imitation learning
� Answer: c) Cognitive learning
Section 4: Constructivism (Continued)
31. According to constructivists, learners should be:
a) Passive receivers of information
b) Active participants in their learning
c) Dependent on teachers for knowledge
d) Forced to memorize facts
� Answer: b) Active participants in their learning

32. Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) refers to:

a) Tasks that are too easy for learners
b) The range of tasks learners can complete with guidance
c) Unstructured learning without support
d) Memorization techniques
� Answer: b) The range of tasks learners can complete with guidance

33. Which method is most associated with constructivist learning?

a) Direct instruction
b) Inquiry-based learning
c) Rote memorization
d) Repetitive drills
� Answer: b) Inquiry-based learning

34. Which of the following best describes scaffolding?

a) Gradual removal of teacher support as students gain independence
b) Punishment for incorrect answers
c) Encouraging students to work alone
d) Memorization of formulas
� Answer: a) Gradual removal of teacher support as students gain independence

35. Constructivism is closely related to:

a) Passive learning
b) Teacher-centered approaches
c) Student-centered learning
d) Repetitive drilling
� Answer: c) Student-centered learning

Section 5: Humanism (Continued)

36. What is the highest level in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
a) Safety needs
b) Self-actualization
c) Esteem needs
d) Love and belonging
� Answer: b) Self-actualization

37. Which psychologist believed that students should have autonomy in learning?
a) B.F. Skinner
b) Jean Piaget
c) Carl Rogers
d) Lev Vygotsky
� Answer: c) Carl Rogers

38. Humanistic learning focuses on:

a) Emotional well-being and self-growth
b) Memorization of facts
c) Punishment and rewards
d) Teacher-centered instruction
� Answer: a) Emotional well-being and self-growth

39. Which humanistic principle emphasizes the importance of student emotions?

a) Reinforcement theory
b) Student-centered learning
c) Behavior modification
d) Trial-and-error learning
� Answer: b) Student-centered learning

40. What is a key role of a teacher in a humanistic classroom?

a) Authority figure
b) Facilitator of learning
c) Disciplinarian
d) Passive observer
� Answer: b) Facilitator of learning

Section 6: Application of Learning Theories in the

Classroom
41. A teacher breaks a complex task into smaller steps and rewards students after each
step. This technique is based on:
a) Cognitivism
b) Behaviorism
c) Constructivism
d) Humanism
� Answer: b) Behaviorism

42. A student struggles to solve a math problem but, with a teacher’s guidance,
successfully completes it. This illustrates:
a) Operant conditioning
b) Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
c) Classical conditioning
d) Law of Effect
� Answer: b) Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

43. A teacher encourages students to discuss and justify their answers with peers. This
approach aligns with:
a) Behaviorism
b) Cognitivism
c) Constructivism
d) Classical conditioning
� Answer: c) Constructivism

44. A teacher wants to improve students’ memory by connecting new material to their
existing knowledge. Which approach is most effective?
a) Rote memorization
b) Elaborative rehearsal
c) Punishment
d) Immediate reinforcement
� Answer: b) Elaborative rehearsal

45. If a teacher allows students to choose their own projects based on their interests, this
aligns with:
a) Behaviorism
b) Humanism
c) Cognitivism
d) Operant conditioning
� Answer: b) Humanism

Section 7: Classroom Scenarios and Best Practices

46. A teacher provides a gold star to students who complete their homework. This is an
example of:
a) Negative reinforcement
b) Positive reinforcement
c) Constructivist learning
d) Punishment
� Answer: b) Positive reinforcement

47. A child learns social behaviors by watching their teacher model respectful
communication. This supports:
a) Skinner’s operant conditioning
b) Bandura’s social learning theory
c) Thorndike’s law of readiness
d) Piaget’s cognitive stages
� Answer: b) Bandura’s social learning theory

48. A student repeats a list of vocabulary words multiple times to remember them. This
is an example of:
a) Scaffolding
b) Maintenance rehearsal
c) Operant conditioning
d) ZPD
� Answer: b) Maintenance rehearsal

49. What is an example of extrinsic motivation?

a) Studying because you enjoy learning
b) Learning to satisfy personal curiosity
c) Studying to receive a reward or avoid punishment
d) Reading for personal growth
� Answer: c) Studying to receive a reward or avoid punishment

50. A teacher praises a student for correctly solving a math problem, increasing their
confidence. This supports:
a) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
b) Pavlov’s classical conditioning
c) Piaget’s constructivism
d) Cognitive load theory
� Answer: a) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Section 8: Advanced Applications in Education

51. A teacher pairs new material with familiar concepts to help students understand
better. This supports:
a) Cognitive learning theory
b) Behaviorism
c) Classical conditioning
d) Social learning theory
� Answer: a) Cognitive learning theory

52. What is the purpose of scaffolding in teaching?

a) To let students work independently from the start
b) To provide temporary support until students can perform independently
c) To give rewards for correct answers
d) To make students memorize information
� Answer: b) To provide temporary support until students can perform
independently

53. A student refuses to participate in group work because of past negative experiences.
This behavior may be explained by:
a) Classical conditioning
b) Social learning theory
c) Operant conditioning
d) Constructivism
� Answer: a) Classical conditioning
54. A teacher asks students to explain how they arrived at their answers, promoting:
a) Metacognition
b) Rote learning
c) Behaviorism
d) Punishment
� Answer: a) Metacognition

55. Which teaching strategy is most consistent with constructivist principles?

a) Lecturing and memorization
b) Discovery learning and problem-solving
c) Giving rewards for good behavior
d) Repeating exercises without feedback
� Answer: b) Discovery learning and problem-solving

Section 9: Miscellaneous Concepts

56. According to Piaget, at what stage do children begin to use logical thinking?
a) Preoperational
b) Concrete operational
c) Formal operational
d) Sensorimotor
� Answer: b) Concrete operational

57. If a child starts to think abstractly about concepts like justice and morality, they are
in which Piagetian stage?
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
� Answer: d) Formal operational

58. What is the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?
a) Classical conditioning involves consequences; operant conditioning does not
b) Classical conditioning is voluntary; operant conditioning is involuntary
c) Operant conditioning involves rewards/punishments; classical conditioning involves
associations
d) Classical conditioning is based on problem-solving skills
� Answer: c) Operant conditioning involves rewards/punishments; classical
conditioning involves associations

59. In humanistic learning theory, which factor is most important in education?

a) Standardized test scores
b) Emotional well-being and motivation
c) Teacher authority and discipline
d) Memorization techniques
� Answer: b) Emotional well-being and motivation
60. Which of the following is a key principle of constructivism?
a) Knowledge is transferred directly from teacher to student
b) Students build knowledge through experience and interaction
c) Learning occurs through rewards and punishments
d) Knowledge is best acquired through repetition
� Answer: b) Students build knowledge through experience and interaction